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arXiv2017

Mitigating Congestion in Complex Transportation Networks via Maximum Entropy

In this paper, we reveal the relationship between entropy rate and the congestion in complex network and solve it analytically for special cases. Finding maximizing entropy rate will lead to an improvement of traffic efficiency, we propose a method to mitigate congestion by allocating limited traffic capacity to the nodes in network rationally. Different from former strategies, our method only requires local and observable information of network, and is low-cost and widely applicable in practice. In the simulation of the phase transition for various network models, our method performs well in mitigating congestion both locally and globally. By comparison, we also uncover the deficiency of former degree-biased approaches. Owing to the rapid development of transportation networks, our method may be helpful for modern society.

physics.soc-ph↗

arXiv2017

Game among Interdependent Networks: The Impact of Rationality on System Robustness

Many real-world systems are composed of interdependent networks that rely on one another. Such networks are typically designed and operated by different entities, who aim at maximizing their own payoffs. There exists a game among these entities when designing their own networks. In this paper, we study the game investigating how the rational behaviors of entities impact the system robustness. We first introduce a mathematical model to quantify the interacting payoffs among varying entities. Then we study the Nash equilibrium of the game and compare it with the optimal social welfare. We reveal that the cooperation among different entities can be reached to maximize the social welfare in continuous game only when the average degree of each network is constant. Therefore, the huge gap between Nash equilibrium and optimal social welfare generally exists. The rationality of entities makes the system inherently deficient and even renders it extremely vulnerable in some cases. We analyze our model for two concrete systems with continuous strategy space and discrete strategy space, respectively. Furthermore, we uncover some factors (such as weakening coupled strength of interdependent networks, designing suitable topology dependency of the system) that help reduce the gap and the system vulnerability.

physics.soc-ph↗