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Shihang Liu

Publications and source records attributed to Shihang Liu.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

Wavelet-Scattering Signatures of Fuzzy Dark Matter in Simulated 21 cm Brightness-Temperature Maps

We study the effect of fuzzy dark matter (FDM) on the multiscale morphology of simulated redshifted 21\,cm maps during Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization. Using FDM-modified \texttt{21cmFAST} light cones, we apply the two-dimensional wavelet scattering transform (WST) to matched 2\,MHz map products. The first-order coefficients $S_1(j)$ summarize wavelet-band amplitudes, while the normalized second-order ratio $R=S_2/S_1(j_1)$ measures ordered cross-scale modulation. FDM shifts and reshapes both summaries through delayed halo and source formation. We compare a two-dimensional power spectrum (PS), WST, and their combination on the same transferred and noisy maps. In this controlled local Fisher analysis, PS+WST reduces the marginalized errors on the FDM mass, effective X-ray emissivity normalization, and ionizing efficiency by approximately a factor of 1.8 relative to the matched two-dimensional PS baseline, although the dominant mass-heating degeneracy remains. An idealized three-wedge test shows that $R$ is less reshaped at the coefficient level than $S_1$. The covariance includes thermal noise conditional on one fiducial light cone but not cosmic variance or foreground residuals; the results are therefore relative information comparisons, not survey forecasts or a demonstration of superiority over a full three-dimensional PS analysis.

astro-ph.CO

Constraining fuzzy dark matter with the 21-cm power spectrum from Cosmic Dawn and Reionization

The 21-cm signals from Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization contain valuable information on cosmological structure formation dominated by dark matter. Measurements of the 21-cm power spectrum can thus probe certain dark matter candidates. Here we investigate the impacts of fuzzy dark matter (FDM) on the 21-cm signals, taking into account both the linear matter power spectrum and the halo mass function (HMF) in FDM cosmologies. The full FDM dynamics are implemented in reionization simulations, along with a new ansatz on modulation of the FDM HMF by the linear overdensity. Not only does the suppression of FDM halos on small scales give rise to delay of the signature epochs during cosmic reionization, but these epochs are also shortened relative to the cold dark matter cosmology. In addition, we find that while the FDM effects on the 21-cm power spectrum are dominated by its linear dynamics early in Cosmic Dawn, a correct FDM HMF resulting from nonlinear wave dynamics must be considered when X-ray heating begins. We forecast the constraints on the FDM model parameters from upcoming 21-cm power spectrum measurements by SKA1-Low (central area). In FDM cosmologies with $m_\mathrm{FDM}=10^{-21}$ eV, SKA1-Low will be able to constrain the boson mass to within $\sim10$% at 2$\sigma$ confidence with a mock 1080-hour observation, if the ionizing efficiency is mass independent. However, our results show that realistic astrophysical processes are degenerate with the FDM effects, which shall severely loosen the constraints on the boson mass from 21-cm power spectrum data alone.

astro-ph.CO

Fundamental Limits of Communication-Assisted Sensing in ISAC Systems

In this paper, we introduce a novel communication-assisted sensing (CAS) framework that explores the potential coordination gains offered by the integrated sensing and communication technique. The CAS system endows users with beyond-line-of-the-sight sensing capabilities, supported by a dual-functional base station that enables simultaneous sensing and communication. To delve into the system's fundamental limits, we characterize the information-theoretic framework of the CAS system in terms of rate-distortion theory. We reveal the achievable overall distortion between the target's state and the reconstructions at the end-user, referred to as the sensing quality of service, within a special case where the distortion metric is separable for sensing and communication processes. As a case study, we employ a typical application to demonstrate distortion minimization under the ISAC signaling strategy, showcasing the potential of CAS in enhancing sensing capabilities.

cs.IT

Bias in apparent dispersion measure due to de-magnification of plasma lensing on background radio sources

The effect of ionized gas on the propagation of radio signals is known as plasma lensing. Unlike gravitational lensing, plasma lensing causes both magnification and strong de-magnification effects to background sources. We study the cross section of plasma lensing for two density profiles, the Gaussian and power-law models. In general, the cross section increases with the density gradient. Radio sources can be used to measure the free electron density along the line of sight. However, plasma lensing de-magnification causes an underestimate of the electron density. Such a bias increases with the electron density, and can be up to $\sim 15\%$ in the high density region. There is a large probability that high density clumps will be missed due to this bias. The magnification of plasma lensing can also change the luminosity function of the background sources. The number density of sources on both the high and low luminosity ends can be overestimated due to this biasing effect.

astro-ph.CO