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Shiladitya Porey

Publications and source records attributed to Shiladitya Porey.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

Post-inflationary production of particle Dark Matter: non-minimal Natural and Coleman--Weinberg inflationary scenarios

We investigate the production of non-thermal fermionic dark matter particles during the reheating era following slow roll inflation, driven by inflaton $φ$ non-minimally coupled to the curvature scalar, $\mathcal{R}$. Two types of non-minimal couplings are considered: $ξφ^2\cal{R}$ for both natural (referred to as NM-N) and for Coleman-Weinberg (referred to as NM-CW) inflation, and $α\left(1+\cos(\fracφ{f_a})\right)$ only for natural inflation (referred to as NMP-N), where $α$ and $ξ$ are dimensionless parameters and $f_a$ is an energy scale. We determine benchmark values for slow roll inflationary scenarios satisfying current bounds from Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation measurement and find the mass of inflaton to be $m_ϕ\sim {\cal O}\left(10^{12}\right) \text{GeV}$ for all three inflationary scenarios and tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r\sim 0.0177$ (for NM-N), $\sim 0.0097$ (for NMP-N), and $r\sim 0.0157$ (for NM-CW) which fall inside $1-σ$ contour on scalar spectral index versus $r$ plane of Planck2018+BICEP3+KeckArray2018 joint analysis, and can be probed by future CMN~observations e.g. Simons Observatory. We then show that dark matter particles produced from the decay of inflaton can fully match the present-day cold dark matter (CDM) yield, as well as other cosmological constraints, if the coupling value between inflaton and dark matter, $y_χ$, and the dark matter mass, $m_χ$, are within the range $10^{-1}\gtrsim y_χ\gtrsim 10^{-20}$ for NM-N and NMP-N ($10^{-4}\gtrsim y_χ\gtrsim 10^{-20}$ for NM-CW) and ${\cal O}\left(\text{keV}\right)\lesssim m_χ\lesssim m_ϕ/2$ (for NM-N, NMP-N, and NM-CW). The exact range of $y_χ$ and $m_χ$ varies with different benchmark values as well as parameters of inflation, like energy scale of inflation and $r$, some of which are within reach of next-generation CMB experiments.

hep-ph

Post-inflationary Leptogenesis and Dark Matter production: Metric versus Palatini formalism

We investigate production of non-thermal dark matter particles and heavy sterile neutrinos from inflaton during the reheating era, which is preceded by a slow-roll inflationary epoch with a quartic potential and non-minimal coupling ($ξ$) between inflaton and gravity. We compare our analysis between metric and Palatini formalism. For the latter, the tensor-to-scalar ratio, r, decreases with $ξ$. We find that for $ξ=0.5$ and number of $e$-folds $\sim 60$, $r$ can be as small as $\sim {\cal O}\left(10^{-3}\right)$ which may be validated at future reaches of upcoming CMB observation such as CMB-S4 etc. We identify the permissible range of Yukawa coupling $y_χ$ between inflaton and fermionic DM $χ$, to be ${\cal O}\left(10^{-3.5}\right)\gtrsim y_χ\gtrsim {\cal O}\left(10^{-20}\right)$ for metric formalism and ${\cal O}\left(10^{-4}\right)\gtrsim y_χ\gtrsim {\cal O}\left(10^{-11}\right)$ for Palatini formalism which is consistent with current PLANCK data and also within the reach of future CMB experiments. For the scenario of leptogenesis via the decay of sterile neutrinos produced from inflaton decay, we also investigate the parameter space involving heavy neutrino mass $M_{N_1}$ and Yukawa coupling $y_{N_1}$ of sterile neutrino with inflaton, which are consistent with current CMB data and successful generation of the observed baryon asymmetry of the universe via leptogenesis. In contrast to metric formalism, in the case of Palatini formalism, for successful leptogenesis to occur, we find that $y_{N_1}$ has a very narrow allowable range and is severely constrained from the consistency with CMB predictions.

astro-ph.CO

Post-inflationary production of particle Dark Matter: Hilltop and Coleman-Weinberg inflation

We investigate the production of non-thermal dark matter (DM), $χ$, during post-inflationary reheating era. For inflation, we consider two slow roll single field inflationary scenarios - generalized version of Hilltop (GH) inflation, and Coleman-Weinberg (CW) inflation. Using a set of benchmark values that comply with the current constraints from Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) data for each inflationary model, we explored the parameter space involving mass of dark matter particles, $m_χ$, and coupling between inflaton and $χ$, $y_χ$. For these benchmarks, we find that tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ can be as small as $2.69\times 10^{-6}$ for GH and $1.91\times 10^{-3}$ for CW inflation, both well inside $1-σ$ contour on scalar spectral index versus $r$ plane from Planck2018+BICEP3+KeckArray2018 dataset, and testable by future cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations e.g. Simons Observatory. For the production of $χ$ from the inflaton decay satisfying CMB and other cosmological bounds and successfully explaining total cold dark matter density of the present universe, we find that $y_χ$ should be within this range ${\cal O}\left(10^{-4}\right) \gtrsim y_χ\gtrsim {\cal O}\left(10^{-20}\right)$ for both inflationary scenarios. We also show that, even for the same inflationary scenario, the allowed parameter space on reheating temperature versus $m_χ$ plane alters with inflationary parameters including scalar spectral index, $r$, and energy scale of inflation.

hep-ph

Measuring inflaton couplings via dark radiation as $ΔN_{\rm eff}$ in CMB

We study the production of a beyond the Standard Model (BSM) free-streaming relativistic particles which contribute to $N_{eff}$ and investigate how much the predictions for the inflationary analysis change. We consider inflaton decay as the source of this dark radiation (DR) and use the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data from $\textit{Planck}$-2018 to constrain the scenarios and identify the parameter space involving couplings and masses of the inflaton that will be within the reach of next-generation CMB experiments like SPT-3G, CMB-S4, $\text{CMB-Bh$\overline{a}$rat}$, PICO, CMB-HD, etc. We find that if the BSM particle is produced only from the interaction with inflaton along with Standard Model (SM) relativistic particles, then its contribution to $N_{eff}$ is a monotonically increasing function of the branching fraction, $B_X$ of the inflaton to the BSM particle $X$; $\textit{Planck}$ bound on $N_{eff}$ rules out such $B_X \gtrsim 0.09$. Considering two different analyses of $\textit{Planck}$+BICEP data together with other cosmological observations, $N_{eff}$ is treated as a free parameter, which relaxes the constraints on scalar spectral index ($n_s$) and tensor-to-scalar ratio ($r$). The first analysis leads to predictions on the inflationary models like Hilltop inflation being consistent with the data. Second analysis rules out the possibility that BSM particle $X$ producing from the inflaton decay in Coleman-Weinberg Inflation or Starobinsky Inflation scenarios. To this end, we assume that SM Higgs is produced along with the BSM particle. We explore the possibilities that $X$ can be either a scalar or a fermion or a gauge boson and consider possible interactions with inflaton and find out the permissible range on the allowed parameter space Planck and those which will be within the reaches of future CMB observations.

hep-ph

Near-inflection point inflation and production of dark matter during reheating

We study slow roll single field inflationary scenario and the production of non-thermal fermionic dark matter, together with standard model Higgs, during reheating. For the inflationary scenario, we have considered two models of polynomial potential - one is symmetric about the origin and another one is not. We fix the coefficients of the potential from the current Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data from Planck/Bicep. Next, we explore the allowed parameter space on the coupling $(y_χ)$ with inflaton and mass $(m_χ)$ of dark matter (DM) particles $(χ)$ produced during reheating and satisfying CMB and several other cosmological constraints.

astro-ph.CO

Inflection-point Inflation and Dark Matter Redux

We investigate for viable models of inflation that can successfully produce dark matter (DM) from inflaton decay process, satisfying all the constraints from Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and from some other observations. In particular, we analyze near-inflection-point small field inflationary scenario with non-thermal production of fermionic DM from the decaying inflaton field during the reheating era. To this end, we propose two different models of inflation with polynomial potential. The potential of Model I contains terms proportional to linear, quadratic, and quartic in inflaton; whereas in Model II, the potential contains only even power of inflaton and the highest term is sextic in inflaton. For both the models, we find out possible constraints on the model parameters which lead to proper inflationary parameters from CMB data with a very small tensor-to-scalar ratio, as expected from a small-field model. With the allowed parameter space from CMB, we then search for satisfactory relic abundance for DM, that can be produced from inflaton via reheating, to match with the present-day cold dark matter (CDM) relic density for the parameter spaces of the DM $χ$ mass and Yukawa couplings in the range $10^{-9} \gtrsim y_χ \gtrsim 10^{-15}$ and $10^3 \text{GeV} \lesssim m_χ \lesssim 10^9 \text{GeV}$. The DM relic is associated with the inflection-points in each model via maximum temperature reached in the early universe during its production. Finally, we find out allowed parameter space coming out of combined constraints from stability analysis for both SM Higgs and DM decays from inflaton as well as from BBN and Lyman-$α$ bounds.

hep-ph

Particle dark matter density and entropy production in the early universe

Dark Matter (DM) density is reduced if entropy production takes place after DM particles abundance is frozen out in the early universe. We study a possibility of such reduction due to entropy production in the electroweak phase transition (EWPT). We compare scenarios of entropy production in the standard model (SM) and its simplest extension, the two-Higgs doublet model (2HDM). Assuming the EWPT is of second order in the SM scenario and the first order in the 2HDM, we calculate the entropy release in these scenarios and the corresponding dilution of preexisting DM density in the early universe. We find the effect of dilution in EWPT significant for confrontation with observations of any form of possible DM (including primordial black holes (PBHs)), which is frozen out, decoupled, frozen in, or formed before EWPT.

hep-ph

Entopy release in Electroweak Phase Transition in 2HDM

Electroweak phase transition in the simplest extension of the standard model namely two Higgs doublet model and entropy production within this framework is studied. We have considered several benchmark points which were called using BSMPT, a C++ package, within the limit of $vev/T_C>0.2$ are studied, and corresponding entropy productions are shown in this paper.

hep-ph

Effects of 2HDM in electroweak phase transition

The entropy production scenarios due to electroweak phase transition (EWPT) in the framework of the minimal extension of standard model namely two Higgs doublet model(2HDM) is revisited. The possibility of first order phase transition is discussed. Intense parameter scanning is done with the help of BSMPT, a C++ package. Numerical calculations are performed in order to calculate the entropy production with numerous benchmark points.

hep-ph

Formation and evaporation of an electrically charged black hole in conformal gravity

Extending previous work on the formation and the evaporation of black holes in conformal gravity, in the present paper we study the gravitational collapse of a spherically symmetric and electrically charged thin shell of radiation. The process creates a singularity-free black hole. Assuming that in the evaporation process the charge $Q$ is constant, the final product of the evaporation is an extremal remnant with $M=Q$, which is reached in an infinite amount of time. We also discuss the issue of singularity and thermodynamics of black holes in Weyl's conformal gravity.

gr-qc

Black hole evaporation in conformal gravity

We study the formation and the evaporation of a spherically symmetric black hole in conformal gravity. From the collapse of a spherically symmetric thin shell of radiation, we find a singularity-free non-rotating black hole. This black hole has the same Hawking temperature as a Schwarzschild black hole with the same mass, and it completely evaporates either in a finite or in an infinite time, depending on the ensemble. We consider the analysis both in the canonical and in the micro-canonical statistical ensembles. Last, we discuss the corresponding Penrose diagram of this physical process.

gr-qc