arXiv subjects

Shude Mao

Publications and source records attributed to Shude Mao.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

arXiv2025

LensWatch. II. Improved Photometry and Time-delay Constraints on the Strongly Lensed Type Ia Supernova 2022qmx ("SN Zwicky") with HST Template Observations

Strongly lensed supernovae (SNe) are a rare class of transient that can offer tight cosmological constraints that are complementary to methods from other astronomical events. We present a follow-up study of one recently-discovered strongly lensed SN, the quadruply-imaged Type Ia SN 2022qmx (aka, "SN Zwicky") at z = 0.3544. We measure updated, template-subtracted photometry for SN Zwicky and derive improved time delays and magnifications. This is possible because SNe are transient, fading away after reaching their peak brightness. Specifically, we measure point spread function (PSF) photometry for all four images of SN Zwicky in three Hubble Space Telescope WFC3/UVIS passbands (F475W, F625W, F814W) and one WFC3/IR passband (F160W), with template images taken $\sim 11$ months after the epoch in which the SN images appear. We find consistency to within $2σ$ between lens model predicted time delays ($\lesssim1$ day), and measured time delays with HST colors ($\lesssim2$ days), including the uncertainty from chromatic microlensing that may arise from stars in the lensing galaxy. The standardizable nature of SNe Ia allows us to estimate absolute magnifications for the four images, with images A and C being elevated in magnification compared to lens model predictions by about $6σ$ and $3σ$ respectively, confirming previous work. We show that millilensing or differential dust extinction is unable to explain these discrepancies and find evidence for the existence of microlensing in images A, C, and potentially D, that may contribute to the anomalous magnification.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2025

Asteroseismology with TESS: Emergence of Dipole Mode Suppression From Subgiants?

Dipole mode suppression is an observed behavior of solar-like oscillations in evolved stars. This study aims to search for depressed dipole modes in giant stars using data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and investigate when the suppression starts to emerge. We study a sample of 8,651 TESS-evolved stars and find 179 stars with significant dipole mode depression by comparing the oscillation amplitudes of radial and dipole modes. Notably, 11 of them are located near the base of the red-giant branch, indicating that mode suppression appears earlier than the point inferred in previous studies with the Kepler data. These findings provide new evidence for the dipole mode suppression in giant stars, particularly in subgiants.

astro-ph.SR↗

arXiv2025

Dynamical Models of the Milky Way in Action Space with LAMOST DR8 and GAIA EDR3

This work explores dynamical models of the Milky Way (MW) by analyzing a sample of 86,109 K giant stars selected through cross-matching the LAMOST DR8 and Gaia EDR3 surveys. Our earlier torus models in Wang et al. (2017) did not include Gaia data, making them incompatible with the new proper motion distributions of samples. Here, we refine the construction of action-based, self-consistent models to constrain the three-dimensional velocity distribution of K giants over a larger parameter space, drawing on a series of existing MW models. This approach produces several new MW models. Our best-fit model for the local kinematics near the Sun indicates a MW virial mass of 1.35 $\times 10^{12} M_\odot$, a local stellar density of 0.0696 $\rm M_\odot pc^{-3}$, and a local dark matter density of 0.0115 $\rm M_\odot pc^{-3}$. Our main conclusion supports a thicker and more extended thick disk, alongside a cooler thin disk, compared to the best-fitting model in Wang et al. (2017). Near the Sun, our model aligns well with observations, but is less satisfactory at distances far from the Galactic center, perhaps implying unidentified structures. Further high-precision observations will be critical for understanding the dynamics in these outer Galactic regions, and will require a more realistic model.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2025

Dwarf Galaxy Integral-field Survey (DGIS): survey overview and the result of global mass-metallicity relation

Low-mass galaxies are the building blocks of massive galaxies in the framework of hierarchical structure formation. To enable detailed studies of galactic ecosystems in dwarf galaxies by spatially resolving different galactic components, we have carried out the Dwarf Galaxy Integral-field Survey (DGIS). This survey aims to acquire observations with spatial resolutions as high as 10 to 100 pc while maintaining reasonably high signal-to-noise ratios with VLT/MUSE and ANU-2.3m/WiFeS. The whole sample will be composed of 65 dwarf galaxies with $M_{\rm \ast}$ $<$ 10$^{9}$ $\rm M_{\odot}$, selected from the Spitzer Local Volume Legacy Survey. The overall scientific goals include studying baryonic cycles in dwarf galaxies, searching for off-nuclear (intermediate)-massive black holes, and quantifying the inner density profiles of dark matter. In this work, we describe the sample selection, data reduction, and high-level data products. By integrating the spectra over the field of view for each galaxy, we obtained the integrated gas-phase metallicity and discussed its dependence on stellar mass and SFR. We find that the overall relation between metallicity and stellar mass of our DGIS nearly follows the extrapolation from the higher mass end. Its dispersion does not decrease by invoking the dependence on SFR.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2024

Metallicity Dependence of Giant Planets around M Dwarfs

We investigate the stellar metallicity ([Fe/H] and [M/H]) dependence of giant planets around M dwarfs by comparing the metallicity distribution of 746 field M dwarfs without known giant planets with a sample of 22 M dwarfs hosting confirmed giant planets. All metallicity measurements are homogeneously obtained through the same methodology based on the near-infrared spectra collected with a single instrument SpeX mounted on the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility. We find that 1) giant planets favor metal-rich M dwarfs at a 4-5$σ$ confidence level, depending on the band of spectra used to derive metallicity; 2) hot ($a/R_\ast\leq 20$) and warm ($a/R_\ast> 20$) Jupiters do not show a significant difference in the metallicity distribution. Our results suggest that giant planets around M and FGK stars, which are already known to prefer metal-rich hosts, probably have a similar formation channel. In particular, hot and warm Jupiters around M dwarfs may have the same origin as they have indistinguishable metallicity distributions. With the refined stellar and planetary parameters, we examine the stellar metallicities and the masses of giant planets where we find no significant correlation. M dwarfs with multiple giant planets or with a single giant planet have similar stellar metallicities. Mid-to-late type M stars hosting gas giants do not show an apparent preference to higher metallicities compared with those early-M dwarfs with gas giants and field M dwarfs.

astro-ph.EP↗

arXiv2024

Microlensing Events in Five Years of Photometry from the Zwicky Transient Facility

Microlensing has a unique advantage for detecting dark objects in the Milky Way, such as free-floating planets, neutron stars, and stellar-mass black holes. Most microlensing surveys focus on the Galactic bulge, where higher stellar density leads to a higher event rate. However, microlensing events in the Galactic plane have closer lenses and longer timescales, which leads to a greater chance of measuring microlens parallax, providing an additional constraint on the mass of the lens. This work searches for microlensing events in Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) Data Release 17 from 2018--2023 in the Galactic plane region. We find 124 high-confidence microlensing events and 54 possible events, all available online\footref{online_resources}. Thus, with two years of additional ZTF data in DR17, we have more than doubled the number of microlensing events (60) found in the previous three-year DR5 search. In the event selection, we use the efficient \texttt{EventFinder} algorithm to detect microlensing signals, which could be used for large datasets such as future ZTF data releases or data from the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). Using detection efficiencies of ZTF fields obtained from catalog-level simulations, we calculate the mean Einstein timescale to be $\langle t_\mathrm{E}\rangle=51.7\pm3.3$ days, smaller than previous results of the Galactic plane but within 1.5$σ$. We also calculate optical depths and event rates, although some caution is needed due to the use of visual inspection when creating our final sample. Spectroscopy of three possible candidates confirms their microlensing nature.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2024

Deciphering the Kinematic Substructure of Local Dark Matter with LAMOST K Giants

Numerical simulations indicate that correlations exist between the velocity distributions of stars and dark matter (DM). We study the local DM velocity distribution based on these correlations. We select K giants from LAMOST DR8 cross-matched with {\gaia} DR3, which have robust measurements of velocity and metallicity, and separate them into the disk, halo substructure and isotropic halo components in the chemodynamical space utilizing the Gaussian Mixture Model. The substructure component is highly radially anisotropic, and possibly related to the \gaia-Enceladus-Sausage (GES) merger event, while the isotropic halo component is accreted from the earliest mergers following the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution (Standard Halo Model, SHM). We find that the GES-like substructure contributes $\sim85\%$ of the local nondisk stars in the Solar neighbourhood, which is nearly invariant when applying different volume cuts or additional angular momentum constraints. Utilizing the metallicity-stellar mass relation and the stellar mass-halo mass relation, we find that $\sim25_{-15}^{+24}\%$ of local DM is in the kinematic substructure. Combined with the stellar distributions of nondisk components, we modify the heliocentric velocity distribution of local DM. It shifts to a lower speed with a sharper peak compared to the SHM, and updates the detection limits of DM direct detection experiments. We discuss extensively the degeneracies present in the GMM fitting and propose that more kinematic and chemical information such as $α$ abundance could help to break the degeneracy in the future. Our work confirms that the local DM velocity distribution deviates significantly from the SHM, and needs to be properly accounted for in the DM detection experiments.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2024

Quantifying the stellar ages of dynamically separated bulges and disks of CALIFA spiral galaxies

We employ a recently developed population-orbit superposition technique to simultaneously fit the stellar kinematic and age maps of 82 CALIFA spiral galaxies and obtain the ages of stars in different dynamical structures. We first evaluated the capabilities of this method on CALIFA-like mock data created from the Auriga simulations. The recovered mean ages of dynamically cold, warm, and hot components match the true values well, with an observational error of up to $20\%$ in the mock age maps. For CALIFA spiral galaxies, we find that the stellar ages of the cold, warm, and hot components all increase with the stellar mass of the galaxies, from $\overline{t_{\rm cold}}\sim2.2$ Gyr, $\overline{t_{\rm warm}}\sim2.3$ Gyr, and $\overline{t_{\rm hot}}\sim2.6$ Gyr for galaxies with stellar mass $M_*<10^{10}\,\rm M_{\odot}$, to $\overline{t_{\rm cold}}\sim4.0$ Gyr, $\overline{t_{\rm warm}}\sim5.1$ Gyr, and $\overline{t_{\rm hot}}\sim5.9$ Gyr for galaxies with $M_*>10^{11}\,\rm M_{\odot}$. About $80\%$ of the galaxies in our sample have $t_{\rm hot}>t_{\rm cold}$, and the mean values of $t_{\rm hot}-t_{\rm cold}$ also increase with stellar mass, from $0.7_{-0.2}^{+0.6}$ Gyr in low-mass galaxies ($10^{8.9}\,\rm M_{\odot}<M_*\le10^{10.5}\,\rm M_{\odot}$) to $1.7_{-0.2}^{+0.7}$ Gyr in high-mass galaxies ($10^{10.5}\,\rm M_{\odot}<M_*<10^{11.3}\,\rm M_{\odot}$). The stellar age is younger in disks than in bulges, on average. This suggests that either the disks formed later and/or that they experienced a more prolonged and extensive period of star formation. Lower-mass spiral galaxies have younger bulges and younger disks, while higher-mass spiral galaxies generally have older bulges, and their disks span a wide range of ages. This is consistent with the scenario in which the bulges in more massive spirals formed earlier than those in less massive spirals.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2024

Wave effect of gravitational waves intersected with a microlens field II: an adaptive hierarchical tree algorithm and population study

The gravitational lensing wave effect generated by a microlensing field embedded in a lens galaxy is an inevitable phenomenon in strong lensed gravitational waves (SLGWs). This effect presents both challenges and opportunities for the detection and application of SLGWs. However, investigating this wave effect requires computing a complete diffraction integral over each microlens in the field. This is extremely time-consuming due to the large number of microlenses. Therefore, simply adding all the microlenses is impractical. Additionally, the complexity of the time delay surface makes the lens plane resolution a crucial factor in controlling numerical errors. In this paper, we propose a trapezoid approximation-based adaptive hierarchical tree algorithm to meet the challenges of calculation speed and precision. We find that this algorithm accelerates the calculation by four orders of magnitude compared to the simple adding method and is one order of magnitude faster than the fixed hierarchical tree algorithm proposed for electromagnetic microlensing. More importantly, our algorithm ensures controllable numerical errors, increasing confidence in the results. Together with our previous work, this paper addresses all numerical issues, including integral convergence, precision, and computational time. Finally, we conducted a population study on the microlensing wave effect of SLGWs using this algorithm and found that the microlensing wave effect cannot be ignored, especially for Type II SLGWs due to their intrinsic geometric structures and their typical intersection with a denser microlensing field. Statistically, more than 33% (11%) of SLGWs have a mismatch larger than 1% (3%) compared to the unlensed waveform. Additionally, we found that the mismatch between signal pairs in a doubly imaged GW is generally larger than 10^{-3}, and 61% (25%) of signal pairs have a mismatch larger than 1% (3%).

astro-ph.IM↗

arXiv2024

An Earth-Mass Planet and a Brown Dwarf in Orbit Around a White Dwarf

Terrestrial planets born beyond 1-3 AU have been theorized to avoid being engulfed during the red-giant phases of their host stars. Nevertheless, only a few gas-giant planets have been observed around white dwarfs (WDs) -- the end product left behind by a red giant. Here we report on evidence that the lens system that produced the microlensing event KMT-2020-BLG-0414 is composed of a WD orbited by an Earth-mass planet and a brown dwarf (BD) companion, as shown by the non-detection of the lens flux using Keck Adaptive Optics (AO). From microlensing orbital motion constraints, we determine the planet to be a $1.9\pm0.2$ Earth-mass ($M_\oplus$) planet at a physical separation of $2.1\pm0.2$ au from the WD during the event. By considering the system evolutionary history, we determine the BD companion to have a projected separation of 22 au from the WD, and reject an alternative model that places the BD at 0.2 au. Given planetary orbital expansion during the final evolutionary stages of the host star, this Earth-mass planet may have existed in an initial orbit close to 1 au, thereby offering a glimpse into the possible survival of planet Earth in the distant future.

astro-ph.EP↗

arXiv2024

How Rare are TESS Free-Floating Planets?

Recently, Kunimoto et al. claimed that a short-lived signal in the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) Sector 61 database was possibly caused by a microlensing event with a terrestrial-mass free-floating planet (FFP) lens. In this study, we investigate TESS's ability to detect microlensing FFPs by considering the detailed source information (e.g., distance and radius), the TESS photometric accuracy, and finite-source effects. Using the FFP mass function from microlensing surveys toward the Galactic bulge, we find that only $0.0018$ microlensing events are expected to be detected in TESS Sector 61 for the entire planetary mass range. The reported signal is unlikely to be a real microlensing event, which is consistent with the evidence from the long-term OGLE data that the signal was likely due to a stellar flare. By extrapolating our result to fainter stars until $T = 16$ mag and adopting a possible optimized search algorithm, we find that only $\sim 1$ FFP events can be detected in the entire TESS mission within the first 7 years. Significant improvments of our understanding of FFPs still requires future satellite missions, such as Roman and Earth 2.0, which can detect thousands of FFPs.

astro-ph.EP↗

arXiv2024

SDSS-IV MaNGA: Stellar rotational support in disk galaxies vs. central surface density and stellar population age

We investigate how the stellar rotational support changes as a function of spatially resolved stellar population age ($\rm D_n4000$) and relative central stellar surface density ($ΔΣ_1$) for MaNGA isolated/central disk galaxies. We find that the galaxy rotational support $λ_{R_\mathrm{e}}$ varies smoothly as a function of $ΔΣ_1$ and $\rm D_n4000$. $\rm D_n4000$ vs. $ΔΣ_1$ follows a "J-shape", with $λ_{R_\mathrm{e}}$ contributing to the scatters. In this "J-shaped" pattern rotational support increases with central $\rm D_n4000$ when $ΔΣ_1$ is low but decreases with $ΔΣ_1$ when $ΔΣ_1$ is high. Restricting attention to low-$ΔΣ_1$ (i.e, large-radius) galaxies, we suggest that the trend of increasing rotational support with $\rm D_n4000$ for these objects is produced by a mix of two different processes, a primary trend characterized by growth in $λ_{R_\mathrm{e}}$ along with mass through gas accretion, on top of which disturbance episodes are overlaid, which reduce rotational support and trigger increased star formation. An additional finding is that star forming galaxies with low $ΔΣ_1$ have relatively larger radii than galaxies with higher $ΔΣ_1$ at fixed stellar mass. Assuming that these relative radii rankings are preserved while galaxies are star forming then implies clear evolutionary paths in central $\rm D_n4000$ vs. $ΔΣ_1$. The paper closes with comments on the implications that these paths have for the evolution of pseudo-bulges vs. classical-bulges. The utility of using $\rm D_n4000$-$ΔΣ_1$ to study $λ_{R_\mathrm{e}}$ reinforces the notion that galaxy kinematics correlate both with structure and with stellar-population state, and indicates the importance of a multi-dimensional description for understanding bulge and galaxy evolution.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2024

The Aligned Orbit of a Hot Jupiter around the M Dwarf TOI-4201

Measuring the obliquities of stars hosting giant planets may shed light on the dynamical history of planetary systems. Significant efforts have been made to measure the obliquities of FGK stars with hot Jupiters, mainly based on observations of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect. In contrast, M dwarfs with hot Jupiters have hardly been explored, because such systems are rare and often not favorable for such precise observations. Here, we report the first detection of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect for an M dwarf with a hot Jupiter, TOI-4201, using the Gemini-North/MAROON-X spectrograph. We find TOI-4201 to be well-aligned with its giant planet, with a sky-projected obliquity of $λ=-3.0_{-3.2}^{+3.7}\ ^{\circ}$ and a true obliquity of $ψ=21.3_{-12.8}^{+12.5}\ ^{\circ}$ with an upper limit of $40^{\circ}$ at a 95% confidence level. The result agrees with dynamically quiet formation or tidal obliquity damping that realigned the system. As the first hot Jupiter around an M dwarf with its obliquity measured, TOI-4201b joins the group of aligned giant planets around cool stars ($T_{\rm eff}<6250\ K$), as well as the small but growing sample of planets with relatively high planet-to-star mass ratio ($M_p/M_\ast\gtrsim 3\times 10^{-3}$) that also appear to be mostly aligned.

astro-ph.EP↗

arXiv2024

MaNGA DynPop -- V. The dark-matter fraction versus stellar velocity dispersion relation and stellar initial mass function variations in galaxies: dynamical models and full spectrum fitting of integral-field spectroscopy

Using the final MaNGA sample of 10K galaxies, we investigate the dark matter fraction $f_{\rm DM}$ within one half-light radius $R_{\rm e}$ for about 6K galaxies with good kinematics spanning a wide range of morphologies and stellar velocity dispersion. We employ two techniques to estimate $f_{\rm DM}$: (i) Jeans Anisotropic Modelling (JAM), which performs dark matter decomposition based on stellar kinematics and (ii) comparing the total dynamical mass-to-light ratios $(M/L)_{\rm JAM}$ and $(M_{\ast}/L)_{\rm SPS}$ from Stellar Population Synthesis (SPS). We find that both methods consistently show a significant trend of increasing $f_{\rm DM}$ with decreasing $σ_{\rm e}$ and low $f_{\rm DM}$ at larger $σ_{\rm e}$. For 235 early-type galaxies with the best models, we explore the variation of stellar initial mass function (IMF) by comparing the stellar mass-to-light ratios from JAM and SPS. We confirm that the stellar mass excess factor $α_{\rm IMF}$ increases with $σ_{\rm e}$, consistent with previous studies that reported a transition from Chabrier-like to Salpeter IMF among galaxies. We show that the $α_{\rm IMF}$ trend cannot be driven by $M_{\ast}/L$ or IMF gradients as it persists when allowing for radial gradients in our model. We find no evidence for the total $M/L$ increasing toward the centre. We detect weak positive correlations between $α_{\rm IMF}$ and age, but no correlations with metallicity. We stack galaxy spectra according to their $α_{\rm IMF}$ to search for differences in IMF-sensitive spectral features (e.g. the $\rm Na_{\rm I}$ doublet). We only find marginal evidence for such differences, which casts doubt on the validity of one or both methods to measure the IMF.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2024

Relative Occurrence Rate Between Hot and Cold Jupiters as an Indicator to Probe Planet Migration

We propose a second-order statistic parameter $\varepsilon$, the relative occurrence rate between hot and cold Jupiters ($\varepsilon=η_{\rm HJ}/η_{\rm CJ}$), to probe the migration of gas giants. Since the planet occurrence rate is the combined outcome of the formation and migration processes, a joint analysis of hot and cold Jupiter frequency may shed light on the dynamical evolution of giant planet systems. We first investigate the behavior of $\varepsilon$ as the stellar mass changes observationally. Based on the occurrence rate measurements of hot Jupiters ($η_{\rm HJ}$) from the TESS survey and cold Jupiters ($η_{\rm CJ}$) from the CLS survey, we find a tentative trend (97% confidence) that $\varepsilon$ drops when the stellar mass rises from $0.8$ to $1.4\ M_\odot$, which can be explained by different giant planet growth and disk migration timescales around different stars. We carry out planetesimal and pebble accretion simulations, both of which could reproduce the results of $η_{\rm HJ}$, $η_{\rm CJ}$ and $\varepsilon$. Our findings indicate that the classical core accretion + disk migration model can explain the observed decreasing trend of $\varepsilon$. We propose two ways to increase the significance of the trend and verify the anti-correlation. Future works are required to better constrain $\varepsilon$, especially for M dwarfs and for more massive stars.

astro-ph.EP↗

arXiv2024

MaNGA DynPop -- VI. Matter density slopes from dynamical models of 6000 galaxies versus cosmological simulations: the interplay between baryonic and dark matter

We try to understand the trends in the mass density slopes as a function of galaxy properties. We use the results from the best Jeans Anisotropic Modelling (JAM) of the integral-field stellar kinematics for near 6000 galaxies from the MaNGA DynPop project, with stellar masses of $10^{9-12}\ {\rm M_{\odot}}$, including both early-type and late-type galaxies. We use the mass-weighted density slopes for the stellar $\overlineγ_*$, dark $\overlineγ_{\rm DM}$, and total $\overlineγ_{\rm T}$ mass from the MaNGA DynPop project. The $\overlineγ_{\rm T}$ approaches a constant value of 2.2 for high $σ_{\rm e}$ galaxies, and flattens for lg$(σ_{\rm e}/{\rm km\ s^{-1}})\lesssim2.3$, reaching 1.5 for lg$(σ_{\rm e}/{\rm km\ s^{-1}})\approx1.8$. The total and stellar slopes track each other tightly, with $\overlineγ_{\rm T}\approx\overlineγ_*-0.174$ over the full $σ_{\rm e}$ range. This confirms the dominance of stellar matter within $R_{\rm e}$. We also show that there is no perfect conspiracy between baryonic and dark matter, as $\overlineγ_*$ and $\overlineγ_{\rm DM}$ do not vary inversely within the $σ_{\rm e}$ range. We find that the central galaxies from TNG50 and TNG100 simulations do not reproduce the observed galaxy mass distribution, which we attribute to the overestimated dark matter fraction, possibly due to a constant IMF and excessive adiabatic contraction effects in the simulations. Finally, we present the stacked dark matter density profiles and show that they are slightly steeper than the pure dark matter simulation prediction of $\overlineγ_{\rm DM}\approx1$, suggesting moderate adiabatic contraction in the central region of galaxies. Our work demonstrate the power of stellar dynamics modelling for probing the interaction between stellar and dark matter and testing galaxy formation theories.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2024

Momentum power spectrum of SDSS galaxies by massE cosmic ruler: 2.1x improvement in measure of growth rate

Peculiar motion of galaxies probes the structure growth in the Universe. In this study we employ the galaxy stellar mass-binding energy (massE) relation with only two nuisance parameters to build the largest peculiar-velocity (PV) catalog to date, consisting of 229,890 ellipticals from the main galaxy sample (MGS) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We quantify the distribution of the massE-based distances in individual narrow redshift bins (dz=0.005), and then estimate the PV of each galaxy based on its offset from the Gaussian mean of the distribution. As demonstrated with the Uchuu-SDSS mock data, the derived PV and momentum power spectra are insensitive to accurate calibration of the massE relation itself, enabling measurements out to a redshift of 0.2, well beyond the current limit of z=0.1 using other galaxy scaling laws. We then measure the momentum power spectrum and demonstrate that it remains almost unchanged if varying significantly the redshift bin size within which the distance is measured, as well as the intercept and slope of the massE relation, respectively. By fitting the spectra using the perturbation theory model with four free parameters, fσ8 is constrained to fσ8 =0.459+0.068-0.069 over Δz=0.02-0.2, 0.416+0.074-0.076 over Δz=0.02-0.1 and 0.526+0.133-0.143 over Δz=0.1-0.2. The error of fσ8 is 2.1 times smaller than that by the redshift space distortion (RSD) of the same sample. A Fisher-matrix forecast illustrates that the constraint on fσ8 from the massE-based PV can potentially exceed that from the stage-IV RSD in late universe (z<0.5).

astro-ph.CO↗

arXiv2023

MaNGA DynPop -- IV. Stacked total density profile of galaxy groups and clusters from combining dynamical models of integral-field stellar kinematics and galaxy-galaxy lensing

We present the measurement of total and stellar/dark matter decomposed mass density profile around a sample of galaxy groups and clusters with dynamical masses derived from integral-field stellar kinematics from the MaNGA survey in Paper I and weak lensing derived from the DECaLS imaging survey. Combining the two data sets enables accurate measurement of the radial density distribution from several kpc to Mpc scales. Intriguingly, we find that the excess surface density derived from stellar kinematics in the inner region cannot be explained by simply adding an NFW dark matter halo extrapolated from lensing measurement at a larger scale to a stellar mass component derived from the NASA-Sloan Atlas (NSA) catalogue. We find that a good fit to both data sets requires a stellar mass normalization about 3 times higher than that derived from the NSA catalogue, which would require an unrealistically too-heavy initial mass function for stellar mass estimation. If we keep the stellar mass normalization to that of the NSA catalogue but allow a varying inner dark matter density profile, we obtain an asymptotic slope of $γ_{\rm gnfw}$= $1.82_{-0.25}^{+0.15}$ and $γ_{\rm gnfw}$= $1.48_{-0.41}^{+0.20}$ for the group bin and the cluster bin respectively, significantly steeper than the NFW case. We also compare the total mass inner density slopes with those from TNG300 and find that the values from the simulation are lower than the observation by about $2σ$ level.

astro-ph.GA↗