arXiv subjects

Siqi Yang

Publications and source records attributed to Siqi Yang.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

arXiv2025

Improved Hessian Method in Global Analysis of Parton Distribution Functions

The Hessian method is widely applied in the global analysis of parton distribution functions (PDFs), which uses a set of orthogonal eigenvectors to give predictions of a physical observable. Its uncertainty is estimated based on the assumption that all physical observables can be approximately expressed as linear functions of the non-perturbative parameters in PDF. In this article, we report an improved Hessian method which takes the non-linear effects into account in the uncertainty estimation. A pseudo global analysis is designed to numerically test the new method. The non-linear uncertainties can significantly enlarge the original linear ones. Such uncertainties can be reduced with high precision data introduced into the global analysis. However, the non-linear effect could still be sizable corresponding to the current precision of the experimental measurements.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2025

DocTron-Formula: Generalized Formula Recognition in Complex and Structured Scenarios

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) for mathematical formula is essential for the intelligent analysis of scientific literature. However, both task-specific and general vision-language models often struggle to handle the structural diversity, complexity, and real-world variability inherent in mathematical content. In this work, we present DocTron-Formula, a unified framework built upon general vision-language models, thereby eliminating the need for specialized architectures. Furthermore, we introduce CSFormula, a large-scale and challenging dataset that encompasses multidisciplinary and structurally complex formulas at the line, paragraph, and page levels. Through straightforward supervised fine-tuning, our approach achieves state-of-the-art performance across a variety of styles, scientific domains, and complex layouts. Experimental results demonstrate that our method not only surpasses specialized models in terms of accuracy and robustness, but also establishes a new paradigm for the automated understanding of complex scientific documents.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2025

PanoWan: Lifting Diffusion Video Generation Models to 360° with Latitude/Longitude-aware Mechanisms

Panoramic video generation enables immersive 360° content creation, valuable in applications that demand scene-consistent world exploration. However, existing panoramic video generation models struggle to leverage pre-trained generative priors from conventional text-to-video models for high-quality and diverse panoramic videos generation, due to limited dataset scale and the gap in spatial feature representations. In this paper, we introduce PanoWan to effectively lift pre-trained text-to-video models to the panoramic domain, equipped with minimal modules. PanoWan employs latitude-aware sampling to avoid latitudinal distortion, while its rotated semantic denoising and padded pixel-wise decoding ensure seamless transitions at longitude boundaries. To provide sufficient panoramic videos for learning these lifted representations, we contribute PanoVid, a high-quality panoramic video dataset with captions and diverse scenarios. Consequently, PanoWan achieves state-of-the-art performance in panoramic video generation and demonstrates robustness for zero-shot downstream tasks. Our project page is available at https://panowan.variantconst.com.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2025

A priori estimates and a blow-up criterion for the incompressible ideal MHD equations with surface tension and a closed free surface

We establish the a priori estimates and prove a blow-up criterion for the three-dimensional free boundary incompressible ideal magnetohydrodynamics equations. The fluid occupies a bounded region with a free boundary that is a closed surface, without assumptions of simple connectedness or periodicity of the region (thus, Fourier transforms cannot be applied), nor the graph assumption for the free boundary. The fluid is under the influence of surface tension, and flattening the boundaries using local coordinates is insufficient to resolve this problem. This is because local coordinates fail to preserve curvature, as the mean curvature of a flat boundary degenerates to zero. To address these challenges and circumvent the intricate issue of spatial regularity in Lagrangian coordinates, we utilize reference surfaces to represent the free boundary and develop new energy functionals that both preserve the material derivative and incorporate spatial-temporal scaling $\partial_t \sim \nabla^{\frac{3}{2}}$ in Eulerian coordinates. This method enables us to establish both low-order and high-order regularity estimates without any loss of regularity. More importantly, we prove a blow-up criterion and provide a complete classification of blow-ups, including the self-intersection of the free boundary (which the graph assumption cannot handle), the breakdown of the mean curvature, and the blow-up of the normal velocity (which Lagrangian coordinates fail to capture). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first result addressing the a priori estimates and the blow-up criterion for free boundary problems with surface tension in general regions.

math.AP↗

arXiv2025

UniViTAR: Unified Vision Transformer with Native Resolution

Conventional Vision Transformer simplifies visual modeling by standardizing input resolutions, often disregarding the variability of natural visual data and compromising spatial-contextual fidelity. While preliminary explorations have superficially investigated native resolution modeling, existing approaches still lack systematic analysis from a visual representation perspective. To bridge this gap, we introduce UniViTAR, a family of homogeneous vision foundation models tailored for unified visual modality and native resolution scenario in the era of multimodal. Our framework first conducts architectural upgrades to the vanilla paradigm by integrating multiple advanced components. Building upon these improvements, a progressive training paradigm is introduced, which strategically combines two core mechanisms: (1) resolution curriculum learning, transitioning from fixed-resolution pretraining to native resolution tuning, thereby leveraging ViT's inherent adaptability to variable-length sequences, and (2) visual modality adaptation via inter-batch image-video switching, which balances computational efficiency with enhanced temporal reasoning. In parallel, a hybrid training framework further synergizes sigmoid-based contrastive loss with feature distillation from a frozen teacher model, thereby accelerating early-stage convergence. Finally, trained exclusively on public datasets, externsive experiments across multiple model scales from 0.3B to 1B demonstrate its effectiveness.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2025

Relative difference between up and down quark structure of the proton

We presen a novel determination of the down-to-up composition ratio using the forward-backward asymmetry observed in the proton-proton collisions at the LHC. This method offers unique insights into the flavor-specific difference between down and up quarks, which are difficult to isolate in traditional cross-section measurements due to the inherent mixing of contributions from both flavors. In this study, we systematically measure the down-to-up quark ratio over a broad momentum fraction (x) range of 0.01 to 0.1, utilizing the sensitivity of the forward-backward asymmetry to quark-level couplings. Our findings reveal significant deviations in both the value and x-dependence of this ratio compared to predictions from current parton distribution functions (PDFs). These discrepancies highlight potential limitations in existing PDF parameterization and emphasize the importance of flavor-separated measurements for advancing our understanding of proton structure.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2025

A $p_T$-ratio observable for studies of intrinsic transverse momentum of partons from Drell-Yan $p_T$ spectra

The determination of the intrinsic transverse momentum distribution of partons is central both for applications of parton shower Monte Carlo generators and for QCD studies of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton densities. Valuable information on this distribution is provided by experimental measurements of Drell-Yan transverse momentum $p_T$, in the region of low transverse momenta, with fine binning in $p_T$. However, such fine-binning measurements are challenging, as they require an extremely delicate control of systematic uncertainties. We suggest a $p_T$ observable based on measuring ratios between cross sections of suitably defined low-$p_T$ and high-$p_T$ regions. This observable does not rely on any dedicated partition of bins and has lower systematic uncertainties, and is shown to provide a good sensitivity to the intrinsic transverse momentum.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2025

On the geometric Serre weight conjecture for Hilbert modular forms

Let $p$ be a prime, $F$ be a totally real field in which $p$ is unramified and $ρ: \mathrm{Gal}(\overline{F}/F)\rightarrow \mathrm{GL}_2(\overline{\mathbb{F}}_p)$ be a totally odd, irreducible, continuous representation. The geometric Serre weight conjecture formulated by Diamond and Sasaki can be viewed as a geometric variant of the Buzzard-Diamond-Jarvis conjecture, where they have the notion of geometric modularity in the sense that $ρ$ arises from a mod $p$ Hilbert modular form and algebraic modularity in the sense of Buzzard-Diamond-Jarvis. Diamond and Sasaki conjecture that if $ρ$ is geometrically modular of weight $(k,l)\in \mathbb{Z}^Σ_{\geq 2}\times\mathbb{Z}^Σ$ and $k$ lies in the minimal cone, then $ρ$ is algebraically modular of the same weight, where $Σ$ is the set of embeddings from $F$ into $\overline{\mathbb{Q}}$. We prove the conjecture without parity hypotheses for real quadratic fields $F$ in which $p \geq 5$ is inert, and for totally real fields $F$ in which $p \geq \min\{5, [F:\mathbb{Q}]\}$ totally splits.

math.NT↗

arXiv2024

Coarse-grained binning in Drell-Yan transverse momentum spectra

We report a study of the determination of the intrinsic transverse momentum of partons, the intrinsic $k_T$, from the dilepton transverse momentum $p_T$ in Drell-Yan (DY) production at hadron colliders. The result shows that a good sensitivity to the intrinsic $k_T$ distribution is achieved by measuring relative ratios between the cross sections of suitably defined low-$p_T$ and high-$p_T$ regions. The study is performed through both a pseudo-data test and an extraction from measurements of the DY process by the CMS collaboration. Since the methodology does not rely on any dedicated partition of bins, this $p_T$-ratio observable requires less special treatment in very low $p_T$ regions, and propagates lower systematic uncertainties induced from unfolding or momentum migration, in contrast with previous proposals of using a fine-binning measurement of the differential cross section.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2024

Unsupervised Cross-Domain Regression for Fine-grained 3D Game Character Reconstruction

With the rise of the ``metaverse'' and the rapid development of games, it has become more and more critical to reconstruct characters in the virtual world faithfully. The immersive experience is one of the most central themes of the ``metaverse'', while the reducibility of the avatar is the crucial point. Meanwhile, the game is the carrier of the metaverse, in which players can freely edit the facial appearance of the game character. In this paper, we propose a simple but powerful cross-domain framework that can reconstruct fine-grained 3D game characters from single-view images in an end-to-end manner. Different from the previous methods, which do not resolve the cross-domain gap, we propose an effective regressor that can greatly reduce the discrepancy between the real-world domain and the game domain. To figure out the drawbacks of no ground truth, our unsupervised framework has accomplished the knowledge transfer of the target domain. Additionally, an innovative contrastive loss is proposed to solve the instance-wise disparity, which keeps the person-specific details of the reconstructed character. In contrast, an auxiliary 3D identity-aware extractor is activated to make the results of our model more impeccable. Then a large set of physically meaningful facial parameters is generated robustly and exquisitely. Experiments demonstrate that our method yields state-of-the-art performance in 3D game character reconstruction.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2024

RiEMann: Near Real-Time SE(3)-Equivariant Robot Manipulation without Point Cloud Segmentation

We present RiEMann, an end-to-end near Real-time SE(3)-Equivariant Robot Manipulation imitation learning framework from scene point cloud input. Compared to previous methods that rely on descriptor field matching, RiEMann directly predicts the target poses of objects for manipulation without any object segmentation. RiEMann learns a manipulation task from scratch with 5 to 10 demonstrations, generalizes to unseen SE(3) transformations and instances of target objects, resists visual interference of distracting objects, and follows the near real-time pose change of the target object. The scalable action space of RiEMann facilitates the addition of custom equivariant actions such as the direction of turning the faucet, which makes articulated object manipulation possible for RiEMann. In simulation and real-world 6-DOF robot manipulation experiments, we test RiEMann on 5 categories of manipulation tasks with a total of 25 variants and show that RiEMann outperforms baselines in both task success rates and SE(3) geodesic distance errors on predicted poses (reduced by 68.6%), and achieves a 5.4 frames per second (FPS) network inference speed. Code and video results are available at https://riemann-web.github.io/.

cs.RO↗

arXiv2024

Exponential stability of a free boundary problem with spherical symmetry for a gas bubble immersed in a bounded incompressible liquid

This paper is mainly concerned with the free boundary problem for an approximate model (for example, arising from the study of sonoluminescence) of a gas bubble of finite mass enclosed within a bounded incompressible viscous liquid, accounting for surface tensions at both the gas-liquid interface and the external free surface of the entire gas-liquid region. It is found that any regular spherically symmetric steady-state solution is characterized by a positive root of a ninth-degree polynomial for which the existence and uniqueness are proved and a one-to-one correspondence between equilibria and pairs of gas mass and liquid volume is established. We prove that these equilibria exhibit nonlinear and exponential asymptotic stability under small perturbations that conserve gas mass and liquid volume, and an equilibrium solution acts as a local minimizer of the energy functional, even under relatively large perturbations, with the proportionality constant determined by the adiabatic constant. Moreover, we construct a global center manifold to apply the center manifold theory. Our results apply to gases and liquids of all sizes. Furthermore, we derive the optimal exponential decay rate for small liquid volumes by analyzing the spectrum bounds of the associated linear operator and show that decreasing the gas mass or increasing the temperature can accelerate the convergence rate, a behavior not seen in unbounded liquid scenarios.

math.AP↗

arXiv2024

Global well-posedness of the free boundary problem for incompressible viscous resistive MHD in critical Besov spaces

This paper aims to establish the global well-posedness of the free boundary problem for the incompressible viscous resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations. Under the framework of Lagrangian coordinates, a unique global solution exists in the half-space provided that the norm of the initial data in the critical homogeneous Besov space $\dot{B}_{p, 1}^{-1+N/p}(\mathbb{R}_{+}^N)$ is sufficiently small, where $p \in [N, 2N-1)$. Building upon prior work such as (Danchin and Mucha, J. Funct. Anal. 256 (2009) 881--927) and (Ogawa and Shimizu, J. Differ. Equations 274 (2021) 613--651) in the half-space setting, we establish maximal $L^{1}$-regularity for both the Stokes equations without surface stress and the linearized equations of the magnetic field with zero boundary condition. The existence and uniqueness of solutions to the nonlinear problems are proven using the Banach contraction mapping principle.

math.AP↗

arXiv2024

A Method for Parsing and Vectorization of Semi-structured Data used in Retrieval Augmented Generation

This paper presents a novel method for parsing and vectorizing semi-structured data to enhance the functionality of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) within Large Language Models (LLMs). We developed a comprehensive pipeline for converting various data formats into .docx, enabling efficient parsing and structured data extraction. The core of our methodology involves the construction of a vector database using Pinecone, which integrates seamlessly with LLMs to provide accurate, context-specific responses, particularly in environmental management and wastewater treatment operations. Through rigorous testing with both English and Chinese texts in diverse document formats, our results demonstrate a marked improvement in the precision and reliability of LLMs outputs. The RAG-enhanced models displayed enhanced ability to generate contextually rich and technically accurate responses, underscoring the potential of vector knowledge bases in significantly boosting the performance of LLMs in specialized domains. This research not only illustrates the effectiveness of our method but also highlights its potential to revolutionize data processing and analysis in environmental sciences, setting a precedent for future advancements in AI-driven applications. Our code is available at https://github.com/linancn/TianGong-AI-Unstructure.git.

cs.DB↗

arXiv2023

Measurement of the effective weak mixing angle at the CEPC

We present a study of the measurement of the effective weak mixing angle parameter ($\sin^2θ^{\ell}_\text{eff}$) at the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC). As a fundamental physics parameter, $\sin^2θ^{\ell}_\text{eff}$ plays a key role not only in the global test of the standard model electroweak sector, but also in constraining the potential beyond standard model new physics at high energy frontier. CEPC proposes a two year running period around the Z boson mass pole at high instataneous luminosity, providing a large data sample with $4\times 10^{12}$ $Z$ candidates generated in total. It allows a high precision measurement of $\sin^2θ^{\ell}_\text{eff}$ both in the lepton and quark final states, of which the uncertainty can be one order of magnitude lower than any previous measurement at the LEP, SLC, Tevatron and LHC. It will not only improve the overall precision of the $\sin^2θ^\ell_\text{eff}$ experimental determination to be comparable to the preicision of the theoretical calculation with two-loop radiative corrections, but also provide direct comparisons between different final states. In this paper, we also study the measurement of $\sin^2θ^{\ell}_\text{eff}$ at high mass region. With one month data taken, the precision of $\sin^2θ^{\ell}_\text{eff}$ measured at 130 GeV from $b$ quark final state is 0.00010, which will be an important experimental observation on the energy-running effect of $\sin^2θ^{\ell}_\text{eff}$.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2023

LongDanceDiff: Long-term Dance Generation with Conditional Diffusion Model

Dancing with music is always an essential human art form to express emotion. Due to the high temporal-spacial complexity, long-term 3D realist dance generation synchronized with music is challenging. Existing methods suffer from the freezing problem when generating long-term dances due to error accumulation and training-inference discrepancy. To address this, we design a conditional diffusion model, LongDanceDiff, for this sequence-to-sequence long-term dance generation, addressing the challenges of temporal coherency and spatial constraint. LongDanceDiff contains a transformer-based diffusion model, where the input is a concatenation of music, past motions, and noised future motions. This partial noising strategy leverages the full-attention mechanism and learns the dependencies among music and past motions. To enhance the diversity of generated dance motions and mitigate the freezing problem, we introduce a mutual information minimization objective that regularizes the dependency between past and future motions. We also address common visual quality issues in dance generation, such as foot sliding and unsmooth motion, by incorporating spatial constraints through a Global-Trajectory Modulation (GTM) layer and motion perceptual losses, thereby improving the smoothness and naturalness of motion generation. Extensive experiments demonstrate a significant improvement in our approach over the existing state-of-the-art methods. We plan to release our codes and models soon.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2023

Splash singularity for the free boundary incompressible viscous MHD

In this paper, we prove the existence of smooth initial data for the two-dimensional free boundary incompressible viscous magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations, for which the interface remains regular but collapses into a splash singularity (self-intersects in at least one point) in finite time. The existence of the splash singularities is guaranteed by a local existence theorem, in which we need suitable spaces for the modified magnetic field and modification of the velocity and the pressure such that the modified initial velocity is zero, and a stability result which allows us to construct a class of initial velocities and domains for an arbitrary initial magnetic field. It turns out that the presence of the magnetic field does not prevent the viscous fluid to form splash singularities for certain smooth initial data.

math.AP↗

arXiv2022

Report of the Topical Group on Electroweak Precision Physics and Constraining New Physics for Snowmass 2021

The precise measurement of physics observables and the test of their consistency within the standard model (SM) are an invaluable approach, complemented by direct searches for new particles, to determine the existence of physics beyond the standard model (BSM). Studies of massive electroweak gauge bosons (W and Z bosons) are a promising target for indirect BSM searches, since the interactions of photons and gluons are strongly constrained by the unbroken gauge symmetries. They can be divided into two categories: (a) Fermion scattering processes mediated by s- or t-channel W/Z bosons, also known as electroweak precision measurements; and (b) multi-boson processes, which include production of two or more vector bosons in fermion-antifermion annihilation, as well as vector boson scattering (VBS) processes. The latter categories can test modifications of gauge-boson self-interactions, and the sensitivity is typically improved with increased collision energy. This report evaluates the achievable precision of a range of future experiments, which depend on the statistics of the collected data sample, the experimental and theoretical systematic uncertainties, and their correlations. In addition it presents a combined interpretation of these results, together with similar studies in the Higgs and top sector, in the Standard Model effective field theory (SMEFT) framework. This framework provides a model-independent prescription to put generic constraints on new physics and to study and combine large sets of experimental observables, assuming that the new physics scales are significantly higher than the EW scale.

hep-ph↗