Searcharxiv⌕ Search

arXiv subjects

Stanislaw D. Glazek

Publications and source records attributed to Stanislaw D. Glazek.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2020

Gauge boson mass as regulator

Small-x divergences of Abelian gauge theory in the front form of Hamiltonian dynamics are regulated using a mass parameter for gauge bosons, introduced through a mechanism analogous to the spontaneous breaking of global gauge symmetry. A corresponding family of ultraviolet and infrared finite scale-dependent renormalized Hamiltonians, is calculable order-by-order using the renormalization group procedure for effective particles. The second-order terms described here suggest the magnitude of mass corrections that may be involved in resolving the small-x parton and front-form vacuum and zero-mode problems, assuming that the gauge boson mass that counts does not exceed the current upper bound on the photon mass.

hep-th↗
arXiv2020

Computation of effective front form Hamiltonians for massive Abelian gauge theory

Renormalization group procedure for effective particles (RGPEP) is applied in terms of a second-order perturbative computation to an Abelian gauge theory, as an example of application worth studying on the way toward derivation of a dynamical connection between the spectroscopy of bound states and their parton-model picture in the front form of Hamiltonian dynamics. In addition to the ultraviolet transverse divergences that are handled using the RGPEP in previously known ways, the small-x divergences are handled by introducing a mass parameter and a third polarization state for gauge bosons using a mechanism analogous to spontaneous breaking of global gauge symmetry, in a special limit that simplifies the theory to Soper's front form of massive QED. The resulting orders of magnitude of scales involved in the dynamics of effective constituents or partons in the simplified theory are identified for the fermion and boson mass counter terms, effective masses and self-interactions, as well as for the Coulomb-like effective interactions in bound states of fermions. Computations in orders higher than second are mentioned but not described in this article.

hep-th↗
arXiv2017

Ridge Production in High-Multiplicity Hadronic Ultra-Peripheral Proton-Proton Collisions

An unexpected result at the RHIC and the LHC is the observation that high-multiplicity hadronic events in heavy-ion and proton-proton collisions are distributed as two "ridges", approximately flat in rapidity and opposite in azimuthal angle. We propose that the origin of these events is due to the inelastic collisions of aligned gluonic flux tubes that underly the color confinement of the quarks in each proton. We predict that high-multiplicity hadronic ridges will also be produced in the high energy photon-photon collisions accessible at the LHC in ultra-peripheral proton-proton collisions or at a high energy electron-positron collider. We also note the orientation of the flux tubes between the quark and antiquark of each high energy photon will be correlated with the plane of the scattered proton or lepton. Thus hadron production and ridge formation can be controlled in a novel way at the LHC by observing the azimuthal correlations of the scattering planes of the ultra-peripheral protons with the orientation of the produced ridges. Photon-photon collisions can thus illuminate the fundamental physics underlying the ridge effect and the physics of color confinement in QCD.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2016

Effective particles in quantum field theory

The concept of effective particles is introduced in the Minkowski space-time Hamiltonians in quantum field theory using a new kind of the relativistic renormalization group procedure that does not integrate out high-energy modes but instead integrates out the large changes of invariant mass. The new procedure is explained using examples of known interactions. Some applications in phenomenology, including processes measurable in colliders, are briefly presented.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2016

Proton structure in high-energy high-multiplicity p-p collisions

A few-body proton image, expected to be derivable from QCD in the renormalization group procedure for effective particles, is used within the Monte Carlo Glauber model to calculate the anisotropy coefficients in the initial collision-state of matter in high-energy high-multiplicity proton-proton interaction events. We estimate the ridge-like correlations in the final hadronic state by assuming their proportionality to the initial collision-state anisotropy. In our estimates, some distinct few-body proton structures appear capable of accounting for the magnitude of p-p ridge effect, with potentially discernible differences in dependence on multiplicity.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2015

Manifestation of proton structure in the initial-state anisotropies in high-energy proton-proton collisions

Ridge-like correlations in high-energy proton-proton collisions reported by the CMS collaboration suggest a collective flow that resembles the one in heavy-ion collisions. If the hydrodynamic description is valid then the effect results from the initial anisotropy of the colliding matter which depends on the structure of protons. Following recent theoretical developments, we propose several phenomenological models of the proton structure and calculate the anisotropy coefficients using the Monte Carlo Glauber model. Our estimates suggest that the event multiplicity dependence allows one to discriminate between different proton models.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2015

Asymptotic freedom in the front-form Hamiltonian for quantum chromodynamics of gluons

Asymptotic freedom of gluons in QCD is obtained in the leading terms of their renormalized Hamiltonian in the Fock space, instead of considering virtual Green's functions or scattering amplitudes. Namely, we calculate the three-gluon interaction term in the front-form Hamiltonian for effective gluons in the Minkowski space-time using the renormalization group procedure for effective particles (RGPEP), with a new generator. The resulting three-gluon vertex is a function of the scale parameter, $s$, that has an interpretation of the size of effective gluons. The corresponding Hamiltonian running coupling constant, $g_λ$, depending on the associated momentum scale $λ= 1/s$, is calculated in the series expansion in powers of $g_0 = g_{λ_0}$ up to the terms of third order, assuming some small value for $g_0$ at some large $λ_0$. The result exhibits the same finite sensitivity to small-$x$ regularization as the one obtained in an earlier RGPEP calculation, but the new calculation is simpler than the earlier one because of a simpler generator. This result establishes a degree of universality for pure-gauge QCD in the RGPEP.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2014

Proton radius puzzle in Hamiltonian dynamics

Relativistic lepton-proton bound-state eigenvalue equations for Hamiltonians derived from quantum field theory using second-order renormalization group procedure for effective particles, are reducible to two-body Schroedinger eigenvalue equations with the effective Coulomb potential that exhibits a tiny sensitivity to the characteristic momentum-scale of the bound system. The scale dependence is shown to be relevant to the theoretical interpretation of precisely measured lepton-proton bound-state energy levels in terms of a 4 percent difference between the proton radii in muon-proton and electron-proton bound states.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2014

Calculation of size for bound-state constituents

Elements are given of a calculation that identifies the size of a proton in the Schroedinger equation for lepton-proton bound states, using the renormalization group procedure for effective particles (RGPEP) in quantum field theory, executed only up to the second order of expansion in powers of the coupling constant. Already in this crude approximation, the extraction of size of a proton from bound-state observables is found to depend on the lepton mass, so that the smaller the lepton mass the larger the proton size extracted from the same observable bound-state energy splitting. In comparison of Hydrogen and muon-proton bound-state dynamics, the crude calculation suggests that the difference between extracted proton sizes in these two cases can be a few percent. Such values would match the order of magnitude of currently discussed proton-size differences in leptonic atoms. Calculations using the RGPEP of higher order than second are required for a precise interpretation of the energy splittings in terms of the proton size in the Schroedinger equation. Such calculations should resolve the conceptual discrepancy between two conditions: that the renormalization group scale required for high accuracy calculations based on the Schroedinger equation is much smaller than the proton mass (on the order of a root of the product of reduced and average masses of constituents) and that the energy splittings due to the physical proton size can be interpreted ignoring corrections due to the effective nature of constituents in the Schrödinger equation.

hep-th↗
arXiv2014

21st Century Ergonomic Education, From Little e to Big E

Despite intense efforts, contemporary educational systems are not enabling individuals to function optimally in modern society. The main reason is that reformers are trying to improve systems that are not designed to take advantage of the centuries of history of the development of today's societies. Nor do they recognize the implications of the millions of years of history of life on earth in which humans are the latest edition of learning organisms. The contemporary educational paradigm of "education for all" is based on a 17th century model of "printing minds" for passing on static knowledge. This characterizes most of K-12 education. In contrast, 21st Century education demands a new paradigm, which we call Ergonomic Education. This is an education system that is designed to fit the students of any age instead of forcing the students to fit the education system. It takes into account in a fundamental way what students want to learn -- the concept "wanting to learn" refers to the innate ability and desire to learn that is characteristic of humans. The Ergonomic Education paradigm shifts to education based on coaching students as human beings who are hungry for productive learning throughout their lives from their very earliest days.

physics.ed-ph↗
arXiv2013

Fermion mass mixing in vacuum

Renormalization group procedure for effective particles (RGPEP) is applied to a theory of fermions that interact only through mass mixing terms in their Hamiltonian. Problems with virtual pair production in vacuum are avoided by using the front form of Hamiltonian dynamics. Masses and states of physical fermions emerge at the end of a calculation that is carried out exactly irrespective of the strength of the mass mixing terms. An a priori infinite set of renormalization group equations for all momentum modes of fermion quantum fields is reduced to just one equation for a two-by-two mass matrix. In distinction from scalars, fermions never become tachyons but appear chirally rotated when the mass mixing interaction term is sufficiently strong.

hep-th↗
arXiv2013

Fermion mass mixing and vacuum triviality in the renormalization group procedure for effective particles

Renormalization group procedure for effective particles is applied to the model quantum theory of free fermions to which one adds an interaction in the form of a mass mixing term. If one used a standard approach based on the instant form of dynamics, the theory would suffer from a generic vacuum problem caused by a divergent production of virtual quanta out of a bare vacuum and it would require an adjustment of its degrees of freedom to the added interaction term before quantization, considered a means of avoiding the quantum vacuum problem. In the effective particle approach, the quantum vacuum problem is dealt with instead by using the front form of dynamics, where the pair production is excluded by momentum conservation. The corresponding Hamiltonian includes mass parameters through constraint equations while the required quantum field operators are constructed independently of all mass parameters, including the parameters that appear in the added mass mixing interaction term. Then the masses and states of physical fermions emerge at an end of the non-perturbative calculation that is carried out entirely in one and the same interacting quantum theory with a trivial vacuum and no quantization adjustment. An a priori infinite set of renormalization group equations for all momentum modes of fermion fields is reduced to just one equation for a two-by-two mass squared matrix, thanks to 7 kinematical symmetries of the front form (the instant form has only 6). For strong mass mixing interactions, the fermion model solutions qualitatively differ from the analogous, earlier found boson model solutions by the absence of tachyons.

hep-th↗
arXiv2012

Estimate of resources required for a meaningful reform of education

A simple estimate in terms of currency units shows that a meaningful educational reform process can be launched and sustained over many generations of teachers with support of parents of students. In the estimate, the steady inflow of resources from parents provides support for advanced studies by teachers. Not to waste the resources on spurious activities, the estimated inflow proceeds directly from the parents as clients to the providers of required reform program. The providers are the experts in various disciplines who excel in helping teachers become great. Their services to teachers are ultimately assessed by parents on the basis of changes in behavior of children. The resulting reform program grows slowly from small seeds. The running cost of the reform process to parents appears surprisingly low while its development leads to the desired changes over time.

physics.ed-ph↗
arXiv2012

Renormalization group procedure for effective particles: elementary example of exact solution with finite mass corrections and no involvement of vacuum

Renormalization group procedure for effective particles in the front form of Hamiltonian dynamics is applied to an elementary quantum field theory for two species of particles mixed through a mass-like interaction term. The model interaction generates only finite terms and the procedure yields a whole family of equivalent effective theories. The exact solution for the family is found without involvement of the vacuum state in the dynamics. Physical spectrum is obtained at the end of the procedure in the form of free particles with definite masses. Since the procedure is designed in general terms, it could be used for the purpose of constructing effective dynamics also in other theories than the elementary model.

hep-th↗
arXiv2012

Perturbative formulae for relativistic interactions of effective particles

The concept of effective particles as degrees of freedom in a relativistic quantum field theory is defined using a non-perturbative renormalization group procedure for Hamiltonians. However, every candidate for a basic physical theory appears to require an initial perturbative search for the set of interaction terms that may provide a basis with which the full effective theory Hamiltonian could be constructed in a series of successive approximations. This article describes the required perturbative expansion and illustrates it with a set of general 4th-order formulae.

hep-th↗
arXiv2011

Hypothesis of quark binding by condensation of gluons in hadrons

Hypothesis of quark binding through condensation of gluons inside hadrons is formulated in the context of a renormalization group procedure for effective particles (RGPEP) in the light-front (LF) Hamiltonian approach to QCD. At the momentum scales of relative motion of hadronic constituents that are comparable with Lambda_QCD, the hypothetical boost-invariant constituent dynamics is identified using gauge symmetry. The resulting picture of mesons and baryons closely resembles constituent quark models with harmonic oscillator potentials, shares some features of AdS/QCD, and can be systematically studied using RGPEP in QCD.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2011

Reinterpretation of gluon condensate in dynamics of hadronic constituents

We describe an approximate quantum mechanical picture of hadrons in Minkowski space in the context of a renormalization group procedure for effective particles (RGPEP) in a light-front Hamiltonian formulation of QCD. The picture suggests that harmonic oscillator potentials for constituent quarks in lightest mesons and baryons may result from the gluon condensation inside hadrons, rather than from an omnipresent gluon condensate in vacuum. The resulting boost-invariant constituent dynamics at the renormalization group momentum scales comparable with Lambda_QCD, is identified using gauge symmetry and a crude mean-field approximation for gluons. Besides constituent quark models, the resulting picture also resembles models based on AdS/QCD ideas. However, our hypothetical picture significantly differs from the models by the available option for a systematic analysis in QCD, in which the new picture may be treated as a candidate for a first approximation. This option is outlined by embedding our presentation of the crude and simple hadron picture in the context of RGPEP and a brief outlook on hadron phenomenology. Several appendices describe elements of the formalism required for actual calculations in QCD, including an extension of RGPEP beyond perturbation theory.

hep-th↗