arXiv subjects

Stefano Vigni

Publications and source records attributed to Stefano Vigni.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Analytic rank one propagation in Hida families

Let $f$ be a non-CM newform of weight $k\geq4$, level $N$ and trivial Nebentypus. Let $p\nmid N$ be an odd prime number that is ordinary for $f$ and denote by $\boldsymbol f^{(p)}$ the $p$-adic Hida family passing through $f$. Assuming very specific instances of two general conjectures in arithmetic algebraic geometry (injectivity of $p$-adic Abel-Jacobi maps, positive definiteness of archimedean height pairings \`a la Gillet-Soul\'e), we prove that, for all but finitely many $p$ as above, if the analytic rank of $f$ is $1$, then all but finitely many specializations of $\boldsymbol f^{(p)}$ of even weight and trivial Nebentypus have analytic rank $1$. This result provides evidence for Greenberg's "minimality conjecture" on analytic ranks in families of modular forms.

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arXiv2026

Euler systems and the symmetric square of a Hida family

Let $p\geq7$ be a prime number. We build a non-trivial Euler system for the symmetric square of a $p$-adic Hida family of modular forms interpolating the Euler system constructed by Loeffler-Zerbes for the symmetric square of a $p$-ordinary newform. As a second contribution, we prove an algebraic functional equation for dual Selmer groups in this setting. Finally, building on recent work by B\"uy\"ukboduk-Ganguly on functional equations of algebraic (Rankin-Selberg) $p$-adic $L$-functions, we prove a divisibility result towards the Iwasawa main conjecture for the symmetric square of a Hida family.

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arXiv2026

Anticyclotomic Iwasawa main conjectures for modular forms

Let $f$ be a newform of even weight at least $4$, level $N$ and trivial character. Let $p\nmid N$ be an odd prime number that is ordinary for $f$ and let $K$ be an imaginary quadratic field satisfying a generalized Heegner hypothesis relative to $N$. In this paper, we prove (under mild arithmetic assumptions) Iwasawa main conjectures for $f$ over the anticyclotomic $\mathbb Z_p$-extension of $K$ both in the definite setting and in the indefinite setting (in the second case, we prove a main conjecture \`a la Perrin-Riou for modular forms). Our strategy of proof follows the approach of Bertolini-Darmon via congruences combined with our previous results on an analogue for $f$ of Kolyvagin's conjecture on the non-triviality of his $p$-adic system of derived Heegner points on elliptic curves. As a second contribution, when $p$ splits in $K$ we prove an Iwasawa-Greenberg main conjecture for the $p$-adic $L$-functions of Bertolini-Darmon-Prasanna and Brooks.

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arXiv2026

Higher Fitting ideals and the structure of anticyclotomic Shafarevich-Tate groups

Let $p$ be a prime number. We investigate a refined version of the Iwasawa main conjectures for rational elliptic curves (and more general Galois representations) over anticyclotomic $\mathbb Z_p$-extensions of imaginary quadratic fields, both in the definite and in the indefinite settings. In order to do this, we describe (under mild arithmetic assumptions) all the higher Fitting ideals of Pontryagin duals of Selmer and Shafarevich-Tate groups over anticyclotomic $\mathbb Z_p$-extensions in terms of the bipartite Euler systems introduced by Bertolini and Darmon. As an application of our work on Fitting ideals, we offer new results on the structure of (Pontryagin duals of) anticyclotomic Selmer and Shafarevich-Tate groups of elliptic curves.

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arXiv2025

On anticyclotomic Selmer groups of elliptic curves

Let $p\geq5$ be a prime number and let $K$ be an imaginary quadratic field where $p$ is unramified. Under mild technical assumptions, in this paper we prove the non-existence of non-trivial finite $\Lambda$-submodules of Pontryagin duals of signed Selmer groups of a $p$-supersingular rational elliptic curve over the anticyclotomic $\mathbb Z_p$-extension of $K$, where $\Lambda$ is the corresponding Iwasawa algebra. In particular, we work under the assumption that our plus/minus Selmer groups have $\Lambda$-corank $1$, so they are not $\Lambda$-cotorsion. Our main theorem extends to the supersingular case analogous non-existence results by Bertolini in the ordinary setting; furthermore, since we cover the case where $p$ is inert in $K$, we refine previous results of Hatley-Lei-Vigni, which deal with $p$-supersingular elliptic curves under the assumption that $p$ splits in $K$.

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arXiv2025

A generalized Rubin formula for Hecke characters

The goal of this paper is to generalize Rubin's theorem on values of Katz's $p$-adic $L$-function outside the range of interpolation from the case of Hecke characters of CM elliptic curves to more general self-dual algebraic Hecke characters. We follow the approach by Bertolini-Darmon-Prasanna, based on generalized Heegner cycles, which we extend from characters of imaginary quadratic fields of infinity type $(1,0)$ to characters of infinity type $(1+\ell,-\ell)$ for an integer $\ell\geq0$.

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arXiv2024

Kolyvagin's conjecture for modular forms

Our main result in this article is a proof (under mild technical assumptions) of an analogue for $p$-adic Galois representations attached to a newform $f$ of even weight $k\geq4$ of Kolyvagin's conjecture on the $p$-indivisibility of derived Heegner points on elliptic curves, where $p$ is a prime number that is ordinary for $f$. Our strategy, which is inspired by work of W. Zhang in weight $2$, is based on a variant for modular forms of the congruence method originally introduced by Bertolini-Darmon to prove one divisibility in the anticyclotomic Iwasawa main conjecture for rational elliptic curves. We adapt to higher (even) weight modular forms this approach via congruences, building crucially on results of Wang on the indivisibility of Heegner cycles over Shimura curves. Then we offer an application of our results on Kolyvagin's conjecture to the Tamagawa number conjecture for the motive of $f$ and describe other (standard) consequences on structure theorems for Bloch-Kato-Selmer groups, $p$-parity results and converse theorems for $f$. Since in the present paper we need $p>k+1$, our main theorem and its applications can be viewed as complementary to results obtained by the first and third authors in their article on the Tamagawa number conjecture for modular motives, where Kolyvagin's conjecture was proved (in a completely different way exploiting the arithmetic of Hida families) under the assumption that $k$ is congruent to $2$ modulo $2(p-1)$, which forces $p<k$. In forthcoming work, we will use results contained in this paper to prove (under analogous assumptions) the counterpart for an even weight newform $f$ of Perrin-Riou's Heegner point main conjecture for elliptic curves ("Heegner cycle main conjecture" for $f$).

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arXiv2023

On Shafarevich-Tate groups and analytic ranks in families of modular forms, II. Coleman families

This is the second article in a two-part project whose aim is to study algebraic and analytic ranks in $p$-adic families of modular forms. Let $f$ be a newform of weight $2$, square-free level $N$ and trivial character, let $A_f$ be the abelian variety attached to $f$, whose dimension will be denoted by $d_f$, and for every prime number $p\nmid N$ let $\boldsymbol f^{(p)}$ be a $p$-adic Coleman family through $f$ over a suitable open disc in the $p$-adic weight space. We prove that, for all but finitely many primes $p$ as above, if $A_f(\mathbb Q)$ has rank $r\in\{0,d_f\}$ and the $p$-primary part of the Shafarevich-Tate group of $A_f$ over $\mathbb Q$ is finite, then all classical specializations of $\boldsymbol f^{(p)}$ of weight congruent to $2$ modulo $2(p-1)$ and trivial character have finite $p$-primary Shafarevich-Tate group and $r/d_f$-dimensional image of the relevant $p$-adic étale Abel-Jacobi map. As a second contribution, assuming the non-degeneracy of certain height pairings à la Gillet-Soulé between Heegner cycles, we show that, for all but finitely many $p$, if $f$ has analytic rank $r\in\{0,1\}$, then all classical specializations of $\boldsymbol f^{(p)}$ of weight congruent to $2$ modulo $2(p-1)$ and trivial character have analytic rank $r$. This result provides some evidence for a conjecture of Greenberg on analytic ranks in families of modular forms.

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arXiv2023

On Shafarevich-Tate groups and analytic ranks in families of modular forms, I. Hida families

Let $f$ be a newform of weight $2$, square-free level and trivial character, let $A_f$ be the abelian variety attached to $f$ and for every good ordinary prime $p$ for $f$ let $\boldsymbol f^{(p)}$ be the $p$-adic Hida family through $f$. We prove that, for all but finitely many primes $p$ as above, if $A_f$ is an elliptic curve such that $A_f(\mathbb Q)$ has rank $1$ and the $p$-primary part of the Shafarevich-Tate group of $A_f$ over $\mathbb Q$ is finite then all specializations of $\boldsymbol f^{(p)}$ of weight congruent to $2$ modulo $2(p-1)$ and trivial character have finite ($p$-primary) Shafarevich-Tate group and $1$-dimensional image of the relevant $p$-adic étale Abel-Jacobi map. Analogous results are obtained also in the rank $0$ case. As a second contribution, with no restriction on the dimension of $A_f$ but assuming the non-degeneracy of certain height pairings à la Gillet-Soulé between Heegner cycles, we show that if $f$ has analytic rank $1$ then, for all but finitely many $p$, all specializations of $\boldsymbol f^{(p)}$ of weight congruent to $2$ modulo $2(p-1)$ and trivial character have analytic rank $1$. This result provides some evidence in rank $1$ and weight larger than $2$ for a conjecture of Greenberg predicting that the analytic ranks of even weight modular forms in a Hida family should be as small as allowed by the functional equation, with at most finitely many exceptions.

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arXiv2023

The Tamagawa number conjecture and Kolyvagin's conjecture for motives of modular forms

Assuming specific instances of two general conjectures in arithmetic algebraic geometry (bijectivity of $p$-adic regulator maps, injectivity of $p$-adic Abel-Jacobi maps), we prove several cases of the $p$-part of the Tamagawa number conjecture ($p$-TNC) of Bloch-Kato and Fontaine-Perrin-Riou for (homological) motives of modular forms of even weight $\geq4$ in analytic rank $1$. More precisely, we prove our results for a large class of newforms $f$ and prime numbers $p$ that are ordinary for $f$ and such that the weight of $f$ is congruent to $2$ modulo $2(p-1)$. Inspired by work of W. Zhang in weight $2$, the key ingredient in our strategy is an analogue for $p$-adic Galois representations attached to higher (even) weight newforms of Kolyvagin's conjecture on the $p$-indivisibility of derived Heegner points on elliptic curves, which we prove via a $p$-adic variation method exploiting the arithmetic of Hida families. Along the way, we also prove (under similar assumptions) the $p$-TNC for modular motives in analytic rank $0$ and the rationality conjecture of Beilinson and Deligne on the existence of zeta elements on the fundamental line in analytic ranks $0$ and $1$. Prior to this work, the only known results on (questions related to) the $p$-TNC for modular motives were in weight $2$ and analytic rank $\leq1$ and in even weight and analytic rank $0$. As further applications of our result on Kolyvagin's conjecture in higher weight, we deduce a structure theorem for Selmer groups, $p$-parity results, converse theorems and higher rank results for modular forms and modular motives.

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arXiv2020

$Λ$-submodules of finite index of anticyclotomic plus and minus Selmer groups of elliptic curves

Let $p$ be an odd prime and $K$ an imaginary quadratic field where $p$ splits. Under appropriate hypotheses, Bertolini showed that the Selmer group of a $p$-ordinary elliptic curve over the anticyclotomic $\mathbb Z_p$-extension of $K$ does not admit any proper $Λ$-submodule of finite index, where $Λ$ is a suitable Iwasawa algebra. We generalize this result to the plus and minus Selmer groups (in the sense of Kobayashi) of $p$-supersingular elliptic curves. In particular, in our setting the plus/minus Selmer groups have $Λ$-corank one, so they are not $Λ$-cotorsion. As an application of our main theorem, we prove results in the vein of Greenberg-Vatsal on Iwasawa invariants of $p$-congruent elliptic curves, extending to the supersingular case results for $p$-ordinary elliptic curves due to Hatley-Lei.

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arXiv2020

On Bloch-Kato Selmer groups and Iwasawa theory of $p$-adic Galois representations

A result due to R. Greenberg gives a relation between the cardinality of Selmer groups of elliptic curves over number fields and the characteristic power series of Pontryagin duals of Selmer groups over cyclotomic $\mathbb Z_p$-extensions at good ordinary primes $p$. We extend Greenberg's result to more general $p$-adic Galois representations, including a large subclass of those attached to $p$-ordinary modular forms of level $Γ_0(N)$ with $p\nmid N$.

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arXiv2016

Kolyvagin systems and Iwasawa theory of generalized Heegner cycles

Iwasawa theory of Heegner points on abelian varieties of GL_2 type has been studied by, among others, Mazur, Perrin-Riou, Bertolini and Howard. The purpose of this paper is to describe extensions of some of their results in which abelian varieties are replaced by the Galois cohomology of Deligne's p-adic representation attached to a modular form of even weight >2. In this setting, the role of Heegner points is played by higher-dimensional Heegner-type cycles that have been recently defined by Bertolini, Darmon and Prasanna. Our results should be compared with those obtained, via deformation-theoretic techniques, by Fouquet in the context of Hida families of modular forms.

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arXiv2015

Plus/minus Heegner points and Iwasawa theory of elliptic curves at supersingular primes

Let $E$ be an elliptic curve over $\mathbb Q$ and let $p\geq5$ be a prime of good supersingular reduction for $E$. Let $K$ be an imaginary quadratic field satisfying a modified "Heegner hypothesis" in which $p$ splits, write $K_\infty$ for the anticyclotomic $\mathbb Z_p$-extension of $K$ and let $Λ$ denote the Iwasawa algebra of $K_\infty/K$. By extending to the supersingular case the $Λ$-adic Kolyvagin method originally developed by Bertolini in the ordinary setting, we prove that Kobayashi's plus/minus $p$-primary Selmer groups of $E$ over $K_\infty$ have corank $1$ over $Λ$. As an application, when all the primes dividing the conductor of $E$ split in $K$, we combine our main theorem with results of Çiperiani and of Iovita-Pollack and obtain a "big O" formula for the $\mathbb Z_p$-corank of the $p$-primary Selmer groups of $E$ over the finite layers of $K_\infty/K$ that represents the supersingular counterpart of a well-known result for ordinary primes.

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arXiv2014

Iwasawa theory of Heegner cycles, I. Rank over the Iwasawa algebra

Iwasawa theory of Heegner points on abelian varieties of GL_2 type has been studied by, among others, Mazur, Perrin-Riou, Bertolini and Howard. The purpose of this paper, the first in a series of two, is to describe extensions of some of their results in which abelian varieties are replaced by the Galois cohomology of Deligne's p-adic representation attached to a modular form f of even weight >2. In this more general setting, the role of Heegner points is played by higher-dimensional Heegner cycles in the sense of Nekovář. In particular, we prove that the Pontryagin dual of a certain Bloch-Kato Selmer group associated with f has rank 1 over a suitable anticyclotomic Iwasawa algebra.

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arXiv2013

A refined Beilinson-Bloch conjecture for motives of modular forms

We propose a refined version of the Beilinson-Bloch conjecture for the motive associated with a modular form of even weight. This conjecture relates the dimension of the image of the relevant p-adic Abel-Jacobi map to certain combinations of Heegner cycles on Kuga-Sato varieties. We prove theorems in the direction of the conjecture and, in doing so, obtain higher weight analogues of results for elliptic curves due to Darmon.

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arXiv2012

Heegner points and Jochnowitz congruences on Shimura curves

Given a rational elliptic curve E, a suitable imaginary quadratic field K and a quaternionic Hecke eigenform g of weight 2 obtained from E by level raising such that the sign in the functional equation for L_K(E,s) (respectively, L_K(g,1)) is -1 (respectively, +1), we prove a ``Jochnowitz congruence'' between the algebraic part of L'_K(E,1) (expressed in terms of Heegner points on Shimura curves) and the algebraic part of L_K(g,1). This establishes a relation between Zhang's formula of Gross-Zagier type for central derivatives of L-series and his formula of Gross type for special values. Our results extend to the context of Shimura curves attached to division quaternion algebras previous results of Bertolini and Darmon for Heegner points on classical modular curves.

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arXiv2012

Vanishing of special values and central derivatives in Hida families

The theme of this work is the study of the Nekovář-Selmer group H^1_f(K,T) attached to a twisted Hida family T of Galois representations and a quadratic number field K. The results that we obtain have the following shape: if a twisted L-function of a suitable modular form in the Hida family has order of vanishing r at most 1 at the central critical point then the rank of H^1_f(K,T) as a module over a certain local Hida-Hecke algebra is equal to r. Under the above assumption, we also show that infinitely many twisted L-functions of modular forms in the Hida family have the same order of vanishing at the central critical point. Our theorems extend to more general arithmetic situations results obtained by Howard when K is an imaginary quadratic field and all the primes dividing the tame level of the Hida family split in K.

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