arXiv subjects

Sunil D. Maharaj

Publications and source records attributed to Sunil D. Maharaj.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

arXiv2019

On Properties of Expansion-free Dynamical Stars

We study the geometrical and dynamical features of expansion-free dynamical stars in general relativity. Such stars can exist only if particular physical and geometric conditions are satisfied. Firstly, for trapping to exist in an expansion-free dynamical star, the star must accelerate and radiate simultaneously. If either are zero, then the shear $Sigma$ must be zero through out the star, in which case the star is static ($Θ=Σ=0$). Secondly, we prove that with nonzero acceleration and radiation expansion-free dynamical stars must be conformally flat.

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arXiv2019

Conformal symmetries in generalised Vaidya spacetimes

In this paper we excavate, for the first time, the most general class of conformal Killing vectors, that lies in the two dimensional subspace described by the null and radial co-ordinates, that are admitted by the generalised Vaidya geometry. Subsequently we find the most general class of generalised Vaidya mass functions that give rise to such conformal symmetry. From our analysis it is clear that why some well known subclasses of generalised Vaidya geometry, like pure Vaidya or charged Vaidya solutions, admit only homothetic Killing vectors but no proper conformal Killing vectors with non constant conformal factors. We also study the gravitational collapse of generalised Vaidya spacetimes that posses proper conformal symmetry to show that if the central singularity is naked then in the vicinity of the central singularity the spacetime becomes almost self similar. This study definitely sheds new light on the geometrical properties of generalised Vaidya spacetimes.

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arXiv2018

Shadow of charged wormholes in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory

The study of shadow is quite prominent nowadays because of the ongoing Event Horizon Telescope\footnote{https://eventhorizontelescope.org/} observations. We construct the shadow images of charged wormholes in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton (EMD) theory. The spacetime metric of the charged wormholes contains three charges: magnetic charge $P$, electric charge $Q$, and dilaton charge $Σ$. We evaluate the photon geodesics around the charged wormholes. We also calculate the effective potential and discuss its behavior with angular momentum $L$ and different values of charges $P$, $Q$, and $Σ$. A study of the shadow of charged wormholes reveals that the shadow has an effect of the charges $P$ and $Q$. The radius of the shadow increases with the magnetic charge $P$ as well as the electric charge $Q$. We also find that the dilaton charge does not affect the shadow of the charged wormholes.

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arXiv2018

Conformal Symmetries of Locally Rotationally Symmetric Spacetimes

In this paper we investigate conformal symmetries in Locally Rotationally Symmetric (LRS) spacetimes using a semitetrad covariant formalism. We demonstrate that a general LRS spacetime which rotates and spatially twists simultaneously has an inherent homothetic symmetry in the plane spanned by the fluid flow lines and the preferred spatial direction. We discuss the nature and consequence of this homothetic symmetry showing that a null Killing horizon arises when the heat flux has an extremal value. We also consider the special case of a perfect fluid and the restriction on the conformal geometry.

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arXiv2018

Lovelock black holes surrounded by quintessence

Lovelock gravity consisting of the dimensionally continued Euler densities is a natural generalization of general relativity to higher dimensions such that equations of motion are still second order, and the theory is free of ghosts. A scalar field with a positive potential that yields an accelerating universe has been termed quintessence. We present exact black hole solutions in $D$-dimensional Lovelock gravity surrounded by quintessence matter and also perform a detailed thermodynamical study. Further, we find that the mass, entropy, and temperature of the black hole are corrected due to the quintessence background. In particular, we find that phase transition occurs with divergence of heat capacity at the critical horizon radius, and that specific heat becomes positive for $r_h<r_c$ allowing the black hole to become thermodynamically stable.

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arXiv2017

Rotating and spatially twisting Locally Rotationally Symmetric Spacetimes in f(R)-Gravity: a No-Go theorem

Recently, in a series of papers, we established the existence and found a general solution for the simultaneously rotating and twisting locally rotationally symmetric spacetimes in general relativity, which can model inhomogeneous and dynamic astrophysical bodies. However, these spacetimes necessarily require imperfect fluids with entropy flux. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate the existence of these spacetimes in generic f(R)-gravity models, where the entropy flux is generated purely by higher order curvature effects, while the standard matter still remains a perfect fluid. However, we transparently demonstrate here, that the symmetries of these spacetimes force the theory to be general relativity. This is a novel study that shows how the geometrical properties of a spacetime can be used to restrict the theories of gravity.

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arXiv2017

Quintessence background for $5D$ Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black holes

As we know that the Lovelock theory is an extension of the general relativity to the higher-dimensions, in this theory the first and the second order terms correspond to the general relativity and the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity, respectively. We obtain a $5D$ black hole solution in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity surrounded by the quintessence matter, and also analyze their thermodynamical properties. Owing to the quintessence corrected black hole, the thermodynamic quantities have also been corrected except for the black hole entropy, and phase transition is achievable. The phase transition for the thermodynamic stability, is characterized by a discontinuity in the specific heat at $r=r_C$, with the stable (unstable) branch for $r < (>) r_C$.

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arXiv2017

Rotating and twisting locally rotationally symmetric spacetimes: a general solution

In this paper we derive a general solution for the most general rotating and twisting locally rotationally symmetric spacetimes. This is achieved in three steps. First we decompose the manifold via 1+1+2 semi-tetrad formalism that yields a set of geometrical and thermodynamic scalars for the spacetime. We then recast the Einstein field equations in terms of evolution and propagation of these scalars. It is then shown that this class of spacetimes must possess self similarity and we use this property to solve for these scalars, thus obtaining a general solution. This solution has a number of very interesting cosmological or astrophysical consequences which we discuss in detail.

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arXiv2017

New Exact Solutions for a Chiral Cosmological Model in 5D EGB Gravity

We consider a chiral cosmological model in the framework of Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet cosmology. Using a decomposition of the latter equations in such a way that the first chiral field is responsible for the Einstein part of the model, while the second field together with the kinetic interaction is connected with the Gauss--Bonnet part of the theory, we find new exact solutions for the 2-component chiral cosmological model with and without the kinetic interaction between fields.

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arXiv2017

Echoes from the black holes: Evidence of higher order corrections to General Relativity in strong gravity regime

We show that the higher order curvature corrections to general relativity in the strong gravity regime of near horizon scales produce a rapidly oscillating and infalling Ricci scalar fireball just outside the horizon. This can generate the ringdown modes of gravitational waves having the same natural frequency as those which are generated by the black hole mergers. Our analysis provides a viable explanation to the echoes in the ringdown modes recently detected from the LIGO data, without invoking the existence of any exotic structures at the horizon.

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arXiv2016

Scalar wave scattering from Schwarzschild black holes in modified gravity

We consider the scattering of gravitational waves off a Schwarzschild black hole in $f(R)$ gravity. We show that the reflection and transmission coefficients for tensor waves are the same as in General Relativity. While the scalar waves, which are not present in General Relativity, demonstrate interesting features. The equation that governs these scalar waves can be reduced to a Volterra integral equation. Analysis of this equation shows that a larger fraction of these waves are reflected compared to what one obtains for tensors. This may provide a novel observational signature for fourth order gravity.

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arXiv2016

New class of LRS spacetimes with simultaneous rotation and spatial twist

We establish the existence and find the necessary and sufficient conditions for a new class of solutions of Locally Rotationally Symmetric spacetimes that have non vanishing rotation and spatial twist simultaneously. We transparently show that the existence of such solutions demand non vanishing and bounded heat flux and these solutions are self similar. We provide a brief algorithm indicating how to solve the system of field equations with the given Cauchy data on an initial spacelike Cauchy surface. Finally we argue that these solutions can be used as a first approximation from spherical symmetry to study rotating, inhomogeneous, dynamic and radiating astrophysical stars.

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arXiv2016

Conformally symmetric relativistic star

We investigate whether compact stars having Tolman-like interior geometry admit conformal symmetry. Taking anisotropic pressure along the two principal directions within the compact object, we obtain physically relevant quantities such as transverse and radial pressure, density and redshift function. We study the equation of state for the matter distribution inside the star. From the relation between pressure and density function of the constituent matter, we explore the nature and properties of the interior matter. The red shift function, compactness parameter are found to be physically reasonable. The matter inside the star satisfies the null, weak and strong energy conditions. Finally, we compare the masses and radii predicted from the model with corresponding values in some observed stars.

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arXiv2016

Notes on Cosmic Censorship Conjecture revisited: Covariantly

In this paper we study the dynamics of the trapped region using a frame independent semi-tetrad covariant formalism for general Locally Rotationally Symmetric (LRS) class II spacetimes. We covariantly prove some important geometrical results for the apparent horizon, and state the necessary and sufficient conditions for a singularity to be locally naked. These conditions bring out, for the first time in a quantitative and transparent manner, the importance of the Weyl curvature in deforming and delaying the trapped region during continual gravitational collapse, making the central singularity locally visible.

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arXiv2015

Exact EGB models for spherical static perfect fluids

We obtain a new exact solution to the field equations in the EGB modified theory of gravity for a 5-dimensional spherically symmetric static distribution. By using a transformation, the study is reduced to the analysis of a single second order nonlinear differential equation. In general the condition of pressure isotropy produces a first order differential equation which is an Abel equation of the second kind. An exact solution is found. The solution is examined for physical admissability. In particular a set of constants is found which ensures that a pressure-free hypersurface exists which defines the boundary of the distribution. Additionally the isotropic pressure and the energy density are shown to be positive within the radius of the sphere. The adiabatic sound speed criterion is also satisfied within the fluid ensuring a subluminal sound speed. Furthermore, the weak, strong and dominant conditions hold throughout the distribution. On setting the Gauss-Bonnet coupling to zero, an exact solution for 5-dimensional perfect fluids in the standard Einstein theory is obtained. Plots of the dynamical quantities for the Gauss-Bonnet and the Einstein case reveal that the pressure is unaffected while the the energy density increases under the influence of the Gauss-Bonnet term.

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arXiv2015

Relativistic stars with polytropic equation of state

We consider the Einstein-Maxwell system of equations in the context of isotropic coordinates for matter distributions with anisotropy in the presence of an electric field. We assume a polytropic equation of state for the matter configuration. New classes of exact solutions are generated for different polytropic indices. The model is well behaved and we can regain masses of several observed objects, in particular we obtain the mass of the star PSR J1903+327.

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arXiv2015

Compact stars with quadratic equation of state

We provide new exact solutions to the Einstein-Maxwell system of equations for matter configurations with anisotropy and charge. The spacetime is static and spherically symmetric. A quadratic equation of state is utilised for the matter distribution. By specifying a particular form for one of the gravitational potentials and the electric field intensity we obtain new exact solutions in isotropic coordinates. In our general class of models, an earlier model with a linear equation of state is regained. For particular choices of parameters we regain the masses of the stars PSR J1614-2230, 4U 1608-52, PSR J1903+0327, EXO 1745-248 and SAX J1808.4-3658. A comprehensive physical analysis for the star PSR J1903+0327 reveals that our model is reasonable.

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arXiv2015

Compact stars with linear equation of state in isotropic coordinates

We present a new class of spherically symmetric spacetimes for matter distributions with anisotropic pressures in the presence of an electric field. The equation of state for the matter distribution is linear. A class of new exact solutions is found to the Einstein-Maxwell system of equations with an isotropic form of the line element. We achieve this by specifying particular forms for one of the gravitational potentials and the electric field intensity. We regain the masses of the stars PSR J1614-2230, Vela X-1, PSR J1903+327, 4U 1820-30 and SAX J1808.4-3658 for particular parameter values. A detailed physical analysis for the star PSR J1614-2230 indicates that the model is well behaved.

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