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Swapnika Dulam

Publications and source records attributed to Swapnika Dulam.

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Learning a Vector-Symbolic Model for Socio-Cultural Tasks

How can we better represent the impact of sociocultural structures on decision making in computational cognitive models? Modeling this impact requires traversing multiple levels of semantic representation, however it is not immediately clear to a modeler which levels of representation are most salient to a given situation. Though large language models and cognitively grounded corpus models can represent broad semantic associations through co-occurences, the role of self representations in memory should be accounted for to determine how cultural associations shape decision making. We propose a declarative memory system to be used in the ACT-R cognitive architecture that represents semantic associations at multiple levels via a vector-symbolic autoencoder. We use a simple HRR operation to encode episodic memories differently from semantic memory vectors extracted from text to produce a final chunk activation for a memory request. We use ACT-R cognitive models of a racially contextualized implicit association test (IAT) to test this new declarative memory system.

cs.CL

Computational Cognitive Modeling to understand the effects of Racializing AI on Human-AI cooperation with PigChase Task

Despite the continued anthropomorphization of AI systems, the potential impact of racialization during human-AI interaction is understudied. This study explores how human-AI cooperation may be impacted by the belief that data used to train an AI system is racialized, that is, it was trained on data from a specific group of people. During this study, participants completed a human-AI cooperation task using the Pig Chase game. Participants of different self-identified demographics interacted with AI agents whose perceived racial identities were manipulated, allowing us to assess how sociocultural perspectives influence the decision-making of participants in the game. After the game, participants completed a survey questionnaire to explain the strategies they used while playing the game and to understand the perceived intelligence of their AI teammates. Statistical analysis of task behavior data revealed a statistically significant effect of the participant's demographic, as well as the interaction between this self-identified demographic and the treatment condition (i.e., the perceived demographic of the agent). The results indicated that Non-White participants viewed AI agents racialized as White in a positive way compared to AI agents racialized as Black. Both Black and White participants viewed the AI agent in the control treatment in a negative way. A baseline cognitive model of the task using ACT-R cognitive architecture was used to understand a cognitive-level, process-based explanation of the participants' perspectives based on results found from the study. This model helps us better understand the factors affecting the decision-making strategies of the game participants. Results from analysis of these data, as well as cognitive modeling, indicate a need to expand understanding of the ways racialization (whether implicit or explicit) impacts interaction with AI systems.

cs.HC