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T. A. Fatkhullin

Publications and source records attributed to T. A. Fatkhullin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2025

The Optical Study of the Eclipsing Polar SDSS J002637.06+242915.6

We have analyzed phase-resolved photometric and spectroscopic observations of the eclipsing polar SDSS J002637.06+242915.6. The light curve has a M-shaped bright phase that was reproduced using a simple model of an accreting magnetic white dwarf. The hydrogen emission lines exhibit a narrow component formed on the irradiated hemispere of the donor. The Doppler tomography revealed differences in the positions of emission regions of hydrogen and HeII $λ$4686 lines. The spectra exhibit a Zeeman absorption triplet of the H$α$ line, formed in the cold halo around the accretion spot at a magnetic field strength of $B = 15.1 \pm 1.3$ MG. The spectra of the bright phase have a red cyclotron continuum, whose orbital variability has been interpreted within a simple model of an accretion spot. The modeling of the cyclotron continuum constrains the white dwarf's magnetic field to $B_{cyc} \lesssim 45$ MG. The analysis of the eclipse light curve and the radial velocities of the irradiated hemisphere yielded estimates for the orbital inclination $77.2^\circ \le i \le 80.6^\circ$, the mass ratio $0.23 \le q \le 0.43$, and the white dwarf mass $0.72 \ge M_1/M_\odot \ge 0.42$.

astro-ph.HE↗
arXiv2025

Gaia 19cwm -- an eclipsing dwarf nova of WZ Sge type with a magnetic white dwarf

The spectral and photometric studies of the cataclysmic variable Gaia 19cwm (or ZTF19aamkwxk) have been performed. Based on the analysis of long-term variability, it is concluded that the object belongs to WZ Sge type stars. The light curves show eclipses recurring with an orbital period of $86.32048 \pm 0.00005$ min, as well as an out-of-eclipse variability with a period of $\approx 6.45$ min. The latter period is stable for $\sim 4$ years and appears to correspond to the rotation of a magnetic white dwarf, i.e., Gaia 19cwm is an intermediate polar. The Gaia 19cwm spectra show photospheric lines of the white dwarf, and Doppler tomograms demonstrate the presence of an accretion disk and a hot spot. Analysis of the eclipse light curve gives an estimates of the white dwarf mass $M_1 = 0.66\pm0.06$ M$_{\odot}$, the donor mass $M_2 = 0.073 \pm 0.015$ M$_{\odot}$, and the orbital inclination $i=83.8 \pm 1.1^{\circ}$. Modeling of the spectral energy distribution gives the white dwarf temperature of $T_{eff}\approx 13000 $ K. The X-ray luminosity $L_X = (1.6 \pm 0.3) \times 10^{31}$ erg/s allows to assign Gaia 19cwm to a small group of low-luminosity intermediate polars.

astro-ph.SR↗
arXiv2024

Multiwavelength variability of the blazar AO 0235+164

We present a study of the multiwavelength (MW) variability of the blazar AO 0235+164 based on the radio-to-$γ$-ray data covering a long time period from 1997 to 2023. The radio data are represented by the 1-22 GHz measurements from the RATAN-600 radio telescope, the 5 and 8 GHz data from the RT-32 telescopes, and the 37 GHz data from the RT-22 telescope. The optical measurements in the $R$-band were collected with the 1-m Zeiss-1000 and 0.5-m AS-500/2 telescopes. Additionally we used the archive data at 230~GHz from the SMA and the $γ$-ray data in the 0.1-100 GeV band from the Fermi-LAT point source 4FGL-DR2 catalogue. The variability properties during four epochs containing major flares and one epoch of relatively low activity were analysed. A significant correlation ($\geq\!2σ$) between the radio, optical, and $γ$-ray bands is found for all these periods with time delays from 0 to 1.7 yrs. The relation between time delay and frequency is described by a linear law with a negative slope of -10 day/GHz. The discovered properties of MW variability for the low activity period and for flaring states suggest that the mechanisms dominating the radio-$γ$-ray variations are not substantially different. The detected quasi-periodic oscillations of about 6 and 2 years are tentative, as the time span of the observations includes fewer than 4 full cycles for the radio and optical data and only about 3 cycles for the Fermi-LAT data. The physical parameters of the radio jet were obtained using the Hedgehog model applied to the average radio spectrum of AO 0235+164 in the range 0.1-300 GHz. The effectiveness of replacing electrons with protons in the synchrotron radio emission of relativistic jets is shown for describing the nature of blazars and the generation of high energy neutrinos.

astro-ph.HE↗
arXiv2024

Catalog of variable stars in the WD 0009+501 and GRW +708247 fields based on photometric survey data on transiting exoplanets

We present a catalog of 150 variable stars, including 13 stars with exoplanet candidates. 37 stars were identified as variables for the first time. As a result of a 2.5-year photometric survey of exoplanets, we have obtained and analyzed light curves for almost 50 thousand stars in fields around white dwarfs WD 0009+501 and GRW +708247. Here we describe observations and data processing, the search for variable stars, their cross-identification with other catalogs and classification. The catalog is published in open access and contains the primary classification of variability, light curves and their parameters.

astro-ph.SR↗
arXiv2024

Optical and Radio Variability of the Blazar S4 0954+658

We present an optical-to-radio study of the BL Lac object S4 0954+658 observations during 1998-2023. The measurements were obtained with the SAO RAS Zeiss-1000 1-m and AS-500/2 0.5-m telescopes in 2003-2023, with the RATAN-600 radio telescope at 1.25 (0.96, 1.1), 2.3, 4.7 (3.7, 3.9), 8.2 (7.7), 11.2, 22.3 (21.7) GHz in 1998-2023, with the IAA RAS RT-32 Zelenchukskaya and Badary telescopes at 5.05 and 8.63 GHz in 2020--2023, and with the RT-22 single-dish telescope of CrAO RAS at 36.8 GHz in 2009-2023. In this period the blazar had been showing extremely high broadband activity with the variability amplitude of flux densities up to 70-100% both in the optical and radio domains. In the period of 2014-2023 the blazar had been showing the historically highest activity in the radio wavelengths, and we detected multiple radio flares of varying amplitude and duration. The large flares last on average from 0.3 to 1 year at 22-36.8 GHz and slightly longer at 5-11.2 GHz. The optical flares are shorter and last 7-50 days. In the most active epoch of 2018-2023 the characteristic time scale $τ$ of variation at 5-22 GHz is about 100 days and about 1000 days for the state with lower activity in 2009-2014. We found a general correlation between the optical, radio, and $γ$-ray flux variations, which suggests that we observe the same photon population from different emission regions. We estimated linear size of this region as 0.5-2 pc for different epochs. A broadband two components radio spectrum of S4 0954+658 jet was modelled by using both electrons and protons as emitting particles. It is shown that the synchrotron radio waves in this AGN may be generated by relativistic protons.

astro-ph.HE↗
arXiv2023

Eight exoplanet candidates in SAO survey

Here we present eight new candidates for exoplanets detected by the transit method at the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Photometric observations were performed with a 50-cm robotic telescope during the second half of 2020. We detected transits with depths of $Δm = 0.056-0.173^m$ and periods $P = 18.8^h-8.3^d$ in the light curves of stars with magnitudes of $m = 14.3-18.8^m$. All considered stars are classified as dwarfs with radii of $R_* = 0.4-0.6 R_{sun}$ (with the uncertainty for one star up to $1.1 R_{sun}$). We estimated the candidate radii (all are greater than 1.4 times the Jovian radius), semi-major axes of their orbits ($0.012-0.035 AU$), and other orbital parameters by modelling. We report the light curves with transits for two stars obtained in 2022 based on individual observations.

astro-ph.EP↗
arXiv2022

Exoplanet two square degree survey with SAO RAS robotic facilities

We used the 0.5-m robotic telescopes located at the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences for monitoring two square degrees of the sky with the aim of detecting new exoplanets. A dimming of the visible brightness is expected due to the exoplanets transiting their host stars. We analyzed about 25000 raw images of stars taken in the period between August 2020 and January 2021 and plotted the light curves for about 30000 stars on a half-year timescale. Five newly discovered exoplanet candidates are being investigated to determine their transit event parameters. We also present the light curves for dozens of binary stars.

astro-ph.EP↗
arXiv2020

Possibilities of Using Middle-Band Filters to Search for Polar Candidates

We present a method for searching for polar candidates using mid-band filters. One of the spectral singularities of polars is the $HeII \lambda4686$Å~ strong emission line. We selected the Edmund Optics filters with central wavelengths of 470, 540, and 656 nm and a transmission bandwidth of 10 nm. These filters cover the regions of the $HeII \lambda4686$Å~ line, continuum, and the $H_α$ line respectively. We constructed a color diagram based on the available spectra of polars and objects with a zero redshift from the SDSS archive. We show that most polars make a group with unique color indices. In practice, the method is implemented in SAO RAS at the Zeiss-1000 telescope with a new multi-mode photometer-polarimeter (MMPP). Approbation of the method with the known polars allowed us to develop two criteria to select candidates with an efficiency of up to 75\%.

astro-ph.SR↗
arXiv2017

On the incidence of MgII absorbers along the blazar sightlines

It is widely believed that the cool gas clouds traced by MgII absorption, within a velocity offset of 5000 km/s relative to the background quasar are mostly associated with the quasar itself, whereas the absorbers seen at larger velocity offsets towards us are intervening absorber systems and hence their existence is completely independent of the background quasar. Recent evidence by Bergeron et al. (2011, hereinafter BBM) has seriously questioned this paradigm, by showing that the number density of intervening MgII absorbers towards the 45 blazars in their sample is nearly 2 times the expectation based on the MgII absorption systems seen towards normal QSOs. Given its serious implications, it becomes important to revisit this finding, by enlarging the blazar sample and subjecting it to an independent analysis. Here, we first report the outcome of our re-analysis of the available spectroscopic data for the BBM sample itself. Our analysis of the BBM sample reproduces their claimed factor of 2 excess of dN/dz along blazar sightlines, vis-a-vis normal QSOs. We have also assembled a ~3 times larger sample of blazars, albeit with moderately sensitive optical spectra. Using this sample together with the BBM sample, our analysis shows that the dN/dz of the MgII absorbers statistically matches that known for normal QSO sightlines. Further, the analysis indicates that associated absorbers might be contributing significantly to the estimated dN/dz upto offset speeds Δv ~0.2c relative to the blazar.

astro-ph.GA↗
arXiv2016

Luminous Red Nova 2015 in the Galaxy M101

We present the results of the study of the red nova PSN J14021678+5426205 based on the observations carried out with the Russian 6-m telescope (BTA) along with other telescopes of SAO RAS and SAI MSU. To investigate the nova progenitor, we used the data from the Digital Sky Survey and amateur photos available on the internet. In the period between April 1993 and July 2014, the brightness of the progenitor gradually increased by 2.2 mag in the V band. At the peak of the first outburst in mid-November of 2014, the star reached an absolute visual magnitude of -12.75 mag but was discovered later, in February 2015, in a repeated outburst at the absolute magnitude of -11.65 mag. The amplitude of the outburst was minimum among the red novae, only 5.6 mag in the V band. The H alpha emission line and the continuum of a cool supergiant with a gradually decreasing surface temperature were observed in the spectra. Such process is typical for red novae, although the object under study showed extreme parameters: maximum luminosity, maximum outburst duration, minimum outburst amplitude, unusual shape of the light curve. This event is interpreted as a massive OB star system components merging accompanied by the formation of a common envelope and then the expansion of this envelope with minimal energy losses.

astro-ph.SR↗
arXiv2010

A tale of two GRB-SNe at a common redshift of z = 0.54

We present ground-based and HST optical observations of the optical transients (OTs) of long-duration Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) 060729 and 090618, both at a redshift of z = 0.54. For GRB 060729, bumps are seen in the optical light curves (LCs), and the late-time broadband spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the OT resemble those of local type Ic supernovae (SNe). For GRB 090618, the dense sampling of our optical observations has allowed us to detect well-defined bumps in the optical LCs, as well as a change in colour, that are indicative of light coming from a core-collapse SN. The accompanying SNe for both events are individually compared with SN1998bw, a known GRB-supernova, and SN1994I, a typical type Ic supernova without a known GRB counterpart, and in both cases the brightness and temporal evolution more closely resemble SN1998bw. We also exploit our extensive optical and radio data for GRB 090618, as well as the publicly-available SWIFT -XRT data, and discuss the properties of the afterglow at early times. In the context of a simple jet-like model, the afterglow of GRB 090618 is best explained by the presence of a jet-break at t-to > 0.5 days. We then compare the rest-frame, peak V -band absolute magnitudes of all of the GRB and X-Ray Flash (XRF)-associated SNe with a large sample of local type Ibc SNe, concluding that, when host extinction is considered, the peak magnitudes of the GRB/XRF-SNe cannot be distinguished from the peak magnitudes of non-GRB/XRF SNe.

astro-ph.CO↗
arXiv2010

Study of Faint Galaxies in the Field of GRB 021004

We present an analysis of BVRcIc observations of the field sized around 4' x 4' centered at the host galaxy of the gamma-ray burst GRB 021004 with the 6-m BTA telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences. We measured the magnitudes and constructed the color diagrams for 311 galaxies detected in the field (S/N > 3). The differential and integral counts of galaxies up to the limit, corresponding to 28.5 (B), 28.0 (V), 27.0 (Rc), 26.5 (Ic) were computed. We compiled the galaxy catalog, consisting of 183 objects, for which the photometric redshifts up to the limiting magnitudes 26.0 (B), 25.5 (V), 25.0 (Rc), 24.5 (Ic) were determined using the HyperZ code. We then examined the radial distribution of galaxies based on the z estimates. We have built the curves expected in the case of a uniform distribution of galaxies in space, and obtained the estimates for the size and contrast of the possible super-large-scale structures, which are accessible with the observations of this type.

astro-ph.CO↗
arXiv2010

Spectral and Photometric Monitoring of Distant Core-Collapse Supernovae in the SAO RAS

This paper describes the aims, objectives and first results of the observational program for the study of distant core-collapse supernovae (SNe) with redshifts z < 0.3. This work is done within the framework of an international cooperation program on the SNe monitoring at the 6-m BTA telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and other telescopes. We study both the early phases of events (SN type determination, redshift estimation, and a search for manifestations of a wind envelope), and the nebular phase (the effects of explosion asymmetry). The SNe, associated with cosmic gamma-ray bursts are of particular interest. An interpretation of our observational data along with the data obtained on other telescopes is used to test the existing theoretical models of both the SN explosion, and the surrounding circumstellar medium. In 2009 we observed 30 objects; the spectra were obtained for 12 of them. We determined the types, phases after maximum, and redshifts for five SNe (SN 2009db, SN 2009dy, SN 2009dw, SN 2009ew, SN 2009ji). Based on the obtained photometric data a discovery of two more SNe was confirmed (SN 2009bx and SN 2009cb). A study of two type II supernovae in the nebular phase (SN 2008gz and SN 2008in) is finalized, four more objects (SN 2008iy, SN 2009ay, SN 2009bw, SN 2009de) are currently monitored.

astro-ph.CO↗
arXiv2010

Study of Envelope Velocity Evolution of Type Ib-c Core-Collapse Supernovae from Observations of XRF 080109 / SN 2008D and GRB 060218 / SN 2006aj with BTA

Results of modeling the spectra of two supernovae SN 2008D and SN 2006aj related to the X-ray flash XRF 080109 and gamma-ray burst GRB / XRF 060218, respectively, are studied. The spectra were obtained with the 6-meter BTA telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 6.48 and 27.61 days after the explosion of SN 2008D, and in 2.55 and 3.55 days after the explosion of SN 2006aj. The spectra were interpreted in the Sobolev approximation with the SYNOW code. An assumption about the presence of envelopes around the progenitor stars is confirmed by an agreement between the velocities of lines interpreted as hydrogen and helium, and the empiric power-law velocity drop with time for the envelopes of classic core-collapse supernovae. Detection of a P Cyg profile of the H-beta line in the spectra of optical afterglows of GRBs can be a determinative argument in favor of this hypothesis.

astro-ph.HE↗
arXiv2009

A glimpse of the end of the dark ages: the gamma-ray burst of 23 April 2009 at redshift 8.3

It is thought that the first generations of massive stars in the Universe were an important, and quite possibly dominant, source of the ultra-violet radiation that reionized the hydrogen gas in the intergalactic medium (IGM); a state in which it has remained to the present day. Measurements of cosmic microwave background anisotropies suggest that this phase-change largely took place in the redshift range z=10.8 +/- 1.4, while observations of quasars and Lyman-alpha galaxies have shown that the process was essentially completed by z=6. However, the detailed history of reionization, and characteristics of the stars and proto-galaxies that drove it, remain unknown. Further progress in understanding requires direct observations of the sources of ultra-violet radiation in the era of reionization, and mapping the evolution of the neutral hydrogen fraction through time. The detection of galaxies at such redshifts is highly challenging, due to their intrinsic faintness and high luminosity distance, whilst bright quasars appear to be rare beyond z~7. Here we report the discovery of a gamma-ray burst, GRB 090423, at redshift z=8.26 -0.08 +0.07. This is well beyond the redshift of the most distant spectroscopically confirmed galaxy (z=6.96) and quasar (z=6.43). It establishes that massive stars were being produced, and dying as GRBs, ~625 million years after the Big Bang. In addition, the accurate position of the burst pinpoints the location of the most distant galaxy known to date. Larger samples of GRBs beyond z~7 will constrain the evolving rate of star formation in the early universe, while rapid spectroscopy of their afterglows will allow direct exploration of the progress of reionization with cosmic time.

astro-ph.CO↗
arXiv2008

Optical and infrared flares from a transient Galactic soft gamma-ray repeater

Soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs) are a rare type of gamma-ray transient sources that are ocasionally detected as bursts in the high-energy sky. They are thought to be produced by magnetars, young neutron stars with very strong magnetic fields of the order of 10^(14-15) G. Only three such objects are known in our Galaxy, and a fourth one is associated with the supernova remnant N49 in the Large Magellanic Cloud. In none of these cases has an optical counterpart to either the gamma-ray flares or the quiescent source been identified. Here we present multi-wavelength observations of a puzzling source, SWIFT J195509+261406, for which we detected more than 40 flaring episodes in the optical band over a time span of 3 days, plus a faint infrared flare 11 days later, after which it returned to quiescence. We propose that SWIFT J195509+261406 is a member of a subgroup of SGRs for which the long-term X-ray emission is transient in nature. Furthermore, it is the first SGR for which bursts have been detected in the optical and near-infrared bands and maybe the link between the "persistent" SGRs and the dim isolated neutron stars.

astro-ph↗
arXiv2008

The stellar-wind envelope around the supernova XRF/GRB060218/SN2006aj massive progenitor star

In BTA spectra of the supernova SN2006aj, identified with the X-ray flash (XRF) and gamma-ray burst XRF/GRB060218/SN2006aj, we detected details interpreted as hydrogen lines, which is a sign of stellar-wind envelope around a massive progenitor star of the gamma-ray burst. Results of modeling two early spectra obtained with the BTA in 2.55 and 3.55 days after the explosion of Type Ic supernova SN2006aj (z=0.0331) are presented. The spectra were modeled in the Sobolev approximation with the SYNOW code (Branch et al. 2001; Elmhamdi et al. 2006). In the spectra of the optical afterglow of the X-ray flash XRF/GRB060218 we detected spectral features interpreted as (1) the H_alpha PCyg profile for the velocity 33000 km s$^{-1}$ -- a wide and almost unnoticeable deformation of continuum in the range of $\simeq5600 - 6600Å$ for the first epoch (2.55 days) and (2) a part (``remnant'') of the H_alpha PCyg profile in absorption blueshifted by 24000 km s$^{-1}$ -- a wide spectral feature with a minimum at $\simeq6100Å$ (the rest wavelength) for the second epoch (3.55 days). Taking into consideration early BTA observations and spectra obtained with other telescopes (ESO Lick, ESO VLT, NOT) before 2006 Feb. 23 UT, it can be said that we observe evolution of optical spectra of Type Ic core-collapse supernova SN 2006aj during {\it transition} from the short phase related to the shock breakout to outer layers of the stellar-wind envelope to spectra of the phase of increasing brightness corresponding to radioactive heating. Signs of hydrogen in spectra of the gamma-ray burst afterglow were detected for the first time.

astro-ph↗