arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T. Banakh.
A topological space is nonseparably connected if it is connected but all of its connected separable subspaces are singletons. We show that each connected first countable space is the image of a nonseparably connected complete metric space under a continuous monotone hereditarily quotient map.
In a separably connected space any two points are contained in a separable connected subset. We show a mechanism that takes a connected bounded metric space and produces a complete connected metric space whose separablewise components form a quotient space isometric to the original space. We repeatedly apply this mechanism to construct, as an inverse limit, a complete connected metric space whose each separable subset is zero-dimensional.
By the {\em Suslinian number} $\Sln(X)$ of a continuum $X$ we understand the smallest cardinal number $κ$ such that $X$ contains no disjoint family $\C$ of non-degenerate subcontinua of size $|\C|\geκ$. For a compact space $X$, $\Sln(X)$ is the smallest Suslinian number of a continuum which contains a homeomorphic copy of $X$. Our principal result asserts that each compact space $X$ has weight $\le\Sln(X)^+$ and is the limit of an inverse well-ordered spectrum of length $\le \Sln(X)^+$, consisting of compacta with weight $\le\Sln(X)$ and monotone bonding maps. Moreover, $w(X)\le\Sln(X)$ if no $\Sln(X)^+$-Suslin tree exists. This implies that under the Suslin Hypothesis all Suslinian continua are metrizable, which answers a question of \cite{DNTTT1}. On the other hand, the negation of the Suslin Hypothesis is equivalent to the existence of a hereditarily separable non-metrizable Suslinian continuum. If $X$ is a continuum with $\Sln(X)<2^{\aleph_0}$, then $X$ is 1-dimensional, has rim-weight $\le\Sln(X)$ and weight $w(X)\ge\Sln(X)$. Our main tool is the inequality $w(X)\le\Sln(X)\cdot w(f(X))$ holding for any light map $f:X\to Y$.
We survey some principal results and open problems related to colorings of algebraic and geometric objects endowed with symmetries.
We construct an example of a real-valued continuous non-constant function $f$ defined on a connected complete metric space $X$ such that every point of $X$ is a point of local minimum or local maximum for $f$. The space $X$ is connected but fails to be separably connected.
Let $K$ be a complete quasivariety of topological inverse Clifford semigroups, containing all topological semilattices. It is shown that the free topological inverse semigroup $F(X,K)$ of $X$ in the class $K$ is an $R^\infty$-manifold if and only if $X$ has no isolated points and $F(X,K)$ is a retract of an $R^\infty$-manifold. We derive from this that for any retract $X$ of an $R^\infty$-manifold the free topological inverse semigroup $F(X,K)$ is an $R^\infty$-manifold if and only if the space $X$ has no isolated points. Also we show that for any homotopically equivalent retracts $X,Y$ of $R^\infty$-manifolds with no isolated points the free topological inverse semigroups $F(X,K)$ and $F(Y,K)$ are homeomorphic. This allows us to construct non-homeomorphic spaces whose free topological inverse semigroups are homeomorphic.
It is shown that each pseudonorm defined on a subgroup $H$ of an abelian group $G$ can be extended to a pseudonorm on $G$ such that the densities of the obtained pseudometrizable topological groups coincide. We derive from this that any Hausdorff $ω$-bounded group topology on $H$ can be extended to a Hausdorff $ω$-bounded group topology on $G$. In its turn this result implies that each separable metrizable abelian group $H$ is a subgroup of a separable metrizable divisible group $G$. This result essentially relies on the Axiom of Choice and is not true under the Axiom of Determinacy (which contradicts to the Axiom of Choice but implies the Countable Axiom of Choice).
We prove that two countable locally finite-by-abelian groups G,H endowed with proper left-invariant metrics are coarsely equivalent if and only if their asymptotic dimensions coincide and the groups are either both finitely-generated or both are infinitely generated. On the other hand, we show that each countable group G that coarsely embeds into a countable abelian group is locally nilpotent-by-finite. Moreover, the group G is locally abelian-by-finite if and only if G is undistorted in the sense that G can be written as the union of countably many finitely generated subgroups G_n such that each G_n is undistorted in G_{n+1} (which means that the identity inclusion from G_n to G_{n+1} is a quasi-isometric embedding with respect to word metrics).
We prove that for each partition of the Lobachevsky plane into finitely many Borel pieces one of the cells of the partition contains an unbounded centrally symmetric subset.
A map $f:X\to Y$ between topological spaces is defined to be {\em scatteredly continuous} if for each subspace $A\subset X$ the restriction $f|A$ has a point of continuity. We show that for a function $f:X\to Y$ from a perfectly paracompact hereditarily Baire Preiss-Simon space $X$ into a regular space $Y$ the scattered continuity of $f$ is equivalent to (i) the weak discontinuity (for each subset $A\subset X$ the set $D(f|A)$ of discontinuity points of $f|A$ is nowhere dense in $A$), (ii) the $σ$-continuity ($X$ can be written as a countable union of closed subsets on which $f$ is continuous), (iii) the $G_δ$-measurability (the preimage of each open set is of type $G_δ$). Also under Martin Axiom, we construct a $G_δ$-measurable map $f:X\to Y$ between metrizable separable spaces, which is not piecewise continuous. This answers an old question of V.Vinokurov.
Given a group $X$ we study the algebraic structure of its superextension $λ(X)$. This is a right-topological semigroup consisting of all maximal linked systems on $X$ endowed with the operation $$\mathcal A\circ\mathcal B=\{C\subset X:\{x\in X:x^{-1}C\in\mathcal B\}\in\mathcal A\}$$ that extends the group operation of $X$. We characterize right zeros of $λ(X)$ as invariant maximal linked systems on $X$ and prove that $λ(X)$ has a right zero if and only if each element of $X$ has odd order. On the other hand, the semigroup $λ(X)$ contains a left zero if and only if it contains a zero if and only if $X$ has odd order $|X|\le5$. The semigroup $λ(X)$ is commutative if and only if $|X|\le4$. We finish the paper with a complete description of the algebraic structure of the semigroups $λ(X)$ for all groups $X$ of cardinality $|X|\le5$.
We characterize metric spaces $X$ whose hyperspaces $2^X$ or $Bd(X)$ of non-empty closed (bounded) subsets, endowed with the Hausdorff metric, are absolute [neighborhood] retracts.