arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T. Frederico.
A unified description of spacelike and timelike hadron form factors within a light-front model was successfully applied to the pion. The model is extended to the nucleon to study the role of $q \bar q$ pair production and of nonvalence components in the nucleon form factors. Preliminary results in the spacelike range $0 \le Q^2 \le 10 ~ (GeV/c)^2$ are presented.
We show that an independent four-body momentum scale $μ_{(4)}$ drives the tetramer binding energy for fixed trimer energy (or three-body scale $μ_{(3)}$) and large scattering length ($a$). The three- and four-body forces from the one-channel reduction of the atomic interaction near a Feshbach resonance disentangle $μ_{(4)}$ and $μ_{(3)}$. The four-body independent scale is also manifested through a family of Tjon-lines, with slope given by $μ_{(4)}/μ_{(3)}$ for $a^{-1}=0$. There is the possibility of a new renormalization group limit cycle due to the new scale.
We carefully investigate the reliability of the propagator Pole Approximation, i.e, the approximation of retaining only the propagator in the evaluation of the Mandelstam covariant expression for the eletromagnetic current of the pion. Different frames are analyzed, in order to find the most suitable one for calculating the pion form factor within the proposed approximation. It turns out that approximation is more accurate in the frame where q^+ is maximal. The relevance of the Pole Approximation is briefly discussed in view of calculations of hadrons factors basead wave functions generate by dynamical models.
Investigation of the spacelike and timelike electromagnetic form factors of hadrons, within a relativistic microscopical model characterized by a small set of hypothesis, could shed light on the components of hadron states beyond the valence one. Our relativistic approach has been successfully applied first to the pion and then the extension to the nucleon has been undertaken. The pion case is shortly reviewed as an illustrative example for introducing the main ingredients of our approach, and preliminary results for the nucleon in the spacelike range $-10 (GeV/c)^2\le q^2 \le 0$ are evaluated.
We developed the formal connection of the field theoretical Bethe-Salpeter equation including the ladder approximation with its representation on the light-front for a bosonic model. We use the light-front Green's function for the N-particle system for two-particles plus N-2 intermediate bosons. We derived an infinite set of coupled hierarchy equations or iterated resolvent from which the Green's function can be calculated. These equations allow a consistent truncation of the light-front Fock-space. We show explicitly the represention of the covariant two-body T-matrix and bound state vertex in the light-front.
We exploit the possibility of new configurations in three-body halo nuclei - Samba type - (the neutron-core form a bound system) as a doorway to Borromean systems. The nuclei $^{12}$Be, $^{15}$B, $^{23}$N and $^{27}$F are of such nature, in particular $^{23}$N with a half-life of 37.7 s and a halo radius of 6.07 fm is an excellent example of Samba-halo configuration. The fusion below the barrier of the Samba halo nuclei with heavy targets could reveal the so far elusive enhancement and a dominance of one-neutron over two-neutron transfers, in contrast to what was found recently for the Borromean halo nucleus $^6$He + $^{238}$U.
The classification of large halos formed by two identical particles and a core is systematically addressed according to interparticle distances. The root-mean-square distances between the constituents are described by universal scaling functions obtained from a renormalized zero-range model. Applications for halo nuclei, $^{11}$Li and $^{14}$Be, and for atomic $^4$He$_3$ are briefly discussed. The generalization to four-body systems is proposed.
The subtracted kernel approach is shown to be a powerful method to be implemented recursively in scattering equations with regular plus point-like interactions. The advantages of the method allows one to recursively renormalize the potentials, with higher derivatives of the Dirac-delta, improving previous results. The applicability of the method is verified in the calculation of the $^1S_0$ nucleon-nucleon phase-shifts, when considering a potential with one-pion-exchange plus a contact interaction and its derivatives. The $^1S_0$ renormalization parameters are fitted to the data. The method can in principle be extended to any derivative order of the contact interaction, to higher partial waves and to coupled channels.
The simultaneous investigation of the pion electromagnetic form factor in the space- and time-like regions within a light-front model allows one to address the issue of non-valence components of the pion and photon wave functions. Our relativistic approach is based on a microscopic vector meson dominance (VMD) model for the dressed vertex where a photon decays in a quark-antiquark pair, and on a simple parametrization for the emission or absorption of a pion by a quark. The results show an excellent agreement in the space like region up to -10 $(GeV/c)^2$, while in time-like region the model produces reasonable results up to 10 $(GeV/c)^2$.
We study the scaling of the $^3S_1-^1S_0$ meson mass splitting and the pseudoscalar weak decay constants with the mass of the meson, as seen in the available experimental data. We use an effective light-front QCD-inspired dynamical model regulated at short-distances to describe the valence component of the pseudoscalar mesons. The experimentally known values of the mass splittings, decay constants (from global lattice-QCD averages) and the pion charge form factor up to 4 [GeV/c]$^2$ are reasonably described by the model
We present model results for the two-halo-neutron correlation functions, $C_{nn}$, for the dissociation process of light exotic nuclei modelled as two neutrons and a core. A minimum is predicted for $C_{nn}$ as a function of the relative momentum of the two neutrons, $p_{nn}$, due to the coherence of the neutrons in the halo and final state interaction. Studying the systems $^{14}$Be, $^{11}$Li and $^{6}$He within this model, we show that the numerical asymptotic limit, $C_{nn}\to 1$, occurs only for $p_{nn}\gtrsim$ 400 MeV$/c$, while such limit is reached for much lower values of $p_{nn}$ in an independent particle model as the one used in the analysis of recent experimental data. Our model is consistent with data once the experimental correlation function is appropriately normalized.
Numerical calculations are performed and compared to the experimental data for the electromagnetic form factor of the kaon, which is extracted from both components of the electromagnetic current, $J^{+}$ and $J^{-}$, with a pseudo-scalar coupling of the quarks to the kaon. In the case of $J^{+}$ there is no pair term contribution in the Drell-Yan frame ($q^{+}=0$). However, for $J^{-}$, the pair term contribution is different from zero and necessary in order to preserve the rotational symmetry of the current. The free parameters are the quark masses and the regulator mass.
We present detailed numerical results for the pion space-like electromagnetic form factor obtained within a recently proposed model of the pion electromagnetic current in a confining light-front QCD-inspired model. The model incorporates the vector meson dominance mechanism at the quark level, where the dressed photon with $q^+>0$ decay in an interacting quark-antiquark pair,wich absorbs the initial pion and produces the pion in the final state.
In this contribution, an approach for a unified description of the pion electromagnetic form factor, in the space- and time-like regions, within a constituent quark model on the light front, will be reviewed. Our approach is based on i) the on-shell quark-hadron vertex functions in the valence sector, ii) the dressed photon vertex where a photon decays in a quark-antiquark pair, and iii) the emission and absorption amplitudes of a pion by a quark. Results favorably compare with the existing experimental data.
Strongly interacting matter such as nuclear or quark matter leads to few-body bound states and correlations of the constituents. As a consequence quantum chromodynamics has a rich phase structure with spontaneous symmetry breaking, superconductivity, condensates of different kinds. All this appears in many astrophysical scenarios. Among them is the formation of hadrns during the early stage of the Universe, the structure of a neutron star, the formation of nuclei during a supernova explosion. Some of these extreme conditions can be simulated in heavy ion colliders. To treat such a hot and dense system we use the Green function formalism of many-body theory. It turns out that a systematic Dyson expansion of the Green functions leads to modified few-body equations that are capable to describe phase transitions, condensates, cluster formation and more. These equations include self energy corrections and Pauli blocking. We apply this method to nonrelativistic and relativistic matter. The latter one is treated on the light front. Because of the medium and the inevitable truncation of space, the few-body dynamics and states depend on the thermodynamic parameters of the medium.
The electromagnetic current of spin-1 composite particles does not transform properly under rotations if only the valence contribution is considered in the light-front model. In particular, the plus component of the current, evaluated only for the valence component of the wave function, in the Drell-Yan frame violates rotational symmetry, which does not allow a unique calculation of the electromagnetic form-factors. The prescription suggested by Grach and Kondratyuk [Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 38, 198 (1984)] to extract the form factors from the plus component of the current, eliminates contributions from pair diagrams or zero modes, which if not evaluated properly cause the violation of the rotational symmetry. We address this problem in an analytical and covariant model of a spin-1 composite particle.
We study triatomic systems in the regime of large negative scattering lengths which may be more favorable for the formation of condensed trimers in trapped ultracold monoatomic gases as the competition with the weakly bound dimers is absent. The manipulation of the scattering length can turn an excited weakly bound Efimov trimer into a continuum resonance. Its energy and width are described by universal scaling functions written in terms of the scattering length and the binding energy, $B_3$, of the shallowest triatomic molecule. For $a^{-1}<-0.0297 \sqrt{m B_3/\hbar^2}$ the excited Efimov state turns into a continuum resonance.
A systematic study of the root-mean-square distance between the constituents of weakly-bound nuclei consisting of two halo neutrons and a core is performed using a renormalized zero-range model. The radii are obtained from a universal scaling function that depends on the mass ratio of the neutron and the core, as well as on the nature of the subsystems, bound or virtual. Our calculations are qualitatively consistent with recent data for the neutron-neutron root-mean-square distance in the halo of $^{11}$Li and $^{14}$Be nuclei.