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T. Ishikawa

Publications and source records attributed to T. Ishikawa.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

Intrinsic Correlated Electronic Structure of CrO2 Revealed by Hard X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy

Bulk-sensitive hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (HAXPES) reveals for as-grown epitaxial films of half-metallic ferromagnetic CrO2(100) a pronounced screening feature in the Cr 2p3/2 core level and an asymmetry in the O 1s core level. This gives evidence of a finite, metal-type Fermi edge, which is surprisingly not observed in HAXPES. A spectral weight shift in HAXPES away from the Fermi energy is attributed to single-ion recoil effects due to high energy photoelectrons. In conjunction with inverse PES the intrinsic correlated Mott-Hubbard-type electronic structure is unravelled, yielding an averaged Coulomb correlation energy Uav ~ 3.2 eV.

cond-mat.str-el↗

Measurements of the photon induced production of $Λ$ in the $^2$H$(γ,Λ)$X process at threshold energies

An experiment was carried out with the NKS2+ in 2010 at the Research Center for Electron Photon Science (ELPH), in which tagged photon beams in the range of 0.8 $\le$ $E_γ$ $\le$ 1.1 GeV were impinged on a liquid $^2$H target positioned at the center of the NKS2+. The produced $Λ$ was subsequently detected by the $p{π^{-}}$ decay channel. Integrated cross sections of the $^2$H$(γ,Λ)$X in the angular region of 0.9 $\le$ $\cosθ_Λ^{LAB}$ $\le$ 1.0 was derived and compared with preceding experimental results of the NKS2 collaboration. In addition, the momentum spectra for two photon energy regions were also procured. The $Λ$ angle dependent cross sections as a function of the scattering angle in the laboratory system was additionally deduced. We present the latest results on the excitation function of $Λ$ photoproduction, the momentum distributions, angular distributions, and polarization.

nucl-ex↗

Photoelectron Angular Distributions for Two-photon Ionization of Helium by Ultrashort Extreme Ultraviolet Free Electron Laser Pulses

Phase-shift differences and amplitude ratios of the outgoing $s$ and $d$ continuum wave packets generated by two-photon ionization of helium atoms are determined from the photoelectron angular distributions obtained using velocity map imaging. Helium atoms are ionized with ultrashort extreme-ultraviolet free-electron laser pulses with a photon energy of 20.3, 21.3, 23.0, and 24.3 eV, produced by the SPring-8 Compact SASE Source test accelerator. The measured values of the phase-shift differences are distinct from scattering phase-shift differences when the photon energy is tuned to an excited level or Rydberg manifold. The difference stems from the competition between resonant and non-resonant paths in two-photon ionization by ultrashort pulses. Since the competition can be controlled in principle by the pulse shape, the present results illustrate a new way to tailor the continuum wave packet.

physics.atom-ph↗

Photoemission Evidence for Valence Fluctuations and Kondo Resonance in YbAl2

We use hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (HAXPES) to investigate the electronic structure of YbAl2, for which the Yb valence has not been consistently reported to date. The bulk sensitivity and the analytical simplicity provided by the Yb 3d core-level HAXPES allow a reliable determination of the mean valence of Yb ions. For YbAl2, it is evaluated to be +2.20, which remains nearly unchanged below 300 K. The Kondo resonance peak with an extremely high Kondo temperature (above 2000 K) is clearly identified in the valence-band spectra. The results indicate that a coherent Kondo state can be robust even in a nearly divalent system.

cond-mat.str-el↗

Numerical Computation of Two-loop Box Diagrams with Masses

A new approach is presented to evaluate multi-loop integrals, which appear in the calculation of cross-sections in high-energy physics. It relies on a fully numerical method and is applicable to a wide class of integrals with various mass configurations. As an example, the computation of two-loop planar and non-planar box diagrams is shown. The results are confirmed by comparisons with other techniques, including the reduction method, and by a consistency check using the dispersion relation.

hep-ph↗

Report on strangeness photoproduction experiments performed with the Neutral Kaon Spectrometer 2

An experiment designed to investigate the strangeness photoproduction process using a tagged photon beam in the energy range of 0.90 -1.08 GeV incident on a liquid deuterium target was successfully performed. The purpose of the experiment was to measure the production of neutral kaons and the lambda particles on a deuteron. The generation of photo produced particles was verified by the measurement of their decayed charged particles in the Neutral Kaon Spectrometer 2. The reconstructed invariant mass distributions were achieved by selecting events where two or more particles tracks were identified. Preliminary results are presented here.

nucl-ex↗

Pair-production and Three-body Decay of the Lighter Stop at the ILC in One-loop Order in the MSSM

We have been developing a program package called GRACE/SUSY-loop which automatically calculates the MSSM amplitudes in one-loop order. We present numerical results of calculations for pair-production and three-body decay of the lighter stop ($\widetilde{t}_1$) at the International Linear Collider (ILC) using GRACE/SUSY-loop. Since the distributions of missing transverse energy (MET) depend on mass spectrum of SUSY particles, we consider two scenarios on three-body decay of $\widetilde{t}_1$. In these scenarios, both QCD and EW corrections have positive sign for decay widths and cross sections.

hep-ph↗

Numerical approach to multi-loop integrals

For the calculation of multi-loop Feynman integrals, a novel numerical method, the Direct Computation Method (DCM) is developed. It is a combination of a numerical integration and a series extrapolation. In principle, DCM can handle diagrams of arbitrary internal masses and external momenta, and can calculate integrals with general numerator function. As an example of the performance of DCM, a numerical computation of two-loop box diagrams is presented. Further discussion is given on the choice of control parameters in DCM. This method will be an indispensable tool for the higher order radiative correction when it is tested for a wider class of physical parameters and the separation of divergence is done automatically.

hep-ph↗

Persistence of Covalent Bonding in Liquid Silicon Probed by Inelastic X-ray Scattering

Metallic liquid silicon at 1787K is investigated using x-ray Compton scattering. An excellent agreement is found between the measurements and the corresponding Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics simulations. Our results show persistence of covalent bonding in liquid silicon and provide support for the occurrence of theoretically predicted liquid-liquid phase transition in supercooled liquid states. The population of covalent bond pairs in liquid silicon is estimated to be 17% via a maximally-localized Wannier function analysis. Compton scattering is shown to be a sensitive probe of bonding effects in the liquid state.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

Numerical Approach to Calculation of Feynman Loop Integrals

In this paper, we describe a numerical approach to evaluate Feynman loop integrals. In this approach the key technique is a combination of a numerical integration method and a numerical extrapolation method. Since the computation is carried out in a fully numerical way, our approach is applicable to one-, two- and multi-loop diagrams. Without any analytic treatment it can compute diagrams with not only real masses but also complex masses for the internal particles. As concrete examples we present numerical results of a scalar one-loop box integral with complex masses and two-loop planar and non-planar box integrals with masses. We discuss the quality of our numerical computation by comparisons with other methods and also propose a self consistency check.

hep-ph↗

Ultrafast Spectral Weight Transfer in RBaCo2O6-delta (R=Sm, Gd, and Tb): A Role of Electronic Correlation in Photoinduced Phase Transition

We performed femtosecond reflection spectroscopy on a series of perovskite-type cobalt oxide $R$BaCo$_2$O$_{6-δ}$ ($R$=Sm, Gd, and Tb) crystals, in which the electronic transfer was controlled by $R$. The transient reflectivity and the optical conductivity ($σ^{\rm PI}(ω)$) obtained by Kramers-Kronig analysis showed an ultrafast change within a time resolution ($\approx 150$ fs) at room temperature and the appearance of signals of a hidden state different from the high temperature metallic state. The transferred spectral weight in $σ^{\rm PI}(ω)$ upon photoexcitation sensitively depended on the $R$-species, indicating an important role of electronic correlation in the photoexcited state.

cond-mat.str-el↗

A possible approach to three-dimensional cosmic-ray propagation in the Galaxy IV. Electrons and electron-induced gamma-rays

Based on the diffusion-halo model for cosmic-ray (CR) propagation, including stochastic reacceleration due to collisions with hydromagnetic turbulence, we study the behavior of the electron component and the diffuse $γ$-rays (D$γ$'s) induced by them. The galactic parameters appearing in these studies are essentially the same as those appearing in the hadronic CR components, while we additionally need information on the interstellar radiation field, taking into account dependences on both the photon energy, $E_{\scriptsize {ph}}$, and the position, $\vct{r}$. We compare our numerical results with the data on hadrons, electrons and D$γ$'s, including the most recent results from FERMI, which gives two remarkable results; 1) the electron spectrum falls with energy as $E_e^{-3}$ up to 1\,TeV, and does not exhibit prominent spectral features around 500\,GeV, in contrast to the dramatic excess appearing in both ATIC and PPB-BETS spectra, and 2) the EGRET GeV-excess in the D$γ$ spectrum is due neither to an astronomical origin (much harder CR spectrum in the galactic center) nor a cosmological one (dark matter annihilation or decay), but due to an instrumental problem. In the present paper, however, we focus our interest rather conservatively upon the internal relation between these three components, using {\it common} galactic parameters. We find that they are in reasonable harmony with each other within both the theoretical and experimental uncertainties, apart from the electron-anomaly problem, while some enhancement of D$γ$'s appears in the high galactic latitude with $|b| > 60^\circ$ in the GeV region.

astro-ph.HE↗

Electron correlation in FeSe superconductor studied by bulk-sensitive photoemission spectroscopy

We have investigated the electronic structures of recently discovered superconductor FeSe by soft-x-ray and hard-x-ray photoemission spectroscopy with high bulk sensitivity. The large Fe 3d spectral weight is located in the vicinity of the Fermi level (EF), which is demonstrated to be a coherent quasi-particle peak. Compared with the results of the band structure calculation with local-density approximation, Fe 3d band narrowing and the energy shift of the band toward EF are found, suggesting an importance of the electron correlation effect in FeSe. The self energy correction provides the larger mass enhancement value (Z^-1=3.6) than in Fe-As superconductors and enables us to separate a incoherent part from the spectrum. These features are quite consistent with the results of recent dynamical mean-field calculations, in which the incoherent part is attributed to the lower Hubbard band.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

Three- and four-nucleon absorption processes observed in the $K^-$-$^4$He reaction at rest

Correlations of back-to-back coincident $Λd$ and $Λt$ pairs from the stopped $K^-$ reaction on $^4$He had been investigated, thereby $Λd$ and $Λt$ branches of non-mesonic three- and four-nucleon absorption processes of antikaon at rest were identified as well-separable processes, respectively. The branching ratio of the three-nucleon process, ($^4$He-$K^-$)$_{atomic} \rightarrow Λd "n"$, is estimated to be $(0.9 \pm 0.1 (stat) \pm 0.2 (syst)) \times 10^{-3}$ from the normalized $Λd$ spectrum in a $Λd n$ final state, while the fraction of the four-nucleon process, ($^4$He-$K^-$)$_{atomic} \rightarrow Λt$, is obtained to be $(3.1 \pm 0.4 (stat) \pm 0.5 (syst)) \times 10^{-4}$ per stopped $K^-$.

nucl-ex↗

Nanoscale Dichotomy of Ti 3d Carriers Mediating the Ferromagnetism in Co:TiO2 Anatase Thin Films

We study the surface and bulk electronic structure of the room-temperature ferromagnet Co:TiO2 anatase films using soft and hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy with probe sensitivities of ~1 nm and ~10 nm, respectively. We obtain direct evidence of metallic Ti$^{3+}$ states in the bulk, which get suppressed to give a surface semiconductor, thus indicating a surface-bulk dichotomy. X-ray absorption and high-sensitivity resonant photoemission spectroscopy reveal Ti$^{3+}$ electrons at the Fermi level (E$_F$) and high-spin Co$^{2+}$ electrons occurring away from E$_F$. The results show the importance of the charge neutrality condition: Co$^{2+}$ + V$_{O}$$^{2-}$ + 2Ti$^{4+}$ $\leftrightarrow$ Co$^{2+}$ + 2Ti$^{3+}$ (V$_O$ is oxygen vacancy), which gives rise to the elusive Ti 3d carriers mediating ferromagnetism via the Co 3d-O 2p-Ti 3d exchange interaction pathway of the occupied orbitals.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

Measurement of Spin-Density Matrix Elements for $ϕ$-Meson Photoproduction from Protons and Deuterons Near Threshold

The LEPS/SPring-8 experiment made a comprehensive measurement of the spin-density matrix elements for $γp \to ϕp$, $γd \to ϕp n$ and $γd \to ϕd$ at forward production angles. A linearly polarized photon beam at $E_γ$=1.6-2.4 GeV was used for the production of $ϕ$ mesons. The natural-parity Pomeron exchange processes remains dominant nearthreshold. The unnatural-parity processes of pseudoscalar exchange is visible in the production from nucleons but is greatly reduced in the coherent production from deuterons. There is no strong $E_γ$-dependence, but some dependence on momentum-transfer. A small but finite value of the spin-density matrix elements reflecting helicity-nonconserving amplitudes in the $t$-channel is observed.

nucl-ex↗

Present Status of GRACE/SUSY-loop

GRACE/SUSY-loop is a program package for the automatic calculation of the MSSM amplitudes in one-loop order. We present features of GRACE/SUSY-loop, processes calculated using GRACE/SUSY-loop and an extension of the non-linear gauge formalism applied to GRACE/SUSY-loop.

hep-ph↗

Strong valence fluctuation in the quantum critical heavy fermion superconductor beta-YbAlB4: A hard x-ray photoemission study

Electronic structures of the quantum critical superconductor beta-YbAlB4 and its polymorph alpha-YbAlB4 are investigated by using bulk-sensitive hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. From the Yb 3d core level spectra, the values of the Yb valence are estimated to be ~2.73 and ~2.75 for alpha- and beta-YbAlB4, respectively, thus providing clear evidence for valence fluctuations. The valence band spectra of these compounds also show Yb2+ peaks at the Fermi level. These observations establish an unambiguous case of a strong mixed valence at quantum criticality for the first time among heavy fermion systems, calling for a novel scheme for a quantum critical model beyond the conventional Doniach picture in beta-YbAlB4.

cond-mat.str-el↗