arXiv subjects

T. Kato

Publications and source records attributed to T. Kato.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

arXiv2016

Temperature-driven and electrochemical-potential-driven adiabatic pumping via a quantum dot

We investigate adiabatic pumping via a single level quantum dot induced by periodic modulation of thermodynamic variables of reservoirs, i.e., temperatures and electrochemical potentials. We consider the impurity Anderson model and derive analytical formulas for coherent adiabatic charge pumping applicable to the strong dot-reservoir coupling within first-order perturbation with respect to Coulomb interaction. We show that charge pumping is induced by rectification effect due to delayed response of the quantum dot to time-dependent reservoir parameters. The presence of interaction is necessary because this delayed response rectifies charge current via Coulomb interaction. For temperature-driven charge pumping, one-way pumping is realized regardless of reservoir temperatures when an energy level of the quantum dot locates near the Fermi level. We clarify that this new feature of adiabatic pumping is caused by level broadening effect of the quantum dot due to strong dot-reservoir coupling.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2016

No Evidence of Intrinsic Optical/Near-Infrared Linear Polarization for V404 Cygni During its Bright Outburst in 2015: Broadband Modeling and Constraint on Jet Parameters

We present simultaneous optical and near-infrared (NIR) polarimetric results for the black hole binary V404 Cygni spanning the duration of its 7-day long optically-brightest phase of its 2015 June outburst. The simultaneous R and Ks-band light curves showed almost the same temporal variation except for the isolated (~30 min duration) orphan Ks-band flare observed at MJD 57193.54. We did not find any significant temporal variation of polarization degree (PD) and position angle (PA) in both R and Ks bands throughout our observations, including the duration of the orphan NIR flare. We show that the observed PD and PA are predominantly interstellar in origin by comparing the V404 Cyg polarimetric results with those of the surrounding sources within the 7'x7' field-of-view. The low intrinsic PD (less than a few percent) implies that the optical and NIR emissions are dominated by either disk or optically-thick synchrotron emission, or both. We also present the broadband spectra of V404 Cyg during the orphan NIR flare and a relatively faint and steady state by including quasi-simultaneous Swift/XRT and INTEGRAL fluxes. By adopting a single-zone synchrotron plus inverse-Compton model as widely used in modeling of blazars, we constrained the parameters of a putative jet. Because the jet synchrotron component cannot exceed the Swift/XRT disk/corona flux, the cutoff Lorentz factor in the electron energy distribution is constrained to be <10^2, suggesting particle acceleration is less efficient in this microquasar jet outburst compared to AGN jets. We also suggest that the loading of the baryon component inside the jet is inevitable based on energetic arguments.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2016

Pressure dependence of the magnetic ground states in MnP

MnP, a superconductor under pressure, exhibits a ferromagnetic order below TC~290 K followed by a helical order with the spins lying in the ab plane and the helical rotation propagating along the c axis below Ts~50 K at ambient pressure. We performed single crystal neutron diffraction experiments to determine the magnetic ground states under pressure. Both TC and Ts are gradually suppressed with increasing pressure and the helical order disappears at ~1.2 GPa. At intermediate pressures of 1.8 and 2.0 GPa, the ferromagnetic order first develops and changes to a conical or two-phase (ferromagnetic and helical) structure with the propagation along the b axis below a characteristic temperature. At 3.8 GPa, a helical magnetic order appears below 208 K, which hosts the spins in the ac plane and the propagation along the b axis. The period of this b axis modulation is shorter than that at 1.8 GPa. Our results indicate that the magnetic phase in the vicinity of the superconducting phase may have a helical magnetic correlation along the b axis.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2015

Measurement and comparison of individual external doses of high-school students living in Japan, France, Poland and Belarus -- the "D-shuttle" project --

Twelve high schools in Japan (of which six are in Fukushima Prefecture), four in France, eight in Poland and two in Belarus cooperated in the measurement and comparison of individual external doses in 2014. In total 216 high-school students and teachers participated in the study. Each participant wore an electronic personal dosimeter "D-shuttle" for two weeks, and kept a journal of his/her whereabouts and activities. The distributions of annual external doses estimated for each region overlap with each other, demonstrating that the personal external individual doses in locations where residence is currently allowed in Fukushima Prefecture and in Belarus are well within the range of estimated annual doses due to the background radiation level of other regions/countries.

physics.med-ph↗

arXiv2014

Early evolution of the extraordinary Nova Del 2013 (V339 Del)

We determine the temporal evolution of the luminosity L(WD), radius R(WD) and effective temperature Teff of the white dwarf (WD) pseudophotosphere of V339 Del from its discovery to around day 40. Another main objective was studying the ionization structure of the ejecta. These aims were achieved by modelling the optical/near-IR spectral energy distribution (SED) using low-resolution spectroscopy (3500 - 9200 A), UBVRcIc and JHKLM photometry. During the fireball stage (Aug. 14.8 - 19.9, 2013), Teff was in the range of 6000 - 12000 K, R(WD) was expanding non-uniformly in time from around 66 to around 300 (d/3 kpc) R(Sun), and L(WD) was super-Eddington, but not constant. After the fireball stage, a large emission measure of 1.0-2.0E+62 (d/3 kpc)**2 cm**(-3) constrained the lower limit of L(WD) to be well above the super-Eddington value. The evolution of the H-alpha line and mainly the transient emergence of the Raman-scattered O VI 1032 A line suggested a biconical ionization structure of the ejecta with a disk-like H I region persisting around the WD until its total ionization, around day 40. It is evident that the nova was not evolving according to the current theoretical prediction. The unusual non-spherically symmetric ejecta of nova V339 Del and its extreme physical conditions and evolution during and after the fireball stage represent interesting new challenges for the theoretical modelling of the nova phenomenon.

astro-ph.SR↗

arXiv2013

Observation of isosceles triangular electronic structure around excess iron atoms in Fe$_{1+δ}$Te

We present scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy studies around an individual excess Fe atom, working as a local perturbation, in the parent material of the iron-chalcogenide superconductor Fe$_{1+δ}$Te. Spectroscopic imaging reveals a novel isosceles triangular electronic structure around the excess Fe atoms. Its spatial symmetry reects the underlying bicollinear antiferromagnetic spin state and the structural monoclinic symmetry. These findings provide important clues to understand the role of the excess Fe atoms, which complicate the understanding of the phenomena occurring in iron-chalcogenide materials.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2012

Reconstruction of the Structure of Accretion Disks in Dwarf Novae from the Multi-Band Light Curves of Early Superhumps

We propose a new method to reconstruct the structure of accretion disks in dwarf novae using multi-band light curves of early superhumps. Our model assumes that early superhumps are caused by the rotation effect of non-axisymmetrically flaring disks. We have developed a Bayesian model for this reconstruction, in which a smoother disk-structure tends to have a higher prior probability. We analyzed simultaneous optical and near-infrared photometric data of early superhumps of the dwarf nova, V455 And using this technique. The reconstructed disk has two flaring parts in the outermost region of the disk. These parts are responsible for the primary and secondary maxima of the light curves. The height-to-radius ratio is h/r=0.20-0.25 in the outermost region. In addition to the outermost flaring structures, flaring arm-like patterns can be seen in an inner region of the reconstructed disk. The overall profile of the reconstructed disk is reminiscent of the disk structure that is deformed by the tidal effect. However, an inner arm-like pattern, which is responsible for the secondary minimum in the light curve, cannot be reproduced only by the tidal effect. It implies the presence of another mechanism that deforms the disk structure. Alternatively, the temperature distribution of the disk could be non-axisymmetric. We demonstrate that the disk structure with weaker arm-like patterns is optimal in the model including the irradiation effect. However, the strongly irradiated disk gives quite blue colors, which may conflict with the observation. Our results suggest that the amplitude of early superhumps depends mainly on the height of the outermost flaring regions of the disk. We predict that early superhumps can be detected with an amplitude of >0.02 mag in about 90% of WZ Sge stars.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2011

SDSS J080434.20+510349.2: Cataclysmic Variable Witnessing the Instability Strip?

SDSS J080434.20+510349.2 is the 13th dwarf nova containing a pulsating white dwarf. Among the accreting pulsators that have experienced a dwarf novae outburst, SDSS J0804 has the most dramatic history of events within a short time scale: the 2006 outburst with 11 rebrightenings, series of December 2006 - January 2007 mini-outbursts, the 2010 outburst with 6 rebrightenings. Over 2006-2011, SDSS J080434.20+510349.2 in addition to positive 0.060^d superhumps during the outburst and 1-month post-outburst stage, 0.059005^d orbital humps in quiescence, displayed a significant short-term variations with periods P1 = 12.6 min, P2 = 21.7 min, P3 = 14.1 min and P4 = 4.28 min. The 12.6-min periodicity first appeared 7 months after the 2006 outburst and was the most prominent one during the following \sim 900 days. It was identified as non-radial pulsations of the white dwarf. The period of this pulsations varied within a range of 36 s, and amplitude changed from 0.013m to 0.03m. Simultaneously one could observe the 21.7-min and 14.3-min periodicities with a much lower significance level. During the minioutbursts the 21.7-min periodicity became the most powerful, the 12.6-min periodicity was less powerful, and the 12.6-min periodicity had the lowest significance. After the 2011 outburst the most prominent short-term periodicity appeared \sim 7 months after the outburst, but at 4.28 min. We identified that variability with periods P2, P3 and P4 could be additional pulsation modes, however the relation of P4 to white dwarf pulsation also can't be excluded.

astro-ph.SR↗

arXiv2010

Electronic structure of pristine and K-doped solid picene: Non-rigid-band change and its implication for electron-intramolecular-vibration interaction

We use photoemission spectroscopy to study electronic structures of pristine and K-doped solid picene. The valence band spectrum of pristine picene consists of three main features with no state at the Fermi level (EF), while that of K-doped picene has three structures similar to those of pristine picene with new states near EF, consistent with the semiconductor-metal transition. The K-induced change cannot be explained with a simple rigid-band model of pristine picene, but can be interpreted by molecular orbital calculations considering electron-intramolecular-vibration interaction. Excellent agreement of the K-doped spectrum with the calculations points to importance of electron-intramolecular-vibration interaction in K-doped picene.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2010

Dwarf Novae in the Shortest Orbital Period Regime: II. WZ Sge Stars as the Missing Population near the Period Minimum

WZ Sge-type dwarf novae are characterized by long recurrence times of outbursts (~10 yr) and short orbital periods (<~ 85 min). A significant part of WZ Sge stars may remain undiscovered because of low outburst activity. Recently, the observed orbital period distribution of cataclysmic variables (CVs) has changed partly because outbursts of new WZ Sge stars have been discovered routinely. Hence, the estimation of the intrinsic population of WZ Sge stars is important for the study of the population and evolution of CVs. In this paper, we present a Bayesian approach to estimate the intrinsic period distribution of dwarf novae from observed samples. In this Bayesian model, we assumed a simple relationship between the recurrence time and the orbital period which is consistent with observations of WZ Sge stars and other dwarf novae. As a result, the minimum orbital period was estimated to be ~70 min. The population of WZ Sge stars exhibited a spike-like feature at the shortest period regime in the orbital period distribution. These features are consistent with the orbital period distribution previously predicted by population synthesis studies. We propose that WZ Sge stars and CVs with a low mass-transfer rate are excellent candidates for the missing population predicted by the evolution theory of CVs.

astro-ph.SR↗

arXiv2009

Microwave Surface-Impedance Measurements of the Magnetic Penetration Depth in Single Crystal Ba1-xKxFe2As2 Superconductors: Evidence for a Disorder-Dependent Superfluid Density

We report high-sensitivity microwave measurements of the in-plane penetration depth $λ_{ab}$ and quasiparticle scattering rate $1/τ$ in several single crystals of hole-doped Fe-based superconductor Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$Fe$_2$As$_2$ ($x\approx 0.55$). While power-law temperature dependence of $λ_{ab}$ with the power $\sim 2$ is found in crystals with large $1/τ$, we observe exponential temperature dependence of superfluid density consistent with the existence of fully opened two gaps in the cleanest crystal we studied. The difference may be a consequence of different level of disorder inherent in the crystals. We also find a linear relation between the low-temperature scattering rate and the density of quasiparticles, which shows a clear contrast to the case of d-wave cuprate superconductors with nodes in the gap. These results demonstrate intrinsically nodeless order parameters in the Fe-arsenides.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2009

Lower Critical Fields of Superconducting PrFeAsO$_{1-y}$ Single Crystals

We have studied the lower critical fields H_{c1} of superconducting iron oxipnictide PrFeAsO_{1-y} single crystals for H parallel and perpendicular to the ab-planes. Measurements of the local magnetic induction at positions straddling the sample edge by using a miniature Hall-sensor array clearly resolve the first flux penetration from the Meissner state. The temperature dependence of H_{c1} for H || c is well scaled by the in-plane penetration depth without showing any unusual behavior, in contrast to previous reports. The anisotropy of penetration lengths at low temperatures is estimated to be ~ 2.5, which is much smaller than the anisotropy of the coherence lengths. This is indicative of multiband superconductivity in this system, in which the active band for superconductivity is more anisotropic. We also point out that the local induction measured at a position near the center of the crystal, which has been used in a number of reports for the determination of H_{c1}, might seriously overestimate the obtained H_{c1}-value.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2008

Theory of fractional vortex escape in a 0-kappa long Josephson junction

We consider a fractional Josephson vortex in an infinitely long 0-kappa Josephson junction. A uniform bias current applied to the junction exerts a Lorentz force acting on a vortex. When the bias current becomes equal to the critical (or depinning) current, the Lorentz force tears away an integer fluxon and the junction switches to the resistive state. In the presence of thermal and quantum fluctuations this escape process takes place with finite probability already at subcritical values of the bias current. We analyze the escape of a fractional vortex by mapping the Josephson phase dynamics to the dynamics of a single particle in a metastable potential and derive the effective parameters of this potential. This allows us to predict the behavior of the escape rate as a function of the topological charge of the vortex.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2008

Microwave Penetration Depth and Quasiparticle Conductivity in PrFeAsO_1-y Single Crystals : Evidence for a Full-Gap Superconductor

In-plane microwave penetration depth $λ_{ab}$ and quaiparticle conductivity at 28 GHz are measured in underdoped single crystals of the Fe-based superconductor PrFeAsO$_{1-y}$ ($T_c\approx 35$ K) by using a sensitive superconducting cavity resonator. $λ_{ab}(T)$ shows flat dependence at low temperatures, which is incompatible with the presence of nodes in the superconducting gap $Δ({\bf k})$. The temperature dependence of the superfluid density demonstrates that the gap is non-zero ($Δ/k_BT_c\gtrsim 1.6$) all over the Fermi surface. The microwave conductivity below $T_c$ exhibits an enhancement larger than the coherence peak, reminiscent of high-$T_c$ cuprate superconductors.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2008

Entanglement of Solid Vortex Matter: A Boomerang Shaped Reduction Forced by Disorder in Interlayer Phase Coherence in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+y

We present evidence for entangled solid vortex matter in a glassy state in a layered superconductor Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+y}$ containing randomly splayed linear defects. The interlayer phase coherence--probed by the Josephson plasma resonance--is enhanced at high temperatures, reflecting the recoupling of vortex liquid by the defects. At low temperatures in the vortex solid state, the interlayer coherence follows a boomerang-shaped reentrant temperature path with an unusual low field decrease in coherence, indicative of meandering vortices. We uncover a distinct temperature scaling between in-plane and out-of-plane critical currents with opposing dependencies on field and time, consistent with the theoretically proposed "splayed-glass" state.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2008

Doping Dependence of Two Energy Scales in the Tunneling Spectra of Superconducting La$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$

Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy have been performed on superconducting La$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$ ($x=0.06, 0.12, 0.16$, and 0.21) at 4.2 K. Atomically resolved surface topography has been observed on the $ab$ surface, which exhibits a one-dimensional structure corresponding to the buckling pattern of the orthorhombic phase. The tunneling spectra of all samples exhibit kinks at about $\pm 5$ meV in addition to the energy gap, indicating the existence of two energy scales. While the gap magnitude varies on the length scale of a few nm and steadily increases upon underdoping, the kink energy is spatially uniform on the surface and almost independent of the doping level.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2007

Discovery of a WZ Sge-Type Dwarf Nova, SDSS J102146.44+234926.3: Unprecedented Infrared Activity during a Rebrightening Phase

Several SU UMa-type dwarf novae, in particular, WZ Sge-type stars tend to exhibit rebrightenings after superoutbursts. The rebrightening phenomenon is problematic for the disk instability theory of dwarf novae since it requires a large amount of remnant matter in the disk even after superoutbursts. Here, we report our optical and infrared observations during the first-ever outburst of a new dwarf nova, SDSS J102146.44+234926.3. During the outburst, we detected superhumps with a period of 0.056281 +/- 0.000015 d, which is typical for superhump periods in WZ Sge stars. In conjunction with the appearance of a long-lived rebrightening, we conclude that the object is a new member of WZ Sge stars. Our observations, furthermore, revealed infrared behaviors for the first time in the rebrightening phase of WZ Sge stars. We discovered prominent infrared superhumps. We calculate the color temperature of the infrared superhump source to be 4600-6400 K. These temperatures are too low to be explained with a fully-ionized disk appearing during dwarf nova outbursts. We also found a Ks-band excess over the hot disk component. These unprecedented infrared activities provide evidence for the presence of mass reservoir at the outermost part of the accretion disk. We propose that a moderately high mass-accretion rate at this infrared active region leads to the long-lived rebrightening observed in SDSS J102146.44+234926.3.

astro-ph↗

arXiv2007

Decoherence in a superconducting flux qubit with a pi-junction

We consider the use of a pi-junction for flux qubits to realize degenerate quantum levels without external magnetic field. On the basis of the Caldeira-Leggett model, we derive an effective spin-Boson model, and study decoherece of this type of qubits. We estimate the dephasing time by using parameters from recent experiments of SIFS junctions, and show that high critical current and large subgap resistance are required for the pi-junction to realize a long coherent time.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗