arXiv subjects

T. Lappi

Publications and source records attributed to T. Lappi.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

arXiv2015

Direct numerical solution of the coordinate space Balitsky-Kovchegov equation at next to leading order

We present the first numerical solution to the next to leading order Balitsky-Kovchegov (BK) equation in coordinate space in the large-$N_\mathrm{c}$ limit. In addition to the dipole operator we also solve the evolution of the "conformal dipole" for which the conformal invariance breaking double logarithmic term is absent from the evolution equation. The NLO corrections are shown to slow down the evolution. We show that the solution depends strongly on the details of the initial condition, and that the solution to the equation is not positive definite with all initial conditions relevant for phenomenological applications.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2015

Exploring the properties of the phases of QCD matter - research opportunities and priorities for the next decade

This document provides a summary of the discussions during the recent joint QCD Town Meeting at Temple University of the status of and future plans for the research program of the relativistic heavy-ion community. A list of compelling questions is formulated, and a number of recommendations outlining the greatest research opportunities and detailing the research priorities of the heavy-ion community, voted on and unanimously approved at the Town Meeting, are presented. They are supported by a broad discussion of the underlying physics and its relation to other subfields. Areas of overlapping interests with the "QCD and Hadron Structure" ("cold QCD") subcommunity, in particular the recommendation for the future construction of an Electron-Ion Collider, are emphasized. The agenda of activities of the "hot QCD" subcommunity at the Town Meeting is attached.

nucl-th↗

arXiv2015

Azimuthal harmonics of color fields in a high energy nucleus

Recent experimental results have revealed a surprisingly rich structure of multiparticle azimuthal correlations in high energy proton-nucleus collisions. Final state collective effects can be responsible for many of the observed effects, but it has recently been argued that a part of these correlations are present already in the wavefunctions of the colliding particles. We evaluate the momentum space 2-particle cumulant azimuthal anisotropy coefficients v_n{2}, n=2,3,4 from fundamental representation Wilson line distributions describing the high energy nucleus. These would correspond to the flow coefficients in very forward proton nucleus scattering. We find significant differences beteen Wilson lines from the MV model and from JIMWLK evolution. The magnitude and transverse momentum dependence of the v_n{2} values suggest that the fluctuations present in the initial fields are a significant contribution to the observed anisotropies.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2015

Ballistic protons in incoherent exclusive vector meson production as a measure of rare parton fluctuations at an Electron-Ion Collider

We argue that the proton multiplicities measured in Roman pot detectors at an electron ion collider can be used to determine centrality classes in incoherent diffractive scattering. Incoherent diffraction probes the fluctuations in the interaction strengths of multi-parton Fock states in the nuclear wavefunctions. In particular, the saturation scale that characterizes this multi-parton dynamics is significantly larger in central events relative to minimum bias events. As an application, we study the centrality dependence of incoherent diffractive vector meson production. We identify an observable which is simultaneously very sensitive to centrality triggered parton fluctuations and insensitive to details of the model.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2014

Electron Ion Collider: The Next QCD Frontier - Understanding the glue that binds us all

This White Paper presents the science case of an Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), focused on the structure and interactions of gluon-dominated matter, with the intent to articulate it to the broader nuclear science community. It was commissioned by the managements of Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) with the objective of presenting a summary of scientific opportunities and goals of the EIC as a follow-up to the 2007 NSAC Long Range plan. This document is a culmination of a community-wide effort in nuclear science following a series of workshops on EIC physics and, in particular, the focused ten-week program on "Gluons and quark sea at high energies" at the Institute for Nuclear Theory in Fall 2010. It contains a brief description of a few golden physics measurements along with accelerator and detector concepts required to achieve them, and it benefited from inputs from the users' communities of BNL and JLab. This White Paper offers the promise to propel the QCD science program in the U.S., established with the CEBAF accelerator at JLab and the RHIC collider at BNL, to the next QCD frontier.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2014

Structure of chromomagnetic fields in the glasma

The initial stage of a heavy ion collision is dominated by nonperturbatively strong chromoelectric and -magnetic fields. The spatial Wilson loop provides a gauge invariant observable to probe the dynamics of the longitudinal chromomagnetic field. We discuss recent results from a real time lattice calculation of the area-dependence of the expectation value of the spatial Wilson loop. We show that at relatively early times after the collision, a universal scaling as a function of the area emerges at large distances for very different initial conditions, with a nontrivial critical exponent. A similar behavior has earlier been seen in calculations of the gluon transverse momentum spectrum, which becomes independent of the initial spectrum of gauge fields. We also show the distribution of eigenvalues of the spatial Wilson loop and the fluctuations of its real and imaginary parts.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2014

Diffractive vector meson production in ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions from the Color Glass Condensate

We compute cross sections for incoherent and coherent diffractive J/$Ψ$ and $Ψ(2S)$ production in ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions. The dipole models used in these calculations are obtained by fitting the HERA deep inelastic scattering data and compared with available electron-proton diffraction measurements. We obtain a reasonably good description of the available ALICE data. We find that the normalization of the ultraperipheral cross section has large model dependence, but the rapidity dependence is more tightly constrained.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2014

Dipole amplitude with uncertainty estimate from HERA data and applications in Color Glass Condensate phenomenology

We determine the initial condition for the small-$x$ evolution equation (BK) from the HERA deep inelastic scattering data using a new parametrization that also keeps the unintegrated gluon distribution positive. The obtained dipole amplitude and its uncertainty estimate can be used to compute single inclusive particle production in proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions. We argue that one has to use consistently the proton transverse area measured in DIS and the total inelastic cross section when calculating the single inclusive cross section. This leads to a midrapidity nuclear modification factor $R_{pA}$ that approaches unity at large transverse momentum, independently of the center-of-mass energy.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2014

Structure of longitudinal chromomagnetic fields in high energy collisions

We compute expectation values of spatial Wilson loops in the forward light cone of high-energy collisions. We consider ensembles of gauge field configurations generated from a classical Gaussian effective action as well as solutions of high-energy renormalization group evolution with fixed and running coupling. The initial fields correspond to a color field condensate exhibiting domain-like structure over distance scales of order the saturation scale. At later times universal scaling emerges at large distances for all ensembles, with a nontrivial critical exponent. Finally, we compare the results for the Wilson loop to the two-point correlator of magnetic fields.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2014

Proposal for a running coupling JIMWLK equation

In the CGC framework the initial stages of a heavy ion collision at high energy are described as "glasma" field configurations. The initial condition for these evolving fields depends, in the CGC effective theory, on a probability distribution for color charges. The energy dependence of this distribution can be calculated from the JIMWLK renormalization group equation. We discuss recent work on a practical implementation of the running coupling constant in the Langevin method of solving the JIMWLK equation.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2014

Particle production from the Color Glass Condensate: proton-nucleus collisions in light of the HERA data

We compute single inclusive hadron production in proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions consistently within the CGC framework. The parameters in the calculations are obtained from electron-proton DIS and standard nuclear geometry. We obtain a good description of the DIS data without an anomalous dimension in the initial condition of the BK evolution and get a good agreement with the available single inclusive proton-proton and proton-nucleus data.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2013

Particle Production in the Color Class Condensate: from electron-proton DIS to proton-nucleus collisions

We study single inclusive hadron production in proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions in the CGC framework. The parameters in the calculation are obtained by fitting electron-proton deep inelastic scattering data. The obtained dipole-proton amplitude is generalized to dipole-nucleus scattering without any additional nuclear parameters other than the Woods-Saxon distribution. We show that it is possible to use an initial condition without an anomalous dimension and still obtain a good description of the HERA inclusive cross section and LHC single particle production measurements. We argue that one must consistently use the proton transverse area as measured by a high virtuality probe in DIS also for the single inclusive cross section in proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions, and obtain a nuclear modification factor $R_{pA}$ that at midrapidity approaches unity at large momenta and at all energies.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2013

Models for exclusive vector meson production in heavy-ion collisions

We discuss coherent and incoherent photoproduction of $J/Ψ$ vector mesons in high energy heavy ion collisions. In a dipole picture for the photon both can be naturally related to the dipole cross section that is also probed in inclusive DIS. We compare results of a particular calculation to ALICE data.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2013

Single inclusive particle production at high energy from HERA data to proton-nucleus collisions

We study single inclusive hadron production in proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions in the CGC framework. The parameters in the calculation are determined solely by standard nuclear geometry and by electron-proton deep inelastic scattering data, which is fit using the running coupling BK equation. We show that it is possible to obtain a good fit of the HERA inclusive cross section also without an anomalous dimension in the initial condition. We argue that one must consistently use the proton transverse area as measured by a high virtuality probe in DIS also for the single inclusive cross section in proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions. We show that this leads to a midrapidity nuclear modification ratio R_pA that approaches unity at high transverse momentum independently of sqrt(s), in contrast to most CGC calculations in the literature. We also present predictions for future forward R_pA measurements at the LHC.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2013

Forward dihadron correlations in deuteron-gold collisions with a Gaussian approximation of JIMWLK

We compute dihadron correlations in forward deuteron-gold or proton-gold collisions. The running coupling BK equation is used to calculate the energy dependence of the dipole cross sections and extended to higher point Wilson line correlators using a factorized Gaussian approximation. Unlike some earlier works we include both the "inelastic" and "elastic" contributions to the dihadron cross section. We show that the double parton scattering contribution is included in our calculation and obtain both an away side peak that roughly agrees with experimental observations and an estimate for the azimuthal angle-independent pedestal. We find that nonlinear effects for momenta close to the saturation scale are clearly visible in the away side peak structure.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2013

J/Psi production in ultraperipheral Pb+Pb and p+Pb collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

We compute cross sections for incoherent and coherent diffractive J/Psi production in ultraperipheral nucleus-nucleus and proton-nucleus collisions using two different dipole models fitted to HERA data. We obtain a reasonably good description of the available ALICE data for coherent J/Ψproduction and present our prediction for the incoherent cross section. We also find that while the normalization of the cross section depends quite strongly on the dipole model and vector meson wave function used, the rapidity dependence is very well constrained.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2012

On the running coupling in the JIMWLK equation

We propose a new method to implement the running coupling constant in the JIMWLK equation, imposing the scale dependence on the correlation function of the random noise in the Langevin formulation. We interpret this scale choice as the transverse momentum of the emitted gluon in one step of the evolution and show that it is related to the "Balitsky" prescription for the BK equation. This slows down the evolution speed of a practical solution of the JIMWLK equation, bringing it closer to the x-dependence inferred from fits to HERA data. We further study our proposal by a numerical comparison of the BK and JIMWLK equations.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2012

Forward particle correlations in the color glass condensate

Multiparticle correlations, such as forward dihadron correlations in pA collisions, are an important probe of the strong color fields that dominate the initial stages of a heavy ion collision. We describe recent progress in understanding two-particle correlations in the dilute-dense system, e.g. at forward rapidity in deuteron-gold collisions. This requires evaluating higher point Wilson line correlators from the JIMWLK equation, which we find well described by a Gaussian approximation. We then calculate the dihadron correlation, including both the "elastic" and "inelastic" contributions, and show that our result includes the double parton scattering contribution.

hep-ph↗