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T. Mart

Publications and source records attributed to T. Mart.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

Coupling strength of the $N^*(1535)S_{11}$ to the $K^+Λ$ channel

The $N^*(1535)S_{11}$ coupling strength to the $K^+Λ$ channel, $g_{N^*(1535)ΛK^+}$, is extracted from the latest and largest $K^+Λ$ photoproduction database by using an isobar model. It is found that the coupling is small. In term of the coupling ratio the best result is $R\equiv |g_{N^*(1535)ΛK^+}/g_{N^*(1535)ηp}|=0.460\pm 0.172$, much smaller than that obtained from the isobar analysis of the $J/ψ$ decays, i.e., $1.3\pm 0.3$, but consistent with the results of the unitary chiral approach of the same decay processes as well as the partial wave analysis of kaon photoproduction, i.e., $R=0.5\sim 0.7$. The different results of $R$ found here and in literature to date suggest that a more solid definition of the coupling constant, especially in the case of $N^*(1535)S_{11}$ state, is urgently required, before a fair comparison can be made.

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Are hyperon resonances required in the elementary $K^+Λ$ photoproduction?

We have investigated the role of hyperon resonances in the kaon photoproduction process, $γp\to K^+Λ$, by using a covariant isobar model. To this end, new experimental data are used in the fitting process, whereas the old SAPHIR 1998 data are also used for comparison. The result indicates that the $Λ(1600)P_{01}$ and $Λ(1810)P_{01}$ hyperon resonances can significantly reduce the $χ^2$ and, simultaneously, can increase the hadronic form factor cut-off in the background terms. This finding is different from the result of the previous studies, which showed that the $Λ(1800)S_{01}$ was important for this purpose, instead of the $Λ(1600)P_{01}$.

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Nonidentical protons

We have calculated the proton charge radius by assuming that the real proton radius is not unique and the radii are randomly distributed in a certain range. This is performed by averaging the elastic electron-proton differential cross section over the form factor cut-off. By using a dipole form factor and fitting the middle value of the cut-off to the low $Q^2$ Mainz data, we found the lowest $χ^2/N$ for a cut-off $Λ=0.8203\pm 0.0003$ GeV, which corresponds to a proton charge radius $r_E=0.8333\pm 0.0004$ fm. The result is compatible with the recent precision measurement of the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen as well as recent calculations using more sophisticated techniques. Our result indicates that the relative variation of the form factor cut-off should be around 21.5%. Based on this result we have investigated effects of the nucleon radius variation on the symmetric nuclear matter (SNM) and the neutron star matter (NSM) by considering the excluded volume effect in our calculation. The mass-radius relation of neutron star is found to be sensitive to this variation. The nucleon effective mass in the SNM as well as the equation of state of both the SNM and the NSM exhibit a similar sensitivity.

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Origin of the second peak in the cross section of the $K^+Λ$ photoproduction

By using a covariant isobar model and the latest experimental data we have analyzed the role of the $P_{13}(1900)$ and $D_{13}(2080)$ resonances in the kaon photoproduction process $γp\to K^+Λ$. Special attention has been paid to the region where the second peak in the cross section is located, i.e. at total c.m. energies around 1.9 GeV. It is found that this peak originates mostly from the $P_{13}(1900)$ resonance contribution. Although the contribution of the $D_{13}(2080)$ resonance is not negligible, it is much smaller than that of the $P_{13}(1900)$ state. Our finding confirms that the $P_{13}(1900)$ resonance is also important in explaining the beam-recoil double polarization data $C_x$ and $C_z$, provided that the mass and the width of this resonance are 1871 and 131 MeV, respectively.

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Strange Particle Production Via The Weak Interaction

The differential cross sections for the neutrino-induced weak charged current production of strange particles in the threshold energy region are presented. The general representation of the weak hadronic current is newly developed in terms of eighteen unknown invariant amplitudes to parametrize the hadron vertex. The Born term approximation is used for the numerical calculations in the framework of the Cabibbo theory and SU(3) symmetry. For unpolarized octet baryons four processes are investigated, whereas in the case of polarized baryons only one process is chosen to study the sensitivity of the differential cross section to the various polarizations of the initial state nucleon and the final state hyperon.

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Appropriate observables for investigating narrow resonances in kaon photoproduction off a proton

The existence of non-strange partner of pentaquark, the J^p = 1/2^+ narrow resonance, has been investigated by utilizing kaon photoproduction off a proton. It is found that the corresponding mass is 1650 MeV and the appropriate observables for investigating this resonance are the recoiled hyperon polarization, the beam-recoil double polarization C_x, and differential cross section at backward angles. Future kaon photoproduction experiments at low energies should focus on these observables.

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Role of the $K_1$ meson in $K^0$ photoproduction off the deuteron

Neutral kaon photoproduction off the nucleon and deuteron has been reinvestigated by utilizing the new experimental data on both targets. An isobar model for elementary operator and impulse approximation for the reaction on the deuteron have been used. The available free parameters in the elementary model have been extracted from both elementary and deuteron data. In contrast to the elementary reaction, fitting the deuteron data requires an inclusion of weighting factor. The result indicates that the angular distribution of the elementary $K^0Λ$ process does not show backward peaking behavior.

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Evidence of the non-strange partner of pentaquark from the elementary $K^+Λ$ photoproduction

The existence of the $J^p=1/2^+$ narrow resonance predicted by the chiral soliton model has been investigated by utilizing the new kaon photoproduction data. For this purpose, we have constructed two phenomenological models, which are able to describe kaon photoproduction from threshold up to W=1730 MeV. By varying the resonance mass, width, and $KΛ$ branching ratio in this energy range we found that the most convincing mass of this resonance is 1650 MeV. Using this result we estimate the masses of other antidecuplet family members.

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Kaon photoproduction and electroproduction near threshold

We analyze the electromagnetic production of K^+Lambda and K^0Lambda near their production thresholds by using isobar models. In the K^+Lambda channel we show that the model can nicely describe the available experimental data. In the K^0Lambda channel we demonstrate that the K^0 charge form factor has sizable effects on the longitudinal cross section. By extending the model up to W = 1730 MeV, we are able to observe the existence of the narrow P_{11} (J^p = 1/2^+) resonance in the kaon photoproduction process. It is found that the most convincing mass (width) of this resonance is 1650 MeV (5 MeV).

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Photo- and electroproduction of the K^0Lambda near threshold and effects of the K^0 electromagnetic form factor

By extending our previous isobar model to the K^0Lambda isospin channel we investigate the properties of the K^0Lambda photo- and electroproduction at energies near threshold. It is found that the pseudovector (PV) coupling yields significantly larger cross section. Variation of the K_1 coupling constants has significant effect only on the PV model. The electromagnetic form factor of the neutral kaon K^0 is found to have a sizable effect on the longitudinal cross section of the K^0Lambda electroproduction near the threshold.

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Evidence for the J^p=1/2^+ narrow state at 1650 MeV in the photoproduction of KLambda

We have investigated the existence of the J^p=1/2^+ narrow resonance predicted by the chiral soliton model by utilizing the kaon photoproduction process gamma + p --> K^+ + Lambda. For this purpose we have constructed two phenomenological models based on our previous effective Lagrangian model, which are able to describe kaon photoproduction from threshold up to W = 1730 MeV. By varying the mass (width) of an inserted P_{11} resonance from 1620 to 1730 MeV (0.1 to 1 MeV and 1 to 10 MeV) a number of fits has been performed in order to search for the resonance mass. Our result indicates that the most promising candidate mass (width) of this resonance is 1650 MeV (5 MeV). Although our calculation does not exclude the possibility of narrow resonances with masses of 1680, 1700 and 1720 MeV, the mass of 1650 MeV is obtained for all phenomenological models used in this investigation. Variations of the resonance width and $KΛ$ branching ratio are found to have a mild effect on the chi^2. The possibility that the obtained result originates from other resonance states is also discussed.

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Electromagnetic production of hypernuclei

A formalism for the electromagnetic production of hypernuclei is developed where the cross section is written as a contraction between a leptonic tensor and a hadronic tensor. The hadronic tensor is written in a model-independent way by expanding it in terms of a set of five nuclear structure functions. These structure functions are calculated by assuming that the virtual photon interacts with only one bound nucleon. We use the most recent model for the elementary current operator which gives a good description of the experimental data for the corresponding elementary process. The bound state wave functions for the bound nucleon and hyperon are calculated within a relativistic mean-field model. We calculate the unpolarized triple differential cross section for the hypernuclear production process e + 12C --> e + K+ + 12_Lambda{B} as a function of the kaon scattering angle. The nuclear structure functions are calculated within a particle-hole model. The cross section displays a characteristic form of being large for small values of the kaon scattering angle with a smooth fall-off to zero with increasing angle. The shape of the cross section is essentially determined by the nuclear structure functions. In addition, it is found that for the unpolarized triple differential cross section one structure function is negligible over the entire range of the kaon scattering angle.

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Electromagnetic production of kaon near threshold

Kaon photo- and electroproduction off a proton near the production threshold are investigated by utilizing an isobar model. The background amplitude of the model is constructed from Feynman diagrams, whereas the resonance term is calculated by using the multipole formalism. It is found that both pseudoscalar and pseudovector models can nicely describe the available photoproduction data up to W = 50 MeV above the threshold. The Lambda resonance S_{01}(1800) is found to play an important role in improving the model. In the case of double polarization observables Ox and Oz our result corroborates the finding of Sandorfi et al. Due to the large contributions of the K* and K1 vector mesons, extending the model to the case of electroproduction is almost impossible unless either special form factors that strongly suppress their contributions are introduced or all hadronic coupling constants are refitted to both photo- and electroproduction databases, simultaneously. It is also concluded that investigation of the kaon electromagnetic form factor is not recommended near the threshold region.

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Neutral kaon photoproduction on the deuteron

Neutral kaon photoproduction on the deuteron has been investigated by including the final state effects and compared with the experimental data. Comparison shows that the models used in this calculation can reproduce the data in the $Σ$ channel regions fairly well but still give over predictions in the $Λ$ channel. It seems that the tensor target asymmetries are more suitable for studying the final state effects. The extractions of the elementary photoproduction amplitude are also demonstrated.

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Kaon photoproduction on the nucleon with constrained parameters

The new experimental data of kaon photoproduction on the nucleon, gamma p -> K+ Lambda, have been analyzed by means of a multipoles model. Different from the previous models, in this analysis the resonance decay widths are constrained to the values given by the Particle Data Group (PDG). The result indicates that constraining these parameters to the PDG values could dramatically change the conclusion of the important resonances in this reaction found in the previous studies.

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Effects of the higher partial waves and relativistic terms on the accuracy of the calculation of the hypertriton electroproduction

We have investigated the accuracies of calculations made by omitting the higher partial waves of nuclear wave functions and the elementary relativistic terms in the hypertriton electroproduction. We found that an accurate calculation would still be obtained if we used at least three lowest partial waves with isospin T = 0. Furthermore, we found that the omission of the relativistic terms in the elementary process amplitude could lead to a large deviation from the full calculation. We also present the cpu-times required to calculate the cross sections. For future consideration the use of these lowest partial waves is suggested, since the calculated cross section deviates only about 0.17 nb/sr (approximately 4%), at most, from the full calculation, whereas the cpu-time is reduced by a factor of 60. Comparison of our result with the available experimental data supports these findings.

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Electromagnetic Productions of KLambda and KSigma on the Nucleons

We briefly review the progress and problems in the electromagnetic production of KLambda on the nucleon. The problem of the data discrepancy in this channel as well as the corresponding physics consequence are highlighted. We also discuss the effect of the new beam-recoil polarization data Cx and Cz on our analysis. For this purpose we use the isobar model Kaon-Maid and a recent multipoles model that can describe recent experimental data. We also present a new multipoles model for the KSigma channels to complete our analysis.

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