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T. Novák

Publications and source records attributed to T. Novák.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2024

Model-independent Odderon results based on new TOTEM data on elastic pp collisions at 8 TeV

Evaluating the H(x, s; pp) scaling function of elastic proton-proton (pp) collisions from recent TOTEM data at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV and comparing it with the same function of elastic proton-antiproton (pp-) data of the D0 collaboration at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV, we find, from this comparison alone, an at least 3.79 sigma {\signal} of Odderon exchange. If we combine this model independently obtained result with that of a similar analysis but using TOTEM elastic pp scattering data at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV, which resulted in an at least 6.26 σ signal, the combined significance of Odderon exchange increases to at least 7.08 σ, model independently. Further combinations of various datasets in the TeV energy range are detailed in the manuscript

hep-ph↗
arXiv2024

Using polarization sensitive SMLM to infer the interaction strength of dye-plasmonic nanosphere systems

Single molecule microscopy has proven to be an effective tool to characterize the fluorophore-plasmonic structure interaction. However, as specific information is hidden in the emission, sophisticated evaluation is required. Here we investigated the emission polarization of rotationally mobile fluorophores near plasmonic Au/Ag alloy nanospheres both theoretically and experimentally. Our work surpasses the results of the previous studies in that it considers the rotational mobility of the fluorophores attached to metallic nanoparticles. Through theoretical modeling and elaborate numerical calculations we determined the expected measurable fluorescence polarization, and via DNA-PAINT single molecule measurements we validated the theoretical predictions. Our findings suggest that through measuring the polarization state of a sequence of single-molecule events, it is possible to infer the interaction strength of the dye-nanosphere system. A precise description requires elaborate calculations, however, a simplified model is able to predict the tendency of the polarization state with the change of experimental parameters.

physics.optics↗
arXiv2023

Recent $J/ψ$ results measured with PHENIX

Finalized PHENIX results are presented on $J/ψ$ modification from the RHIC system-size scan, which include $p$+Al, $p$+Au, and $^{3}$He+Au (small systems) collisions as well as $AA$ (large systems) collisions at forward and backward rapidity ($1.2<|y|<2.2$). Comparisons with state-of-the-art theory calculations and LHC data will be discussed. The forward rapidity data in small systems are well described by model calculations for all three systems, however, the backward rapidity $p$+Au and $^{3}$He+Au data are not reproduced by the shadowing calculation alone. $J/ψ$ $v_2$ meausrements in Au+Au collisions at forward rapidity is consistent with zero.

nucl-ex↗
arXiv2023

Model-independent Odderon results based on TOTEM data on elastic proton-proton scattering at 8 TeV

We complete the model-independent analysis of the scaling properties of the differential cross section of elastic proton-proton cross sections, including new TOTEM data published in 2022 at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV. We separate the signal and the background region with a new gating method. In the signal region, we find that the statistical significance of Odderon exchange from the combined 7.0 and 8.0 TeV $pp$ data of TOTEM and the 1.96 TeV $p\bar{p}$ data of D0 is at least 7.32$σ$. In the background region, the scaling functions of elastic proton-proton data at 7 and 8 TeV and that of elastic proton-antiproton scattering data at 1.96 TeV agree with a statistical significance not larger than 1.93$σ$.

hep-ex↗
arXiv2021

Characterisation of the dip-bump structure observed in proton-proton elastic scattering at $\sqrt s$ = 8 TeV

The TOTEM collaboration at the CERN LHC has measured the differential cross-section of elastic proton-proton scattering at $\sqrt{s} = 8\ {\rm TeV}$ in the squared four-momentum transfer range $0.2\ {\rm GeV^{2}} < |t| < 1.9\ {\rm GeV^{2}}$. This interval includes the structure with a diffractive minimum ("dip") and a secondary maximum ("bump") that has also been observed at all other LHC energies, where measurements were made. A detailed characterisation of this structure for $\sqrt{s} = 8\ {\rm TeV}$ yields the positions, $|t|_{\rm dip} = (0.521 \pm 0.007)\ {\rm GeV^2}$ and $|t|_{\rm bump} = (0.695 \pm 0.026)\ {\rm GeV^2}$, as well as the cross-section values, ${{\rm d}σ/{\rm d} t}_{\rm dip} = (15.1 \pm 2.5)\ {\rm{μb/GeV^2}}$ and ${{\rm d}σ/{\rm d} t}_{\rm bump} = (29.7 \pm 1.8)\ {\rm{μb/GeV^2}}$, for the dip and the bump, respectively.

hep-ex↗
arXiv2020

Scaling of high-energy elastic scattering and the observation of Odderon

We provide a statistically significant observation of the elusive Odderon exchange, based on novel and model-independent analysis of the scaling properties of the differential cross sections of elastic $pp$ and $p\bar p$ scattering in the TeV energy range. We report the statistical significance of the observed Odderon signal at the level of 6.26$σ$.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2018

Elastic differential cross-section ${\rm d}σ/{\rm d}t$ at $\sqrt{s}=$2.76 TeV and implications on the existence of a colourless 3-gluon bound state

The proton-proton elastic differential cross section ${\rm d}σ/{\rm d}t$ has been measured by the TOTEM experiment at $\sqrt{s}=2.76$ TeV energy with $β^{*}=11$ m beam optics. The Roman Pots were inserted to 13 times the transverse beam size from the beam, which allowed to measure the differential cross-section of elastic scattering in a range of the squared four-momentum transfer ($|t|$) from $0.36$ GeV$^{2}$ to $0.74$ GeV$^{2}$. The differential cross-section can be described with an exponential in the $|t|$-range between $0.36$ GeV$^{2}$ and $0.54$ GeV$^{2}$, followed by a diffractive minimum (dip) at $|t_{\rm dip}| = 0.61 \pm 0.03$ GeV$^{2}$ and a subsequent maximum (bump). The ratio of the ${\rm d}σ/{\rm d}t$ at the bump and at the dip is $1.7\pm 0.2$. When compared to the $\rm p\bar{p}$ measurement of the D0 experiment at $\sqrt s = 1.96$ TeV, a significant difference can be observed. Under the condition that the effects due to the energy difference between TOTEM and D0 can be neglected, the result provides evidence for a colourless 3-gluon bound state exchange in the $t$-channel of the proton-proton elastic scattering.

hep-ex↗
arXiv2018

Elastic differential cross-section measurement at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV by TOTEM

The TOTEM collaboration has measured the elastic proton-proton differential cross section ${\rm d}σ/{\rm d}t$ at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV LHC energy using dedicated $β^{*}=90$ m beam optics. The Roman Pot detectors were inserted to 10$σ$ distance from the LHC beam, which allowed the measurement of the range $[0.04$ GeV$^{2}$$; 4 $GeV$^{2}$$]$ in four-momentum transfer squared $|t|$. The efficient data acquisition allowed to collect about 10$^{9}$ elastic events to precisely measure the differential cross-section including the diffractive minimum (dip), the subsequent maximum (bump) and the large-$|t|$ tail. The average nuclear slope has been found to be $B=(20.40 \pm 0.002^{\rm stat} \pm 0.01^{\rm syst})~$GeV$^{-2}$ in the $|t|$-range $0.04~$GeV$^{2}$ to $0.2~$GeV$^{2}$. The dip position is $|t_{\rm dip}|=(0.47 \pm 0.004^{\rm stat} \pm 0.01^{\rm syst})~$GeV$^{2}$. The differential cross section ratio at the bump vs. at the dip $R=1.77\pm0.01^{\rm stat}$ has been measured with high precision. The series of TOTEM elastic pp measurements show that the dip is a permanent feature of the pp differential cross-section at the TeV scale.

hep-ex↗
arXiv2018

First determination of the $ρ$ parameter at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV -- probing the existence of a colourless three-gluon bound state

The TOTEM experiment at the LHC has performed the first measurement at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV of the $ρ$ parameter, the real to imaginary ratio of the nuclear elastic scattering amplitude at $t=0$, obtaining the following results: $ρ= 0.09 \pm 0.01$ and $ρ= 0.10 \pm 0.01$, depending on different physics assumptions and mathematical modelling. The unprecedented precision of the $ρ$ measurement, combined with the TOTEM total cross-section measurements in an energy range larger than 10 TeV (from 2.76 to 13 TeV), has implied the exclusion of all the models classified and published by COMPETE. The $ρ$ results obtained by TOTEM are compatible with the predictions, from alternative theoretical models both in the Regge-like framework and in the QCD framework, of a colourless 3-gluon bound state exchange in the $t$-channel of the proton-proton elastic scattering. On the contrary, if shown that the 3-gluon bound state $t$-channel exchange is not of importance for the description of elastic scattering, the $ρ$ value determined by TOTEM would represent a first evidence of a slowing down of the total cross-section growth at higher energies. The very low-$|t|$ reach allowed also to determine the absolute normalisation using the Coulomb amplitude for the first time at the LHC and obtain a new total proton-proton cross-section measurement $σ_{tot} = 110.3 \pm 3.5$ mb, completely independent from the previous TOTEM determination. Combining the two TOTEM results yields $σ_{tot} = 110.5 \pm 2.4$ mb.

hep-ex↗
arXiv2018

Interpreting BEC in e+e- annihilation

The usual interpretation of Bose-Einstein correlations (BEC) of identical boson pairs relates the width of the peak in the correlation function at small relative four-momentum to the spatial extent of the source of the bosons. However, in the tau-model, which successfully describes BEC in hadronic Z decay, the width of the peak is related to the temporal extent of boson emission. Some new checks on the validity of both the tau-model and the usual descriptions are presented.

hep-ex↗
arXiv2018

First measurement of elastic, inelastic and total cross-section at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV by TOTEM and overview of cross-section data at LHC energies

The TOTEM collaboration has measured the proton-proton total cross section at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with a luminosity-independent method. Using dedicated $β^{*}=90$ m beam optics, the Roman Pots were inserted very close to the beam. The inelastic scattering rate has been measured by the T1 and T2 telescopes during the same LHC fill. After applying the optical theorem the total proton-proton cross section is $σ_{\rm tot}=(110.6 \pm 3.4$) mb, well in agreement with the extrapolation from lower energies. This method also allows one to derive the luminosity-independent elastic and inelastic cross sections: $σ_{\rm el} = (31.0 \pm 1.7)$ mb and $σ_{\rm inel} = (79.5 \pm 1.8)$ mb.

hep-ex↗
arXiv2017

Diamond Detectors for the TOTEM Timing Upgrade

This paper describes the design and the performance of the timing detector developed by the TOTEM Collaboration for the Roman Pots (RPs) to measure the Time-Of-Flight (TOF) of the protons produced in central diffractive interactions at the LHC. The measurement of the TOF of the protons allows the determination of the longitudinal position of the proton interaction vertex and its association with one of the vertices reconstructed by the CMS detectors. The TOF detector is based on single crystal Chemical Vapor Deposition (scCVD) diamond plates and is designed to measure the protons TOF with about 50 ps time precision. This upgrade to the TOTEM apparatus will be used in the LHC run 2 and will tag the central diffractive events up to an interaction pileup of about 1. A dedicated fast and low noise electronics for the signal amplification has been developed. The digitization of the diamond signal is performed by sampling the waveform. After introducing the physics studies that will most profit from the addition of these new detectors, we discuss in detail the optimization and the performance of the first TOF detector installed in the LHC in November 2015.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2016

Quark Wars - a particle physics outreach game in the age of Star Wars

Quark Wars is an all-new, adventure style game. We recommended playing it outdoors. Quark Wars is modeled upon the outdoor game called Hungarian Number War, with notable influence from Star Wars, the American epic space saga. The players form two opposing teams. Both teams elect their own leader. The team members and their leaders wear particle war bonnets on their foreheads. These headdresses consist of three or four cards indicating combinations of elementary particles. The two teams compete by identifying (reading out loudly) the elementary particle cards on the foreheads of their adversaries. Players are allowed to use the terrain to cover their particle identity on their foreheads and may try to hide, run, or band together in a group to win. Quark Wars was tested at a Summer Camp of Berze Science Club in Hungary. Students loved playing Quark Wars, as this game resulted in lots of hilarity and action. In addition, Quark Wars also solidified particle terminology and made the concept of particle identification and discovery more tangible to secondary/middle school students.

physics.pop-ph↗
arXiv2016

Model independent analysis of nearly Lévy correlations

A model-independent method for the analysis of the two-particle short-range correlations is presented, that can be utilized to describe e.g. Bose-Einstein (HBT), dynamical (ridge) or other correlation functions, that have a nearly Lévy or streched exponential shape. For the special case of Lévy exponent alpha = 1, the earlier Laguerre expansions are recovered, for the alpha = 2 special case, a new expansion method is obtained for nearly Gaussian correlation functions. Multi-dimensional Lévy expansions are also introduced and their potential application to analyze rigde correlation data is discussed.

physics.data-an↗
arXiv2012

Elastic Scattering and Total Cross-Section in p+p reactions measured by the LHC Experiment TOTEM at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

Proton-proton elastic scattering has been measured by the TOTEM experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider at $\sqrt{s} = 7 $ TeV in special runs with the Roman Pot detectors placed as close to the outgoing beam as seven times the transverse beam size. The differential cross-section measurements are reported in the |t|-range of 0.36 to 2.5 GeV^2. Extending the range of data to low t values from 0.02 to 0.33 GeV^2,and utilizing the luminosity measurements of CMS, the total proton-proton cross section at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV is measured to be (98.3 +- 0.2(stat) +- 2.8(syst)) mb.

hep-ex↗
arXiv2011

Bose-Einstein Correlations and the Tau-Model

Bose-Einstein correlations of pairs of identical charged pions produced in hadronic Z decays are analyzed in terms of various parametrizations. A good description is achieved using a Lévy stable distribution in conjunction with a model where a particle's momentum is highly correlated with its space-time point of production, the tau model. However, a small but significant elongation of the particle emission region is observed in the Longitudinal Center of Mass frame, which is not accommodated in the tau model. This is investigated using an ad hoc modification of the tau model.

hep-ex↗