arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Tadele Mengesha.
In this note we prove an estimate on the level sets of a function with $(p, q)$ growth that depends on the difference quotient of a bounded weak solution to a nonlocal double phase equation. This estimate is related to a self improving property of these solutions.
We prove higher Sobolev regularity for bounded weak solutions to a class of nonlinear nonlocal integro-differential equations. The leading operator exhibits nonuniform growth, switching between two different fractional elliptic ``phases" that are determined by the zero set of a modulating coefficient. Solutions are shown to improve both in integrability and differentiability. These results apply to operators with rough kernels and modulating coefficients. To obtain these results we adapt a particular fractional version of the Gehring lemma developed by Kuusi, Mingione, and Sire in their work ``Nonlocal self-improving properties" Anal. PDE, 8(1):57--114 for the specific nonlinear setting under investigation in this manuscript.
We consider the flow of a viscous incompressible fluid through a porous medium. We allow the permeability of the medium to depend exponentially on the pressure and provide an analysis for this model. We study a splitting formulation where a convection diffusion problem is used to define the permeability, which is then used in a linear Darcy equation. We also study a discretization of this problem, and provide an error analysis for it.
We study interior $L^p$-regularity theory, also known as Calderon-Zygmund theory, of the equation \[ \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} \frac{K(x,y)\ (u(x)-u(y))\, (φ(x)-φ(y))}{|x-y|^{n+2s}}\, dx\, dy = \langle f, φ\rangle \quad φ\in C_c^\infty(\mathbb{R}^n). \] For $s \in (0,1)$, $t \in [s,2s]$, $p \in [2,\infty)$, $K$ an elliptic, symmetric, Hölder continuous kernel, if $f \in \left (H^{t,p'}_{00}(Ω)\right )^\ast$, then the solution $u$ belongs to $H^{2s-t,p}_{loc}(Ω)$ as long as $2s-t < 1$. The increase in differentiability is independent of the Hölder coefficient of $K$. For example, our result shows that if $f\in L^{p}_{loc}$ then $u\in H^{2s-δ,p}_{loc}$ for any $δ\in (0, s]$ as long as $2s-δ< 1$. This is different than the classical analogue of divergence-form equations ${\rm div}(\bar{K} \nabla u) = f$ (i.e. $s=1$) where a $C^γ$-Hölder continuous coefficient $\bar{K}$ only allows for estimates of order $H^{1+γ}$. In fact, it is another appearance of the differential stability effect observed in many forms by many authors for this kind of nonlocal equations -- only that in our case we do not get a "small" differentiability improvement, but all the way up to $\min\{2s-t,1\}$. The proof argues by comparison with the (much simpler) equation \[ \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} K(z,z) (-Δ)^{\frac{t}{2}} u(z) \, (-Δ)^{\frac{2s-t}{2}} φ(z)\, dz = \langle g,φ\rangle \quad φ\in C_c^\infty(\mathbb{R}^n). \] and showing that as long as $K$ is Hölder continuous and $s,t, 2s-t \in (0,1)$ then the "commutator" \[ \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} K(z,z) (-Δ)^{\frac{t}{2}} u(z) \, (-Δ)^{\frac{2s-t}{2}} φ(z)\, dz - c\int_{\mathbb{R}^n} \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} \frac{K(x,y)\ (u(x)-u(y))\, (φ(x)-φ(y))}{|x-y|^{n+2s}}\, dx\, dy \] behaves like a lower order operator.
We prove existence and uniqueness of strong (pointwise) solutions to a linear nonlocal strongly coupled hyperbolic system of equations posed on all of Euclidean space. The system of equations comes from a linearization of a nonlocal model of elasticity in solid mechanics. It is a nonlocal analogue of the Navier-Lamé system of classical elasticity. We use a well-known semigroup technique that hinges on the strong solvability of the corresponding steady-state elliptic system. The leading operator is an integro-differential operator characterized by a distinctive matrix kernel which is used to couple differences of components of a vector field. For an operator possessing an asymmetric kernel comparable to that of the fractional Laplacian, we prove the $L^2$-solvability of the elliptic system in a Bessel potential space using the Fourier transform and \textit{a priori} estimates. This $L^2$-solvability together with the Hille-Yosida theorem is used to prove the well posedness of the wave-type time dependent problem. For the fractional Laplacian kernel we extend the solvability to $L^p$ spaces using classical multiplier theorems.
We show that weak solutions to the strongly-coupled system of nonlocal equations of linearized peridynamics belong to a potential space with higher integrability. Specifically, we show a function that measures local fractional derivatives of weak solutions to a linear system belongs to $L^p$ for some $p > 2$ with no additional assumption other than measurability and ellipticity of coefficients. This is a nonlocal analogue of an inequality of Meyers for weak solutions to an elliptic system of equations. We also show that functions in $L^p$ whose Marcinkiewicz-type integrals are in $L^p$ in fact belong to the Bessel potential space $\mathcal{L}^{p}_s$. Thus the fractional analogue of higher integrability of the solution's gradient is displayed explicitly. The distinction here is that the Marcinkiewicz-type integral exhibits the coupling from the nonlocal model and does not resemble other classes of potential-type integrals found in the literature.
We show that a class of spaces of vector fields whose semi-norms involve the magnitude of "directional" difference quotients is in fact equivalent to the class of fractional Sobolev spaces. The equivalence can be considered a Korn-type characterization of fractional Sobolev spaces. We use the result to understand better the energy space associated to a strongly coupled system of nonlocal equations related to a nonlocal continuum model via peridynamics. Moreover, the equivalence permits us to apply classical space embeddings in proving that weak solutions to the nonlocal system enjoy both improved differentiability and improved integrability.
Local and global weighted norm estimates involving Muckenhoupt weights are obtained for gradient of solutions to linear elliptic Dirichlet boundary value problems in divergence form over a Lipschitz domain $Ω$. The gradient estimates are obtained in weighted Lebesgue and Lorentz spaces, which also yield estimates in Lorentz-Morrey spaces as well as Hölder continuity of solutions. The significance of the work lies on its applicability to very weak solutions (that belong to $W^{1,p}_{0}(Ω)$ for some $p>1$ but not necessarily in $W^{1,2}_{0}(Ω)$) to inhomogeneous equations with coefficients that may have discontinuities but have a small mean oscillation. The domain is assumed to have a Lipschitz boundary with small Lipschitz constant and as such allows corners. The approach implemented makes use of localized sharp maximal function estimates as well as known regularity estimates for very weak solutions to the associated homogeneous equations. The estimates are optimal in the sense that they coincide with classical weighted gradient estimates in the event the coefficients are continuous and the domain has smooth boundary.
In this work, we study the Dirichlet problem associated with a strongly coupled system of nonlocal equations. The system of equations comes from a linearization of a model of peridynamics, a nonlocal model of elasticity. It is a nonlocal analogue of the Navier-Lamé system of classical elasticity. The leading operator is an integro-differential operator characterized by a distinctive matrix kernel which is used to couple differences of components of a vector field. The paper's main contributions are proving well-posedness of the system of equations and demonstrating optimal local Sobolev regularity of solutions. We apply Hilbert space techniques for well-posedness. The result holds for systems associated with kernels that give rise to non-symmetric bilinear forms. The regularity result holds for systems with symmetric kernels that may be supported only on a cone. For some specific kernels associated energy spaces are shown to coincide with standard fractional Sobolev spaces.
We prove a fractional Hardy-type inequality for vector fields over the half space based on a modified fractional semi-norm. A priori, the modified semi-norm is not known to be equivalent to the standard fractional semi-norm and in fact gives a smaller norm, in general. As such, the inequality we prove improves the classical fractional Hardy inequality for vector fields. We will use the inequality to establish the equivalence of a space of functions (of interest) defined over the half space with the classical fractional Sobolev spaces, which amounts to proving a fractional version of the classical Korn's inequality.
This paper studies the Sobolev regularity of weak solution of degenerate elliptic equations in divergence form $\text{div}[\mathbf{A}(X) \nabla u] = \text{div}[\mathbf{F}(X)]$, where $X = (x,y) \in \mathbb{R}^{n} \times \mathbb{R}$ . The coefficient matrix $\mathbf{A}(X)$ is a symmetric, measurable $(n+1) \times (n+1)$ matrix, and it could be degenerate or singular in the one dimensional $y$-variable as a weight function in the Muckenhoupt class $A_2$ of weights. Our results give weighted Sobolev regularity estimates of Calderón-Zygmund type for weak solutions of this class of singular, degenerate equations. As an application of these estimates, we establish global Sobolev regularity estimates for solutions of the spectral fractional elliptic equation with measurable coefficients. This result can be considered as the Sobolev counterpart of the recently established Schauder regularity theory of fractional elliptic equations.
Global weighted $L^{p}$-estimates are obtained for the gradient of solutions to a class of linear singular, degenerate elliptic Dirichlet boundary value problems over a bounded non-smooth domain. The coefficient matrix is symmetric, nonnegative definite, and both its smallest and largest eigenvalues are proportion to a weight in a Muckenhoupt class. Under a smallness condition on the mean oscillation of the coefficients with the weight and a Reifenberg flatness condition on the boundary of the domain, we establish a weighted gradient estimate for weak solutions of the equation. A class of degenerate coefficients satisfying the smallness condition is characterized. A counter example to demonstrate the necessity of the smallness condition on the coefficients is given. Our $W^{1,p}$-regularity estimates can be viewed as the Sobolev's counterpart of the Hölder's regularity estimates established by B. Fabes, C. E. Kenig, and R. P. Serapioni in 1982.
We examine the composition of the $L^{\infty}$ norm with weakly convergent sequences of gradient fields associated with the homogenization of second order divergence form partial differential equations with measurable coefficients. Here the sequences of coefficients are chosen to model heterogeneous media and are piecewise constant and highly oscillatory. We identify local representation formulas that in the fine phase limit provide upper bounds on the limit superior of the $L^{\infty}$ norms of gradient fields. The local representation formulas are expressed in terms of the weak limit of the gradient fields and local corrector problems. The upper bounds may diverge according to the presence of rough interfaces. We also consider the fine phase limits for layered microstructures and for sufficiently smooth periodic microsturctures. For these cases we are able to provide explicit local formulas for the limit of the $L^\infty$ norms of the associated sequence of gradient fields. Local representation formulas for lower bounds are obtained for fields corresponding to continuously graded periodic microstructures as well as for general sequences of oscillatory coefficients. The representation formulas are applied to problems of optimal material design.
The paper introduces a general strategy for identifying strong local minimizers of variational functionals. It is based on the idea that any variation of the integral functional can be evaluated directly in terms of the appropriate parameterized measures. We demonstrate our approach on a problem of W^{1,infinity} weak-* local minima--a slight weakening of the classical notion of strong local minima. We obtain the first quasiconvexity-based set of sufficient conditions for W^{1,infinity} weak-* local minima.