arXiv subjects

Tamer Khatib

Publications and source records attributed to Tamer Khatib.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Operational Value of Multi-Horizon Load Forecasts for Energy Management in a Hydrogen-Enabled Community Microgrid

Hydrogen-enabled community microgrids can improve renewable energy use and local resilience, but their operation is complicated by uncertain residential demand, variable renewable generation, dynamic electricity prices, and coupled battery and hydrogen storage. This paper evaluates the operational value of multi-horizon community load forecasts when incorporated into a previously developed proximal policy optimization (PPO) energy management system for a 1,000-household residential microgrid in Rockhampton, Australia. Forecast accuracy is mixed. The 1-hour horizon achieves an RMSE of 239.32 kW and an R-squared value of 0.201, while the 6-hour and 12-hour horizons produce negative R-squared values. The 24-hour forecast achieves an RMSE of 249.79 kW, a MAPE of 62.52 percent, and an R-squared value of 0.126. In the reported single-seed PPO experiment, the forecast-enriched controller achieves a final reward 8.3 percent higher than the non-predictive controller. Annual savings increase from AUD 2,439.86 to AUD 2,765.83, representing an additional AUD 325.97 or 13.4 percent relative to the non-predictive savings. Grid imports decrease to 58,147.49 kWh. These results provide proof-of-concept evidence rather than multi-seed validation.

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arXiv2026

Feasibility-Aware Energy Management of a Hydrogen-Enabled Community Microgrid: A Proof-of-Concept Study

Hydrogen-enabled community microgrids require coordinated control of intermittent renewable generation and coupled battery and hydrogen storage. This paper presents a feasibility-aware proximal policy optimization (PPO) energy management system for a grid-connected microgrid comprising photovoltaic and wind generation, battery storage, an electrolyzer, a hydrogen tank, a fuel cell, and diesel backup. Raw continuous actions are projected onto the feasible operating set before evaluating the hourly power balance, ensuring operationally valid dispatch. The proof-of-concept study uses 8,760 hourly observations for a 1,000-household community in Rockhampton, Australia. The same annual chronology and one random seed were used for training and evaluation. Under a 1 percent independent hourly grid outage probability, the system achieved an annual net operating cash balance of AUD 195,690.67, load satisfaction of 99.77 percent, and a gross renewable share of 91.2 percent. After removing duplicated hydrogen electricity emissions, annual emissions were 1.342 kt CO2, equivalent to 0.328 kg CO2 per kWh of served demand and 0.087 kg CO2 per kWh of export-inclusive delivered energy. At a 5 percent outage probability, the cash balance decreased to AUD 169,892.21 and load satisfaction fell to 98.79 percent. Battery discharge and diesel generation increased more than fuel cell output. The results demonstrate feasible dispatch for the studied chronology, but broader validation requires unseen testing, multiple random seeds, benchmark controllers, export limits, and sustained outage scenarios.

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arXiv2026

An Integrated Techno-Economic Framework for Optimal Microgrid Design: An Australian Case Study

Reliable and affordable electricity supply remains a challenge for remote and regional communities, motivating the deployment of renewable-based microgrids supported by flexible storage and advanced planning methods. This paper proposes an integrated techno-economic framework for optimal microgrid design and robustness assessment, and applies it to a 1000-household residential community in Rockhampton, Queensland (Australia). The framework links time-series simulation, dispatch-based operation, and lifecycle costing to evaluate hybrid configurations comprising photovoltaic and wind generation, battery storage, diesel backup, grid exchange, and an optional hydrogen subsystem (electrolyzer--hydrogen storage--fuel cell). Key indicators include net present cost (NPC), cost of energy (COE), renewable penetration, energy purchased/sold, and emissions-related outcomes. To avoid conclusions that depend on a single set of assumptions, the study performs systematic sensitivity analysis across financial, technical and policy drivers: discount rate, technology capital costs, fuel price, load uncertainty, renewable resource variability, carbon pricing/emissions cost, and grid outage duration, supplemented by a no-hydrogen attribution case. The results demonstrate that several sensitivity dimensions induce nonlinear shifts in the optimal design, including breakpoints where capital-intensive renewable--storage expansion becomes economically preferable. The proposed framework enables transparent comparison of hydrogen-enabled and battery-centric solutions and provides planning guidance for resilient, low-emission community microgrids under Australian operating conditions.

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arXiv2014

Integration of Legacy Appliances into Home Energy Management Systems

The progressive installation of renewable energy sources requires the coordination of energy consuming devices. At consumer level, this coordination can be done by a home energy management system (HEMS). Interoperability issues need to be solved among smart appliances as well as between smart and non-smart, i.e., legacy devices. We expect current standardization efforts to soon provide technologies to design smart appliances in order to cope with the current interoperability issues. Nevertheless, common electrical devices affect energy consumption significantly and therefore deserve consideration within energy management applications. This paper discusses the integration of smart and legacy devices into a generic system architecture and, subsequently, elaborates the requirements and components which are necessary to realize such an architecture including an application of load detection for the identification of running loads and their integration into existing HEM systems. We assess the feasibility of such an approach with a case study based on a measurement campaign on real households. We show how the information of detected appliances can be extracted in order to create device profiles allowing for their integration and management within a HEMS.

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