arXiv subjects

Tatiana Rievajová

Publications and source records attributed to Tatiana Rievajová.

2 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Origin of radio polarization in pulsar polar caps

It is crucial to know the polarization properties of coherent radio waves that escape from pulsar polar caps to calculate the radiative transfer through the magnetosphere and to predict observable radio properties. We describe pair cascades in the pulsar polar cap, and we determine for the first time the Stokes parameters of the escaping radio waves from first-principle kinetic simulations for a pulsar with a magnetic obliquity of $60^{\circ}$. We present 3D particle-in-cell kinetic simulations that include quantum-electrodynamic pair cascades in a charge-limited flow from the stellar surface. Our model quantitatively and qualitatively explains the observed pulsar radio powers and spectra, the pulse profiles, polarization curves, their temporal variability, the strong Stokes-$L$ and weak Stokes-$V$ polarization components, the decline in the linear polarization with frequency, and the nonexistence of a radius-to-frequency relation. The observable properties of radio emission from the polar cap can vary and include single- or double-peaked profiles. Most of the Stokes~$V$ curves from our simulations appear to be antisymmetric, but symmetric curves are also present at some viewing angles. Although the polarization-angle (PA) swing of the radiation from the polar cap fits the rotating vector model (RVM) for most viewing angles, the angles obtained from the RVM do not correspond to the dipole geometry of the magnetic field. Instead, the PA is directly related to the plasma flows in the polar cap. Our simulations demonstrate that pair discharges close to the surface of the polar cap cause the radio emission of pulsars and determine the majority of their typically observed properties. The merits of RVM for estimations of the magnetic field geometry from observations need to be reevaluated.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2024

Poynting flux transport channels formed in polar cap regions of neutron star magnetospheres

Pair cascades in polar cap regions of neutron stars are considered to be an essential process in various models of coherent radio emissions of pulsars. The cascades produce pair plasma bunch discharges in quasi-periodic spark events. The cascade properties, and therefore also the coherent radiation, depend strongly on the magnetospheric plasma properties and vary significantly across and along the polar cap. Importantly, where the radio emission emanates from in the polar cap region is still uncertain. We investigate the generation of electromagnetic waves by pair cascades and their propagation in the polar cap for three representative inclination angles of a magnetic dipole, $0^\circ$, $45^\circ$, and $90^\circ$. We use two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations that include quantum-electrodynamic pair cascades in a charge-limited flow from the star surface. We find that the discharge properties are strongly dependent on the magnetospheric current profile in the polar cap and that transport channels for high intensity Poynting flux are formed along magnetic field lines where the magnetospheric currents approach zero and where the plasma cannot carry the magnetospheric currents. There, the parallel Poynting flux component is efficiently transported away from the star and may eventually escape the magnetosphere as coherent radio waves. The Poynting flux decreases with increasing distance from the star in regions of high magnetospheric currents. Our model shows that no process of energy conversion from particles to waves is necessary for the coherent radio wave emission. Moreover, the pulsar radio beam does not have a cone structure; rather, the radiation generated by the oscillating electric gap fields directly escapes along open magnetic field lines in which no pair creation occurs.

astro-ph.HE↗