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Terence Tao

Publications and source records attributed to Terence Tao.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
arXiv2004

Multilinear weighted convolution of $L^2$ functions, and applications to non-linear dispersive equations

The $X^{s,b}$ spaces, as used by Beals, Bourgain, Kenig-Ponce-Vega, Klainerman-Machedon and others, are fundamental tools to study the low-regularity behaviour of non-linear dispersive equations. It is of particular interest to obtain bilinear or multilinear estimates involving these spaces. By Plancherel's theorem and duality, these estimates reduce to estimating a weighted convolution integral in terms of the $L^2$ norms of the component functions. In this paper we systematically study weighted convolution estimates on $L^2$. As a consequence we obtain sharp bilinear estimates for the KdV, wave, and Schrödinger $X^{s,b}$ spaces.

math.AP↗
arXiv2003

Instability of the periodic nonlinear Schrodinger equation

We study the periodic non-linear Schrodinger equations with odd integer power nonlinearities, for initial data which are assumed to be small in some negative order Sobolev space, but which may have large L^2 mass. These equations are known to be illposed in H^s for all negative s, in the sense that the solution map fails to be uniformly continuous from H^s to itself, even for short times and small norms. Here we show that these equations are even more unstable. For the cubic equation, the solution map is discontinuous from H^s to even the space of distributions. For the quintic and higher order nonlinearities, there exist pairs of solutions which are uniformly bounded in H^s, are arbitrarily close in any C^N norm at time zero, and fail to be close in the distribution topology at an arbitrarily small positive time.

math.AP↗
arXiv2003

Recent progress on the restriction conjecture

The purpose of these notes is describe the state of progress on the restriction problem in harmonic analysis, with an emphasis on the developments of the past decade or so on the Euclidean space version of these problems for spheres and other hypersurfaces. As the field is quite large and has so many applications, it will be impossible to completely survey the field, but we will try to at least give the main ideas and developments in this area. The restriction problem are connected to many other conjectures, notably the Kakeya and Bochner-Riesz conjectures, as well as PDE conjectures such as the local smoothing conjecture. For reasons of space, we will not be able to discuss all these connections in detail; our main focus will be on proving restriction theorems for the Fourier transform.

math.CA↗
arXiv2003

On multilinear oscillatory integrals, nonsingular and singular

Basic questions concerning nonsingular multilinear operators with oscillatory factors are posed and partially answered. Lebesgue space norm inequalities are established for multilinear integral operators of Calderon-Zygmund type which incorporate oscillatory factors exp(iP), where P is a real-valued polynomial with large coefficients. A related problem concerning upper bounds for measures of sublevel sets is solved.

math.CA↗
arXiv2003

Ill-posedness for nonlinear Schrodinger and wave equations

The nonlinear wave and Schrodinger equations on Euclidean space of any dimension, with general power nonlinearity and with both the focusing and defocusing signs, are proved to be ill-posed in the Sobolev space of index s whenever the exponent s is lower than that predicted by scaling or Galilean invariances, or when the regularity is too low to support distributional solutions. This extends previous work of the authors, which treated the one-dimensional cubic nonlinear Schrodinger equation. In the defocusing case soliton or blowup examples are unavailable, and a proof of ill-posedness requires the construction of other solutions. In earlier work this was achieved using certain long-time asymptotic behavior which occurs only for low power nonlinearities. Here we analyze instead a class of solutions for which the zero-dispersion limit provides a good approximation.

math.AP↗
arXiv2003

A positive proof of the Littlewood-Richardson rule using the octahedron recurrence

We define the_hive ring_, which has a basis indexed by dominant weights for GL(n), and structure constants given by counting hives [KT1] (or equivalently honeycombs, or Berenstein-Zelevinsky patterns [BZ1]). We use the octahedron rule from [Robbins-Rumsey,Fomin-Zelevinsky,Propp,Speyer] to prove bijectively that this "ring" is indeed associative. This, and the Pieri rule, give a self-contained proof that the hive ring is isomorphic as a ring-with-basis to the representation ring of GL(n). In the honeycomb interpretation, the octahedron rule becomes "scattering" of the honeycombs. This recovers some of the "crosses and wrenches" diagrams from the very recent preprint [S], whose results we use to give a closed form for the associativity bijection.

math.CO↗
arXiv2003

Fuglede's conjecture is false in 5 and higher dimensions

We give an example of a set $Ω\subset \R^5$ which is a finite union of unit cubes, such that $L^2(Ω)$ admits an orthonormal basis of exponentials $\{\frac{1}{|Ω|^{1/2}} e^{2πi ξ_j \cdot x}: ξ_j \in Λ\}$ for some discrete set $Λ\subset \R^5$, but which does not tile $\R^5$ by translations. This answers a conjecture of Fuglede in the negative, at least in 5 and higher dimensions.

math.CO↗
arXiv2002

A sharp bilinear restriction estimate for paraboloids

Recently Wolff obtained a sharp $L^2$ bilinear restriction theorem for bounded subsets of the cone in general dimension. Here we adapt the argument of Wolff to also handle subsets of ``elliptic surfaces'' such as paraboloids and spheres. Except for an endpoint, this answers a conjecture of Machedon and Klainerman, and also improves upon the known restriction theory for the paraboloid and sphere.

math.CA↗
arXiv2002

L^p bounds for a maximal dyadic sum operator

We prove $L^p$ bounds in the range $1<p<\infty$ for a maximal dyadic sum operator on $\rn$. This maximal operator provides a discrete multidimensional model of Carleson's operator. Its boundedness is obtained by a simple twist of the proof of Carleson's theorem given by Lacey and Thiele, adapted in higher dimensions by Pramanik and Terwilleger. In dimension one, the $\lp$ boundedness of this maximal dyadic sum implies in particular an alternative proof of Hunt's extension of Carleson's theorem on almost everywhere convergence of Fourier integrals.

math.CA↗
arXiv2002

On a problem by Arens, Goldberg, and Luxemburg

We construct a normed algebra ${\calA}$ with norm $N(\cdot)$ over the reals, which is {\em quadrative} in the sense that $N(A^2) \le N(A)^2$ for all $A \in {\cal A}$, but is not 3-{\em bounded} in the sense that $N(A^3) \le N(A)^3$. This answers a question of Arens, Goldberg, and Luxemburg.

math.FA↗
arXiv2002

Polynomial upper bounds for the orbital instability of the 1D cubic NLS below the energy norm

We study the long-time behaviour of the focusing cubic NLS on $\R$ in the Sobolev norms $H^s$ for $0 < s < 1$. We obtain polynomial growth-type upper bounds on the $H^s$ norms, and also limit any orbital $H^s$ instability of the ground state to polynomial growth at worst; this is a partial analogue of the $H^1$ orbital stability result of Weinstein. In the sequel to this paper we generalize this result to other nonlinear Schrödinger equations. Our arguments are based on the ``$I$-method'' from our earlier papers, which pushes down from the energy norm, as well as an ``upside-down $I$-method'' which pushes up from the $L^2$ norm.

math.AP↗
arXiv2002

A new bound for finite field Besicovitch sets in four dimensions

Let $F$ be a finite field with characteristic greater than two. Define a \emph{Besicovitch set} in $F^4$ to be a set $P \subseteq F^4$ containing a line in every direction. The \emph{Kakeya conjecture} asserts that $|P| \approx |F|^4$. A result of Wolff establishes that $|P| \gtrsim |F|^3$. In this paper we improve this to $|P| \gtrapprox |F|^{3+\gain}$. On the other hand, we show that the bound of $|F|^3$ is sharp if we relax the assumption that the lines point in different directions. One new feature in the argument is the introduction of a small amount of basic algebraic geometry.

math.CA↗
arXiv2002

Bochner-Riesz summability for analytic functions on the m-complex unit sphere and for cylindrically symmetric functions on R^{n-1} times R

We prove that spectral projections of Laplace-Beltrami operator on the m-complex unit sphere E_{Delta_{S^{2m-1}}}([0,R)) are uniformly bounded as an operator from H^p(S^{2m-1}) to L^p(S^{2m-1}) for all p --> (1,infinity). We also show that the Bochner-Riesz conjecture is true when restricted to cylindrically symmetric functions on R^{n-1} times R.

math.CA↗
arXiv2002

Carleson measures, trees, extrapolation, and $T(b)$ theorems

The theory of Carleson measures, stopping time arguments, and atomic decompositions has been well-established in harmonic analysis. More recent is the theory of phase space analysis from the point of view of wave packets on tiles, tree selection algorithms, and tree size estimates. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the two theories are in fact closely related, by taking existing results and reproving them in a unified setting. In particular we give a dyadic version of extrapolation for Carleson measures, with two separate proofs, as well as a two-sided local dyadic $T(b)$ theorem which generalizes earlier $T(b)$ theorems of David, Journe, Semmes, and Christ.

math.CA↗
arXiv2002

The weak-type $(1,1)$ of Fourier integral operators of order $-(n-1)/2$

Let $T$ be a Fourier integral operator on $\R^n$ of order $-(n-1)/2$. It was shown by Seeger, Sogge, and Stein that $T$ mapped the Hardy space $H^1$ to $L^1$. In this note we show that $T$ is also of weak-type $(1,1)$. The main ideas are a decomposition of $T$ into non-degenerate and degenerate components, and a factorization of the non-degenerate portion.

math.CA↗
arXiv2002

Endpoint mapping properties of spherical maximal operators

For a function $f\in L^p(\Bbb R^d)$, $d\ge 2$, let $A_t f(x)$ be the mean of $f$ over the sphere of radius $t$ centered at $x$. Given a set $E\subset (0,\infty)$ of dilations we prove endpoint bounds for the maximal operator $M_E$ defined by $M_E f(x)=\sup_{t\in E} |A_t f(x)|$.

math.CA↗