arXiv subjects

Thomas Blum

Publications and source records attributed to Thomas Blum.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2020

Direct CP violation and the $ΔI=1/2$ rule in $K\toππ$ decay from the Standard Model

We present a lattice QCD calculation of the $ΔI=1/2$, $K\toππ$ decay amplitude $A_0$ and $\varepsilon'$, the measure of direct CP-violation in $K\toππ$ decay, improving our 2015 calculation of these quantities. Both calculations were performed with physical kinematics on a $32^3\times 64$ lattice with an inverse lattice spacing of $a^{-1}=1.3784(68)$ GeV. However, the current calculation includes nearly four times the statistics and numerous technical improvements allowing us to more reliably isolate the $ππ$ ground-state and more accurately relate the lattice operators to those defined in the Standard Model. We find ${\rm Re}(A_0)=2.99(0.32)(0.59)\times 10^{-7}$ GeV and ${\rm Im}(A_0)=-6.98(0.62)(1.44)\times 10^{-11}$ GeV, where the errors are statistical and systematic, respectively. The former agrees well with the experimental result ${\rm Re}(A_0)=3.3201(18)\times 10^{-7}$ GeV. These results for $A_0$ can be combined with our earlier lattice calculation of $A_2$ to obtain ${\rm Re}(\varepsilon'/\varepsilon)=21.7(2.6)(6.2)(5.0) \times 10^{-4}$, where the third error represents omitted isospin breaking effects, and Re$(A_0)$/Re$(A_2) = 19.9(2.3)(4.4)$. The first agrees well with the experimental result of ${\rm Re}(\varepsilon'/\varepsilon)=16.6(2.3)\times 10^{-4}$. A comparison of the second with the observed ratio Re$(A_0)/$Re$(A_2) = 22.45(6)$, demonstrates the Standard Model origin of this "$ΔI = 1/2$ rule" enhancement.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2020

On the application of Effective Field Theory to finite-volume effects in $a_μ^{\rm HVP}$

One of the more important systematic effects affecting lattice computations of the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, $a_μ^{\rm HVP}$, is the distortion due to a finite spatial volume. In order to reach sub-percent precision, these effects need to be reliably estimated and corrected for, and one of the methods that has been employed for doing this is finite-volume chiral perturbation theory. In this paper, we argue that finite-volume corrections to $a_μ^{\rm HVP}$ can, in principle, be calculated at any given order in chiral perturbation theory. More precisely, once all low-energy constants needed to define the Effective Field Theory representation of $a_μ^{\rm HVP}$ in infinite volume are known to a given order, also the finite-volume corrections can be predicted to that order in the chiral expansion.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2020

Time-lapse reconstruction of the fracture front from diffracted waves arrivals in laboratory hydraulic fracture experiments

4D acoustic imaging via an array of 32 sources / 32 receivers is used to monitor hydraulic fracture propagating in a 250~mm cubic specimen under a true-triaxial state of stress. We present a method based on the arrivals of diffracted waves to reconstruct the fracture geometry (and fluid front when distinct from the fracture front). Using Bayesian model selection, we rank different possible fracture geometries (radial, elliptical, tilted or not) and estimate model error. The imaging is repeated every 4 seconds and provide a quantitative measurement of the growth of these low velocity fractures. We test the proposed method on two experiments performed in two different rocks (marble and gabbro) under experimental conditions characteristic respectively of the fluid lag-viscosity (marble) and toughness (gabbro) dominated hydraulic fracture propagation regimes. In both experiments, about 150 to 200 source-receiver combinations exhibit clear diffracted wave arrivals. The results of the inversion indicate a radial geometry evolving slightly into an ellipse towards the end of the experiment when the fractures feel the specimen boundaries. The estimated modelling error with all models is of the order of the wave arrival picking error. Posterior estimates indicate an uncertainty of the order of a millimeter on the fracture front location for a given acquisition sequence. The reconstructed fracture evolution from diffracted waves is shown to be consistent with the analysis of $90^{\circ}$ incidence transmitted waves across the growing fracture.

physics.geo-ph↗

arXiv2020

Light quark vacuum polarization at the physical point and contribution to the muon $g-2$

We report on the computation of the connected light quark vacuum polarization with 2+1+1 flavors of HISQ fermions at the physical point and its contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. Three ensembles, generated by the MILC collaboration, are used to take the continuum limit. The finite volume correction to this result is computed in the (Euclidean) time-momentum representation to NNLO in chiral perturbation theory. We find $a_μ^{ll}({\rm HVP})=(659\pm 20\pm 5\pm 5\pm 4)\times 10^{-10}$, where the errors are statistical and estimates of residual uncertainties from taking the continuum limit, scale setting, and truncation of chiral perturbation theory at NNLO. We compare our results with recent ones in the literature.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2020

The hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment from lattice QCD

We report the first result for the hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment with all errors systematically controlled. Several ensembles using 2+1 flavors of physical mass Möbius domain-wall fermions, generated by the RBC/UKQCD collaborations, are employed to take the continuum and infinite volume limits of finite volume lattice QED+QCD. We find $a_μ^{\rm HLbL} = 7.87(3.06)_\text{stat}(1.77)_\text{sys}\times 10^{-10}$. Our value is consistent with previous model results and leaves little room for this notoriously difficult hadronic contribution to explain the difference between the Standard Model and the BNL experiment.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2020

Nucleon mass and isovector couplings in 2+1-flavor dynamical domain-wall lattice QCD near physical mass

We report nucleon mass, isovector vector and axial-vector charges, and tensor and scalar couplings, calculated using two recent 2+1-flavor dynamical domain-wall fermions lattice-QCD ensembles generated jointly by the RIKEN-BNL-Columbia and UKQCD collaborations. These ensembles were generated with Iwasaki $\times$ dislocation-suppressing-determinant-ratio gauge action at inverse lattice spacing of 1.378(7) GeV and pion mass values of 249.4(3) and 172.3(3) MeV. The nucleon mass extrapolates to a value $m_N = 0.950(5)$ GeV at physical point. The isovector vector charge renormalizes to unity in the chiral limit, narrowly constraining excited-state contamination in the calculation. The ratio of the isovector axial-vector to vector charges shows a deficit of about ten percent. The tensor coupling no longer depends on mass and extrapolates to 1.04(5) in $\overline {\rm MS}$ 2-GeV renormalization at physical point, in a good agreement with the value obtained at the lightest mass in our previous calculations and other calculations that followed. The scalar charge, though noisier, does not show mass dependence and is in agreement with other calculations.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2019

Hadronic light-by-light contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment from lattice QCD

We report preliminary results for the hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. Several ensembles using 2+1 flavors of Möbius domain-wall fermions, generated by the RBC/UKQCD collaborations, are employed to take the continuum and infinite volume limits of finite volume lattice QED+QCD. We find $a_μ^{\rm HLbL} = (7.41\pm6.33)\times 10^{-10}$

hep-lat↗

arXiv2019

Observation of perfect Andreev reflection due to Klein paradox in a topological superconducting state

In 1928, P. Dirac proposed a new wave equation to describe relativistic electrons. Shortly afterwards, O. Klein solved a simple potential step problem for the Dirac equation and stumbled upon an apparent paradox - the potential becomes transparent when the height is larger than the electron energy. For massless particles, backscattering is completely forbidden in Klein tunneling, leading to perfect transmission through any potential barrier. Recent advent of condensed matter systems with Dirac-like excitations, such as graphene and topological insulators (TIs), has opened the possibility of observing the Klein tunneling experimentally. In the surface states of TIs, fermions are bound by spin-momentum locking, and are thus immune to backscattering due to time-reversal symmetry. Here we report the observation of perfect Andreev reflection in point contact spectroscopy - a clear signature of Klein tunneling and a manifestation of the underlying relativistic physics of a proximity-induced superconducting state in a topological Kondo insulator.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2018

HISQ 2+1+1 light quark hadronic vacuum polarization at the physical point

We report on the computation of the light quark vacuum polarization with 2+1+1 flavors of H ISQ fermions at the physical point and its contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. Three ensembles, generated by the MILC collaboration, are used to take the continuum limit. We compare our result with recent ones in the literature.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2017

Using infinite volume, continuum QED and lattice QCD for the hadronic light-by-light contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment

In our previous work, the connected and leading disconnected hadronic light-by-light contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment (g - 2) have been computed using lattice QCD ensembles corresponding to physical pion mass generated by the RBC/UKQCD collaboration. However, the calculation is expected to suffer from a significant finite volume error that scales like $1/L^2$ where $L$ is the spatial size of the lattice. In this paper, we demonstrate that this problem is cured by treating the muon and photons in infinite volume, continuum QED, resulting in a weighting function that is pre-computed and saved with affordable cost and sufficient accuracy. We present numerical results for the case when the quark loop is replaced by a muon loop, finding the expected exponential approach to the infinite volume limit and consistency with the known analytic result. We have implemented an improved weighting function which reduces both discretization and finite volume effects arising from the hadronic part of the amplitude.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2016

The connected and leading disconnected diagrams of the hadronic light-by-light contribution to muon $g - 2$

We report our recent lattice calculation of hadronic light-by-light contribution to muon $g-2$ using our recently developed moment method. The connected diagrams and the leading disconnected diagrams are included. The calculation is performed on a $48^3 \times 96$ lattice with physical pion mass and 5.5 fm box size. We expect sizable finite volume and finite lattice spacing corrections to the results of these calculations which will be estimated in calculations to be carried out over the next 1-2 years.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2016

Connected and leading disconnected hadronic light-by-light contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment with physical pion mass

We report a lattice QCD calculation of the hadronic light-by-light contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment at physical pion mass. The calculation includes the connected diagrams and the leading, quark-line-disconnected diagrams. We incorporate algorithmic improvements developed in our previous work. The calculation was performed on the $48^3 \times 96$ ensemble generated with a physical-pion-mass and a 5.5 fm spatial extent by the RBC and UKQCD collaborations using the chiral, domain wall fermion (DWF) formulation. We find $a_μ^{\text{HLbL}} = 5.35 (1.35) \times 10^{- 10}$, where the error is statistical only. The finite-volume and finite lattice-spacing errors could be quite large and are the subject of on-going research. The omitted disconnected graphs, while expected to give a correction of order 10\%, also need to be computed.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2016

Project X: Physics Opportunities

Part 2 of "Project X: Accelerator Reference Design, Physics Opportunities, Broader Impacts". In this Part, we outline the particle-physics program that can be achieved with Project X, a staged superconducting linac for intensity-frontier particle physics. Topics include neutrino physics, kaon physics, muon physics, electric dipole moments, neutron-antineutron oscillations, new light particles, hadron structure, hadron spectroscopy, and lattice-QCD calculations. Part 1 is available as arXiv:1306.5022 [physics.acc-ph] and Part 3 is available as arXiv:1306.5024 [physics.acc-ph].

hep-ex↗

arXiv2016

Finite-volume effects in the muon anomalous magnetic moment on the lattice

We investigate finite-volume effects in the hadronic vacuum polarization, with an eye toward the corresponding systematic error in the muon anomalous magnetic moment. We consider both recent lattice data as well as lowest-order, finite-volume chiral perturbation theory, in order to get a quantitative understanding. Even though leading-order chiral perturbation theory does not provide a good description of the hadronic vacuum polarization, it turns out that it gives a good representation of finite-volume effects. We find that finite-volume effects cannot be ignored when the aim is a few percent level accuracy for the leading-order hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment, even when using ensembles with $m_πL> 4$ and $m_π\sim 200$ MeV.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2015

Neutron and proton electric dipole moments from $N_f=2+1$ domain-wall fermion lattice QCD

We present a lattice calculation of the neutron and proton electric dipole moments (EDM's) with $N_f=2+1$ flavors of domain-wall fermions. The neutron and proton EDM form factors are extracted from three-point functions at the next-to-leading order in the $θ$ vacuum of QCD. In this computation, we use pion masses 0.33 and 0.42 GeV and 2.7 fm$^3$ lattices with Iwasaki gauge action and a 0.17 GeV pion and 4.6 fm$^3$ lattice with I-DSDR gauge action, all generated by the RBC and UKQCD collaborations. The all-mode-averaging technique enables an efficient and high statistics calculation. Chiral behavior of lattice EDM's is discussed in the context of baryon chiral perturbation theory. In addition, we also show numerical evidence on relationship of three- and two-point correlation function with local topological distribution.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2015

On calculating disconnected-type hadronic light-by-light scattering diagrams from lattice QCD

For reliable comparison of the standard model prediction to the muon g-2 with its experimental value, the hadronic light-by-light scattering (HLbL) contribution must be calculated by lattice QCD simulation. HLbL contribution has many types of disconnected-type diagrams. Here, we start with recalling the point that must be taken care of in every method to calculate them by lattice QCD, and present one concrete method called nonperturbative QED method.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2015

Hadronic Light by Light Contributions to the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment With Physical Pions

The current measurement of muonic $g - 2$ disagrees with the theoretical calculation by about 3 standard deviations. Hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) and hadronic light by light (HLbL) are the two types of processes that contribute most to the theoretical uncertainty. The current value for HLbL is still given by models. I will describe results from a first-principles lattice calculation with a 139 MeV pion in a box of 5.5 fm extent. Our current numerical strategies, including noise reduction techniques, evaluating the HLbL amplitude at zero external momentum transfer, and important remaining challenges, in particular those associated with finite volume effects, will be discussed.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2015

Lattice Calculation of Hadronic Light-by-Light Contribution to the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment

The quark-connected part of the hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to the muon's anomalous magnetic moment is computed using lattice QCD with chiral fermions. We report several significant algorithmic improvements and demonstrate their effectiveness through specific calculations which show a reduction in statistical errors by more than an order of magnitude. The most realistic of these calculations is performed with a near-physical, $171$ MeV pion mass on a $(4.6\;\mathrm{fm})^3$ spatial volume using the $32^3\times 64$ Iwasaki+DSDR gauge ensemble of the RBC/UKQCD Collaboration.

hep-lat↗