arXiv subjects

Thomas C. Hales

Publications and source records attributed to Thomas C. Hales.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2002

An overview of the Kepler conjecture

This is the first in a series of papers giving a proof of the Kepler conjecture, which asserts that the density of a packing of congruent spheres in three dimensions is never greater than $π/\sqrt{18}\approx 0.74048...$. This is the oldest problem in discrete geometry and is an important part of Hilbert's 18th problem. An example of a packing achieving this density is the face-centered cubic packing. This paper has a historical overview and a synopsis of the rest of the series. The other papers in the series are math.MG/9811072, math.MG/9811073, math.MG/9811074, math.MG/9811075, math.MG/9811076, math.MG/9811077, and math.MG/9811078.

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arXiv2002

A formulation of the Kepler conjecture

This is the second in a series of papers giving a proof of the Kepler conjecture, which asserts that the density of a packing of congruent spheres in three dimensions is never greater than $π/\sqrt{18}\approx 0.74048...$. This is the oldest problem in discrete geometry and is an important part of Hilbert's 18th problem. An example of a packing achieving this density is the face-centered cubic packing. This paper defines a local formulation of the conjecture which is used in the proof.

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arXiv2002

Sphere packings III

This is the fifth in a series of papers giving a proof of the Kepler conjecture, which asserts that the density of a packing of congruent spheres in three dimensions is never greater than $π/\sqrt{18}\approx 0.74048...$. This is the oldest problem in discrete geometry and is an important part of Hilbert's 18th problem. An example of a packing achieving this density is the face-centered cubic packing. This paper carries out the third step of the program outlined in math.MG/9811073: A proof that if all of the standard regions are triangles or quadrilaterals, then the total score is less than $8 \pt$ (excluding the case of pentagonal prisms).

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arXiv2002

Sphere packings IV

This is the sixth in a series of papers giving a proof of the Kepler conjecture, which asserts that the density of a packing of congruent spheres in three dimensions is never greater than $π/\sqrt{18}\approx 0.74048...$. This is the oldest problem in discrete geometry and is an important part of Hilbert's 18th problem. An example of a packing achieving this density is the face-centered cubic packing. This paper completes part of the fourth step of the program outlined in math.MG/9811073: A proof that if some standard region has more than four sides, then the star scores less than $8 \pt$.

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arXiv2002

The Honeycomb Conjecture

The classical honeycomb conjecture asserts that any partition of the plane into regions of equal area has perimeter at least that of the regular hexagonal honeycomb tiling. Pappus discusses this problem in his preface to Book V. This paper gives the first general proof of the conjecture. The revision is the published version, which allows disconnected honeycomb cells and gaps between cells.

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arXiv2002

Sphere Packings in 3 Dimensions

This short note describes the tentative form of a finite-dimensional optimization problem that may be of use in a second-generation proof of the Kepler conjecture. In the original 1998 proof of the Kepler conjecture, the form of the optimization problem was constrained by limits to computer power and by the speed of the algorithms that were available in 1994 to prove inequalities by computer. The computational resources have changed considerably since then, and much has been learned by an analysis of the 1998 proof. This analysis has lead to the proposed new form for an optimization problem.

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arXiv2002

Some algorithms arising in the proof of the Kepler conjecture

By any account, the 1998 proof of the Kepler conjecture is complex. The thesis underlying this article is that the proof is complex because it is highly under-automated. Throughout that proof, manual procedures are used where automated ones would have been better suited. This article gives a series of nonlinear optimization algorithms and shows how a systematic application of these algorithms would bring substantial simplifications to the original proof. This article includes a discussion of quantifier elimination, linear assembly problems, automated inequality proving, and plane graph generation in the context of discrete geometry.

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arXiv1998

Sphere packings I

We describe a program to prove the Kepler conjecture on sphere packings. We then carry out the first step of this program. Each packing determines a decomposition of space into Delaunay simplices, which are grouped together into finite configurations called Delaunay stars. A score, which is related to the density of packings, is assigned to each Delaunay star. We conjecture that the score of every Delaunay star is at most the score of the stars in the face-centered cubic and hexagonal close packings. This conjecture implies the Kepler conjecture. To complete the first step of the program, we show that every Delaunay star that satisfies a certain regularity condition satisfies the conjecture.

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arXiv1998

Sphere packings II

An earlier paper describes a program to prove the Kepler conjecture on sphere packings. This paper carries out the second step of that program. A sphere packing leads to a decomposition of $R^3$ into polyhedra. The polyhedra are divided into two classes. The first class of polyhedra, called quasi-regular tetrahedra, have density at most that of a regular tetrahedron. The polyhedra in the remaining class have density at most that of a regular octahedron (about 0.7209).

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