arXiv subjects

Thomas Meissner

Publications and source records attributed to Thomas Meissner.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2022

The debt aversion survey module: An experimentally validated tool to measure individual debt aversion

We develop an experimentally validated, short and easy-to-use survey module for measuring individual debt aversion. To this end, we first estimate debt aversion on an individual level, using choice data from Meissner and Albrecht (2022). This data also contains responses to a large set of debt aversion survey items, consisting of existing items from the literature and novel items developed for this study. Out of these, we identify a survey module comprising two qualitative survey items to best predict debt aversion in the incentivized experiment.

econ.GN↗

arXiv2022

Debt Aversion: Theory and Measurement

Debt aversion can have severe adverse effects on financial decision-making. We propose a model of debt aversion, and design an experiment involving real debt and saving contracts, to elicit and jointly estimate debt aversion with preferences over time, risk and losses. Structural estimations reveal that the vast majority of participants (89%) are debt averse, and that this has a strong impact on choice. We estimate the "borrowing premium" - the compensation a debt averse person would require to accept getting into debt - to be around 16% of the principal for our average participant.

econ.GN↗

arXiv2022

Individual characteristics associated with risk and time preferences: A multi country representative survey

This paper empirically analyzes how individual characteristics are associated with risk aversion, loss aversion, time discounting, and present bias. To this end, we conduct a large-scale demographically representative survey across eight European countries. We elicit preferences using incentivized multiple price lists and jointly estimate preference parameters to account for their structural dependencies. Our findings suggest that preferences are linked to a variety of individual characteristics such as age, gender, and income as well as some personal values. We also report evidence on the relationship between cognitive ability and preferences. Incentivization, stake size, and the order of presentation of binary choices matter, underlining the importance of controlling for these factors when eliciting economic preferences.

econ.GN↗

arXiv2022

Intertemporal Consumption and Debt Aversion: A Replication and Extension

We replicate Meissner (2016), where debt aversion was reported for the first time in an intertemporal consumption and saving problem. While Meissner (2016) uses a German sample, our participants are US undergraduate students. All of the original study's main findings replicate with similar effect sizes. Additionally, we extend the original analysis by introducing a new individual index of debt aversion, which we use to compare debt aversion across countries. Interestingly, we find no significant differences in debt aversion between the original German and the new US sample. We then test whether debt aversion correlates with individual characteristics such as gender, cognitive reflection ability, and risk aversion. Overall, this paper confirms the importance of debt aversion in intertemporal consumption and saving problems and validates the approach of Meissner (2016).

econ.GN↗

arXiv2012

$^{75}$As NMR study of overdoped CeFeAsO$_{0.8}$F$_{0.2}$

We report the results from a $^{75}$As NMR study on the overdoped iron pnictide superconductor, CeFeAsO$_{0.8}$F$_{0.2}$. Two peaks are observed in the NMR spectra for temperatures as high as 100 K, which is above the superconducting transition temperature of 39 K and hence they cannot be attributed to the effect of vortices in the superconducting state as previously suggested [A. Ghoshray, et al., Phys. Rev. B 79, 144512 (2009)]. The temperature dependence of the $^{75}$As NMR shifts for the two peaks is consistent with hyperfine coupling from magnetic Ce to As and with different Curie-Weiss temperatures. The appearance of two Curie-Weiss temperatures where one is near zero and the other is $\sim$-18 K suggests that the two peaks arise from ordered and disordered regions where the disorder could be due to regions with significant fluorine site disorder and/or clusters of oxygen vacancies. Similar to some other studies on ReFeAsO$_{1-x}$F$_x$ (Re is a rare earth) we find that there are more than one $^{75}$As spin-lattice and spin-spin relaxation rates that can be attributed to ordered and disordered regions in the ReO layer and suggests that inhomogeneity is a common feature in the ReFeAsO$_{1-x}$F$_x$ superconductors.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2012

Nuclear magnetic resonance at up to 10.1 Giga-Pascal pressure detects an electronic topological transition in aluminum metal

High-sensitivity $^{27}$Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements of aluminum metal under hydrostatic pressure of up to 10.1 GPa reveal an unexpected negative curvature in the pressure-dependence of the electronic density of states measured through shift and relaxation, which violates free electron behavior. A careful analysis of the Fermiology of aluminum shows that pressure induces an electronic topological transition (Lifshitz transition) that is responsible for the measured change in the density of states. The experiments also reveal a sudden increase in the NMR linewidth above 4.2 GPa from quadrupole interaction, which is not in agreement with the metal's cubic symmetry.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2011

High-pressure spin shifts in the pseudogap regime of superconducting YBa2Cu4O8 as revealed by 17O NMR

A new NMR anvil cell design is used for measuring the influence of high pressure on the electronic properties of the high-temperature superconductor YBa$_2$Cu$_4$O$_8$ above the superconducting transition temperature $T_{\rm c}$. It is found that pressure increases the spin shift at all temperatures in such a way that the pseudo-gap feature has almost disappeared at 63 kbar. This change of the temperature dependent spin susceptibility can be explained by a pressure induced proportional decrease (factor of two) of a temperature dependent component, and an increase (factor of 9) of a temperature independent component, contrary to the effects of increasing doping. The results demonstrate that one can use anvil cell NMR to investigate the tuning of the electronic properties of correlated electronic materials with pressure.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv1999

Nucleon Electric Dipole Moments from QCD Sum Rules

The electric dipole moments of nucleons (NEDM, d_N) are calculated using the method of QCD sum rules. Our calculations are based on the parity and time reversal violating parameter $\thetabar$ in QCD and establish a functional dependence of the NEDM on $\thetabar$, without assuming a perturbative expansion of this symmetry breaking parameter. The results obtained from the QCD sum rules approach are shown to be consistent with the general symmetry constraints on CP violations in QCD, including the necessity of: (1) finite quark masses, (2) spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking, and (3) the U_A(1) anomaly. Given the current experimental upper bound on the neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM), d_n < 10^(-25) e-cm, we find | \thetabar | < 10^(-9). This result is compatible with previous calculations of nEDM using different techniques and excludes the possibility of solving the strong CP problem within QCD via a dynamical suppression mechanism.

hep-ph↗

arXiv1997

The mixed quark-gluon condensate from an effective quark-quark interaction

We exhibit the method for obtaining non perturbative quark and gluonic vacuum condensates from a model truncation of QCD. The truncation allows for a phenomenological description of the quark-quark interaction in a framework which maintains all global symmetries of QCD and allows an 1/N_c expansion. Within this approach the functional integration over the gluon fields can be performed and therefore any gluonic vacuum observable can be expressed in terms of a quark operator and the gluon propagator. As a special case we calculate the mixed quark gluon condensate. We investigate how the value depends on the form of the model quark-quark interaction. A comparison with the results of quenched lattice QCD, the instanton liquid model and QCD sum rules is drawn.

hep-ph↗

arXiv1996

Low-Energy QCD: Chiral Coefficients, UA(1)-Breaking and the Quark-Quark Interaction

A detailed investigation of the low-energy chiral expansion is presented within a model truncation of QCD. The model dependence of the chiral coefficients is tested for several forms of the quark-quark interaction by varying the form of the running coupling in the infrared region. Furthermore we demonstrate how the UA(1)$ anomaly and a mass for the eta' can arise in this approach.

hep-ph↗

arXiv1995

The Pion-Nucleon Form Factor From QCD Sum Rules

QCD sum rules are used to calculate the $q^2$ dependence of the $πNN$ coupling $g_{πNN} (q^2)$ in the spacelike region $0.5 \ {\mbox{GeV}}^2 \lesssim q^2 \lesssim 1.5\ {\mbox{GeV}}^2$. We study the Borel sum rule for the three point function of one pseudoscalar and two nucleon currents up to order four in the operator product expansion. The Borel transform is performed with respect to the nucleon momenta, whereas the momentum $q^2$ of the pseudoscalar vertex is kept fixed at spacelike values. The results can be well fitted using a monopole form with a cutoff mass of about $Λ_π\approx 800 \ {\mbox{MeV}}.

nucl-th↗