Time performance of USTC-IME LGAD under synchrotron light source focused X-ray
The time performance of Low Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGADs), designed by the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) and fabricated by the Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences (IME), was characterized at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF). The experiment was conducted at the BL16B1 beamline, which delivers a focused X-ray beam with a diameter of 500 μm, a repetition period of 2 ns, and a photon energy of 10 keV. Using a fast oscilloscope, waveforms containing continuous signal pulses were recorded within a 50 ns time window. The LGAD under test successfully resolved the 2 ns period of the SSRF. To mitigate pile-up effects and extract pulse-by-pulse information from the acquired waveforms, a waveform-level global template fitting method was employed. The time resolution was then estimated using a combined profile likelihood approach, yielding a value of 126.6 ps. The effect of random photon absorption depth on the time resolution of LGADs was studied through dedicated simulations.