arXiv subjects

Timothy D. Mount

Publications and source records attributed to Timothy D. Mount.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Optimal Uniform Pricing for Multi-Interval Dispatch without Make-Whole Uplifts

In a network with ramp-limited generators and inaccurate net-demand forecasts, practical rolling-window dispatch can drive locational marginal prices (LMPs) below generators' bid-in offers. In such cases, out-of-market (OOM) settlements are used to compensate generators and maintain dispatch-following incentives, but OOM can have negative consequences, including nontransparent real-time price signals, discriminatory compensation, and incentives for untruthful bidding. This paper presents an optimal uniform pricing rule that minimizes demand payments, eliminates OOM make-whole payments, preserves LMP-based congestion charges, and ensures revenue adequacy. We derive the proposed pricing rule in closed form and relate it to existing pricing schemes. Numerical comparisons demonstrate favorable generator profits and reduced price volatility. However, higher generator profits are accompanied by increased demand payments, reflecting the in-market, uniform allocation of ramping costs while preserving the LMP-based congestion charges widely used in real-time market settlements. The numerical results also show that, under LMP with OOM settlement, a price-taking generator has an incentive to inflate its offer, whereas this incentive is absent under the proposed pricing rule within the tested bid range.

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arXiv2025

Risk-Based Capacity Accreditation of Resource-Colocated Large Loads in Capacity Markets

We study capacity accreditation of resource-colocated large loads, defined as large demands such as data center and manufacturing loads colocated with behind-the-meter generation and storage resources, synchronously connected to the bulk power system, and capable of participating in the wholesale electricity market as an integrated unit. Because the accredited capacity of a resource portfolio is not equal to the sum of its individual resources' capacity values, we adopt a risk-based capacity accreditation framework to evaluate the combined reliability contribution of colocated resources. Grounded in the effective load carrying capability (ELCC) metric, the proposed capacity accreditation employs a convex optimization engine that jointly dispatches colocated resources to minimize reliability risk. We apply the developed methodology to a hydrogen manufacturing facility with colocated renewable generation, storage, and fuel cell resources.

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arXiv2025

Energy Management for Renewable-Colocated Artificial Intelligence Data Centers

We develop an energy management system (EMS) for artificial intelligence (AI) data centers with colocated renewable generation. Under a cost-minimizing framework, the EMS of renewable-colocated data center (RCDC) co-optimizes AI workload scheduling, on-site renewable utilization, and electricity market participation. Within both wholesale and retail market participation models, the economic benefit of the RCDC operation is maximized. Empirical evaluations using real-world traces of electricity prices, data center power consumption, and renewable generation demonstrate significant electricity cost reduction from renewable and AI data center colocations.

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arXiv2023

Wholesale Market Participation of DERA: DSO-DERA-ISO Coordination

Distributed energy resource aggregators (DERAs) must share the distribution network together with the distribution utility in order to participate in the wholesale electricity markets that are operated by independent system operators (ISOs). We propose a forward auction that a distribution system operator (DSO) can utilize to allocate distribution network access limits to DERAs. As long as the DERAs operate within their acquired limits, these limits define operating envelopes that guarantee distribution network security, thus defining a mechanism that requires no real-time intervention from the DSOs for DERAs to participate in the wholesale markets. Our auctions take the form of robust and risk-sensitive markets with bids/offers from DERAs and utility's operational costs. Properties of the proposed auction, e.g., resulting surpluses of DSO and the DERAs, and the auction prices, along with empirical performance studies, are presented.

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arXiv2023

Wholesale Market Participation via Competitive DER Aggregation

We consider the aggregation of distributed energy resources (DERs), such as solar PV, energy storage, and flexible loads, by a profit-seeking aggregator participating directly in the wholesale market under distribution network access constraints. We propose a competitive DER aggregator (DERA) model that directly controls local DERs to maximize its profits, while ensuring each aggregated customer gains a surplus higher than their surplus under the regulated retail tariff. The DERA participates in the wholesale electricity market as virtual storage with optimized generation offers and consumption bids derived from the propoed competitive aggregation model. Also derived are DERA's bid curves for the distribution network access and DERA's profitability when competing with the regulated retail tariff. We show that, with the same distribution network access, the proposed DERA's wholesale market participation achieves the same welfare-maximizing outcome as when its customers participate directly in the wholesale market. Extensive numerical studies compare the proposed DERA with existing methods in terms of customer surplus and DERA profit. We empirically evaluate how many DERAs can survive in the competition at long-run equilibrium, and assess the impacts of DER adoption levels and distribution network access on short-run operations.

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arXiv2022

Competitive DER Aggregation for Participation in Wholesale Markets

The problem of the large-scale aggregation of the behind-the-meter demand and generation resources by a distributed-energy-resource aggregator (DERA) is considered. As a profit-seeking wholesale market participant, a DERA maximizes its profit while providing competitive services to its customers with higher consumer/prosumer surpluses than those offered by the distribution utilities or community choice aggregators. A constrained profit maximization program for aggregating behind-the-meter generation and consumption resources is formulated, from which payment functions for the behind-the-meter consumptions and generations are derived. Also obtained are DERA's bid and offer curves for its participation in the wholesale energy market and the optimal schedule of behind-the-meter resources. It is shown that the proposed DERA's aggregation model can achieve market efficiency equivalent to that when its customers participate individually directly in the wholesale market.

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