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Tobias Frederico

Publications and source records attributed to Tobias Frederico.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

Two-fermion Bethe-Salpeter Equation in Minkowski Space: the Nakanishi Way

The possibility of solving the Bethe-Salpeter Equation in Minkowski space, even for fermionic systems, is becoming actual, through the applications of well-known tools: i) the Nakanishi integral representation of the Bethe-Salpeter amplitude and ii) the light-front projection onto the null-plane. The theoretical background and some preliminary calculations are illustrated, in order to show the potentiality and the wide range of application of the method.

hep-ph↗

Inclusive breakup of three-fragment weakly bound nuclei

The inclusive breakup of three-fragment projectiles is discussed within a four-body spectator model. Both the elastic breakup and the non-elastic breakup are obtained in a unified framework. Originally developed in the 80's for two-fragment projectiles such as the deuteron, in this paper the theory is successfully generalized to three-fragment projectiles. The expression obtained for the inclusive cross section allows the extraction of the incomplete fusion cross section, and accordingly generalizes the surrogate method to cases such as (t,p) and (t,n) reactions. It is found that two-fragment correlations inside the projectile affect in a conspicuous way the elastic breakup cross section. The inclusive non-elastic breakup cross section is calculated and is found to contain the contribution of a three-body absorption term that is also strongly influenced by the two-fragment correlations. This latter cross section contains the so-called incomplete fusion where more than one compound nuclei are formed. Our theory describes both stable weakly bound three-fragment projectiles and unstable ones such as the Borromean nuclei.

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Theory of inclusive breakup cross section for Borromean nuclei within a four-body spectator model

We develop a model to treat the inclusive non-elastic break up reactions involving weakly bound three-cluster nuclei. Borromean, two-nucleon, halo nuclei are candidates of unstable three-fragments projectiles. The model is based on the theory of inclusive breakup reactions commonly employed in the treatment of incomplete fusion and surrogate method. The theory was developed in the 80's by Ichimura, Autern and Vincent (IAV) [Phys. Rev. C 32, 431 (1985)] \cite{IAV1985}, Udagawa and Tamura (UT)[Phys. Rev. C 24, 1348 (1981)], \cite{UT1981} and Hussein and McVoy (HM)[Nucl. Phys. A 445, 124 (1985)], \cite{HM1985}. We extend these three-body theories to derive an expression for the fragment yield in the reaction $A\,(a,b)\,X$, where the projectile is $a = x_1 + x_2 + b$. The inclusive breakup cross section is found to be the sum of a generalized four-body form of the elastic breakup cross section plus the inclusive non-elastic breakup cross section which involves the "reaction" cross section of the participant fragments, $x_1$ and $x_2$. The final result is similar to the three-body case reviewed in Austern, et al. (Phys. Rep. \textbf{154}, 125 (1987)), \cite{Austern1987}, but with important genuine four-body effects added, both in the elastic breakup cross section, which now contains the full correlations between the participant fragments, and in the inclusive non- elastic breakup. These developments should encourage experimentalists to seek more information about the $x_{1} + x_{2}$ system in the elastic breakup cross section, and to theorists to further develop and extend the surrogate method, based on the inclusive non-elastic breakup part of the $b$ spectrum.

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Inclusive breakup of Borromean nuclei

We derive the inclusive breakup cross section of a three-fragment projectile nuclei, $a = b +x_1 + x_2$, in the spectator model. The resulting four-body cross section for observing $b$, is composed of the elastic breakup cross section which contains information about the correlation between the two participant fragments, and the inclusive non-elastic breakup cross section. This latter cross section is found to be a non-trivial four-body generalization of the Austern formula \cite{Austern1987}, which is proportional to a matrix element of the form, $\langle\hatρ_{{x_1},{x_2}}\left|\left[W_{x_1} + W_{x_2} + W_{3B}\right]\right|\hatρ_{{x_1}, {x_2}}\rangle$. The new feature here is the three-body absorption, represented by the imaginary potential, $W_{3B}$. We analyze this type of absorption and supply ideas of how to calculate its contribution.

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Summary of the 2015 LHCb workshop on multi-body decays of D and B mesons

This document contains a summary of the LHCb workshop on multi-body decays of D and B mesons, held at CBPF, Rio de Janeiro, in July 2015. The workshop was focused on issues related to amplitude analysis of three- and four-body hadronic decays. In addition to selected LHCb results, contributions from guest theorists are included.

hep-ex↗

Core momentum distribution in two-neutron halo nuclei

The core momentum distribution of a weakly-bound neutron-neutron-core exotic nucleus is computed within a renormalized zero-range three-body model, with interactions in the s-wave channel. The halo wave-function in momentum space is obtained by using as inputs the two-body scattering lengths and the two-neutron separation energy. The core momentum densities are computed for $^{11}$Li, $^{14}$Be $^{20}$C and $^{22}$C. The model describes the experimental data for $^{11}$Li, $^{14}$Be and to some extend $^{20}$C. The recoil momentum distribution of the $^{20}$C from the breakup of $^{22}$C nucleus is computed for different two-neutron separation energies, and from the comparison with recent experimental data the two-neutron separation energy is estimated in the range $100\lesssim S_{2n}\lesssim 400$ KeV. The recoil momentum distribution depends weakly on the neutron-$^{20}$C scattering length, while the matter radius is strongly sensitive to it. The expected universality of the momentum distribution width is verified by also considering excited states for the system.

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Pion in the Medium with a Light-Front Model

The pion properties in symmetric nuclear matter are investigated with the Quark-Meson Coupling (QMC) Model plus the light-front constituent quark model~(LFCQM). The LFCQM has been quite successful in describing the properties of pseudoscalar mesons in vacuum, such as the electromagnetic elastic form factors, electromagnetic radii, and decay constants. We study the pion properties in symmetric nuclear matter with the in-medium input recalculated through the QMC model, which provides the in-medium modification of the LFCQM.

hep-ph↗

Solutions of the Bethe-Salpeter Equation in Minkowski space: a comparative study

The Bethe-Salpeter Equation for a two-scalar, S-wave bound system, interacting through a massive scalar, is investigated within the ladder approximation. By assuming a Nakanishi integral representation of the Bethe-Salpeter amplitude, one can deduce new integral equations that can be solved and quantitatively studied, overcoming the analytic difficulties of the Minkowski space. Finally, it is shown that the Light-front distributions of the valence state, directly obtained from the Bethe-Salpeter amplitude, open an effective window for studying the two-body dynamics.

hep-ph↗

Quantitative studies of the homogeneous Bethe-Salpeter Equation in Minkowski space

The Bethe-Salpeter Equation for a bound system, composed by two massive scalars exchanging a massive scalar, is quantitatively investigated in ladder approximation, within the Nakanishi integral representation approach. For the S-wave case, numerical solutions with a form inspired by the Nakanishi integral representation, have been calculated. The needed Nakanishi weight functions have been evaluated by solving two different eigenequations, obtained directly from the Bethe-Salpeter equation applying the Light-Front projection technique. A remarkable agreement, in particular for the eigenvalues, has been achieved, numerically confirming that the Nakanishi uniqueness theorem for the weight functions, demonstrated in the context of the perturbative analysis of the multi-leg transition amplitudes and playing a basic role in suggesting one of the two adopted eigenequations, can be extended to a non perturbative realm. The detailed, quantitative studies are completed by presenting both probabilities and Light-Front momentum distributions for the valence component of the bound state.

hep-ph↗

Two-body scattering states in Minkowski space and the Nakanishi integral representation onto the null plane

The Nakanishi perturbative integral representation of the four-dimensional T-matrix is investigated in order to get a workable treatment for scattering states, solutions of the inhomogeneous Bethe-Salpeter Equation, in Minkowski space. The projection onto the null-plane of the four-dimensional inhomogeneous Bethe-Salpeter Equation plays a key role for devising an equation for the Nakanishi weight function (a real function), as in the homogeneous case that corresponds to bound states and it has been already studied within different frameworks. In this paper, the whole formal development is illustrated in detail and applied to a system, composed by two massive scalars interacting through the exchange of a massive scalar. The explicit expression of the scattering integral equations are also obtained in ladder approximation, and, as simple applications of our formalism, some limiting cases, like the zero-energy limit and the Wick-Cutkosky model in the continuum, are presented.

hep-ph↗

Elastic electron-deuteron scattering and two-body current operators in the Light-Front Hamiltonian Dynamics

The electromagnetic properties of the deuteron are investigated within a Light-Front Hamiltonian Dynamics framework, with a current operator that contains both one-body and two-body contributions. In this work, we are considering new two-body contributions, with a dynamical nature generated within a Yukawa model and a structure inspired by a recent analysis of the current operator, that acts on the three-dimensional valence component and fulfills the Ward-Takahashi identity. Preliminary results for the magnetic moment are shown.

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Projecting the Bethe-Salpeter Equation onto the Light-Front and back: A Short Review

The technique of projecting the four-dimensional two-body Bethe-Salpeter equation onto the three-dimensional Light-Front hypersurface, combined with the quasi-potential approach, is briefly illustrated, by placing a particular emphasis on the relation between the projection method and the effective dynamics of the valence component of the Light-Front wave function. Some details on how to construct the Fock expansion of both i) the Light-Front effective interaction and ii) the electromagnetic current operator, satisfying the proper Ward-Takahashi identity, will be presented, addressing the relevance of the Fock content in the operators living onto the Light-Front hypersurface. Finally, the generalization of the formalism to the three-particle case will be outlined.

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Electromagnetic Decays of Vector Mesons in a Covariant Model

A fully covariant model for describing the electromagnetic decay of Vector Mesons, both in light and in heavy sectors, is presented. The main ingredients of our approach are i) an Ansatz for the Bethe-Salpeter vertex for Vector Mesons, and ii) a Mandelstam-like formula for the electromagnetic decay constant. The free parameters of our approach are fixed through a comparison with the transverse momentum distribution obtained within a Light-Front Hamiltonian Dynamics framework with constituent quarks. Preliminary results for both the decays constants and the probability of the valence component are shown.

hep-ph↗

Linear square-mass trajectories of radially and orbitally excited hadrons in holographic QCD

We consider a new approach towards constructing approximate holographic duals of QCD from experimental hadron properties. This framework allows us to derive a gravity dual which reproduces the empirically found linear square-mass trajectories of universal slope for radially and orbitally excited hadrons. Conformal symmetry breaking in the bulk is exclusively due to infrared deformations of the anti-de Sitter metric and governed by one free mass scale proportional to Lambda_QCD. The resulting background geometry exhibits dual signatures of confinement and provides the first examples of holographically generated linear trajectories in the baryon sector. The predictions for the light hadron spectrum include new relations between trajectory slopes and ground state masses and are in good overall agreement with experiment.

hep-ph↗

Linear meson and baryon trajectories in AdS/QCD

An approximate holographic dual of QCD is constructed and shown to reproduce the empirical linear trajectories of universal slope on which the square masses of radially and orbitally excited hadrons join. Conformal symmetry breaking and other IR effects are described exclusively by deformations of the anti-de Sitter background metric. The predictions for the light hadron spectrum include new relations between ground state masses and trajectory slopes and are in good overall agreement with experimental data.

hep-ph↗

Regularization of a Light-Front Qqq Model

We study the mass of the ground state of Qqq system using differents regularization schemes of the relativistic integral equation obtnaide with a flavor independente contact interaction in a QCD-inspired model. We calculated the masses of the spin 1/2 low-lying states of the $Λ^0$, $Λ^{+}_c$ and $Λ_{b}^{0}$ for differentes values of the regularization cut-off parameter with a fixed nucleon mass. Our results are remarkable agreement with the experimental data.

hep-ph↗

Light-front time picture of the Bethe-Salpeter equation

We show the light-front representation of the field theoretical Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) in the ladder approximation using the quasi potential reduction. We discuss the equivalence of the covariant ladder Bethe-Salpeter equation with an infinite set of coupled equations for the Green's functions of the different light-front Fock-states.

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