arXiv subjects

Tomas Kasemets

Publications and source records attributed to Tomas Kasemets.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2021

Prospects for quarkonium studies at the high-luminosity LHC

Prospects for quarkonium-production studies accessible during the upcoming high-luminosity phases of the CERN Large Hadron Collider operation after 2021 are reviewed. Current experimental and theoretical open issues in the field are assessed together with the potential for future studies in quarkonium-related physics. This will be possible through the exploitation of the huge data samples to be collected in proton-proton, proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions, both in the collider and fixed-target modes. Such investigations include, among others, those of: (i) J/psi and Upsilon produced in association with other hard particles; (ii) chi(c,b) and eta(c,b) down to small transverse momenta; (iii) the constraints brought in by quarkonia on gluon PDFs, nuclear PDFs, TMDs, GPDs and GTMDs, as well as on the low-x parton dynamics; (iv) the gluon Sivers effect in polarised-nucleon collisions; (v) the properties of the quark-gluon plasma produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions and of collective partonic effects in general; and (vi) double and triple parton scatterings.

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arXiv2021

Transverse momentum in double parton scattering: factorisation, evolution and matching

We give a description of double parton scattering with measured transverse momenta in the final state, extending the formalism for factorisation and resummation developed by Collins, Soper and Sterman for the production of colourless particles. After a detailed analysis of their colour structure, we derive and solve evolution equations in rapidity and renormalisation scale for the relevant soft factors and double parton distributions. We show how in the perturbative regime, transverse momentum dependent double parton distributions can be expressed in terms of simpler nonperturbative quantities and compute several of the corresponding perturbative kernels at one-loop accuracy. We then show how the coherent sum of single and double parton scattering can be simplified for perturbatively large transverse momenta, and we discuss to which order resummation can be performed with presently available results. As an auxiliary result, we derive a simple form for the square root factor in the Collins construction of transverse momentum dependent parton distributions.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2020

Confronting same-sign W-boson production with parton correlations

The future runs of LHC offer a unique opportunity to measure correlations between two partons inside the proton, which have never been experimentally detected. The process of interest is the production of two positively charged W-bosons decaying in the muon channel. We present a detailed analysis of proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV, where we combine Monte Carlo event generators with our calculations of parton correlations. We carefully compare double parton scattering to relevant background processes and trace a path towards a clean signal sample. Several observables are constructed to demonstrate the effect of parton correlations with respect to clear benchmark values for uncorrelated scatterings. We find that especially spin correlations can be responsible for large effects in the variables we study, because of their direct relation with the parton angular momentum and, therefore, the directions of the muon momenta. We estimate the significance of the measurements as a function of the integrated luminosity and conclude that the LHC has the potential to detect, or put strong limits on, parton correlations in the near future.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2019

A spin on same-sign W-boson pair production

We demonstrate that the LHC will be sensitive to quantum correlations between two quarks inside the proton. Same-sign W-boson pair production is the most promising channel for clear measurements of double parton scattering. The left-handed nature of the coupling between quarks and W-bosons makes it a prime probe to measure parton spin correlations. We perform a detailed analysis of double parton scattering, including relevant backgrounds. The analysis reveals that measurements comparing the rate at which two muons from W boson decays are produced in the same compared to opposite hemispheres are especially sensitive to spin correlations between two quarks inside the proton. We provide estimates of the significance of the measurements as a function of the integrated luminosity.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2019

Transverse momentum dependence in double parton scattering

In this review, we describe the status of transverse momentum dependence (TMD) in double parton scattering (DPS). The different regions of TMD DPS are discussed, and expressions given for the DPS cross section contributions that make use of as much perturbative information as possible. The regions are then combined with each other as well as with single parton scattering to obtain a complete expression for the cross section. Particular emphasis is put on the differences and similarities to transverse momentum dependence in single parton scattering. We further discuss the status of the factorisation proof for double colour singlet production in DPS, which is now on a similar footing to the proofs for TMD factorisation in single Drell-Yan, discuss parton correlations and give an outlook on possible research on DPS in the near future.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2018

Matching factorization theorems with an inverse-error weighting

We propose a new fast method to match factorization theorems applicable in different kinematical regions, such as the transverse-momentum-dependent and the collinear factorization theorems in Quantum Chromodynamics. At variance with well-known approaches relying on their simple addition and subsequent subtraction of double-counted contributions, ours simply builds on their weighting using the theory uncertainties deduced from the factorization theorems themselves. This allows us to estimate the unknown complete matched cross section from an inverse-error-weighted average. The method is simple and provides an evaluation of the theoretical uncertainty of the matched cross section associated with the uncertainties from the power corrections to the factorization theorems (additional uncertainties, such as the nonperturbative ones, should be added for a proper comparison with experimental data). Its usage is illustrated with several basic examples, such as $Z$ boson, $W$ boson, $H^0$ boson and Drell-Yan lepton-pair production in hadronic collisions, and compared to the state-of-the-art Collins-Soper-Sterman subtraction scheme. It is also not limited to the transverse-momentum spectrum, and can straightforwardly be extended to match any (un)polarized cross section differential in other variables, including multi-differential measurements.

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arXiv2018

Parton correlations in double parton scattering

Double parton scattering events are directly sensitive to the correlations between two partons inside a proton and can answer fundamental questions on the connections between the proton constituents. In this chapter, the different types of possible correlations, our present knowledge of them, and the processes where they are likely to be important, are introduced and explained. The increasing integrated luminosity at the LHC and the refinements of the theory of double parton scattering, lead to interesting prospects for measuring, or severely constraining, two-parton correlations in the near future.

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arXiv2017

Colour unwound - disentangling colours for azimuthal asymmetries in Drell-Yan scattering

It has been suggested that a colour-entanglement effect exists in the Drell-Yan cross section for the 'double T-odd' contributions at low transverse momentum $Q_T$, rendering the colour structure different from that predicted by the usual factorisation formula [1]. These T-odd contributions can come from the Boer-Mulders or Sivers transverse momentum dependent distribution functions. The different colour structure should be visible already at the lowest possible order that gives a contribution to the double Boer-Mulders (dBM) or double Sivers (dS) effect, that is at the level of two gluon exchanges. To discriminate between the different predictions, we compute the leading-power contribution to the low-$Q_T$ dBM cross section at the two-gluon exchange order in the context of a spectator model. The computation is performed using a method of regions analysis with Collins subtraction terms implemented. The results conform with the predictions of the factorisation formula. In the cancellation of the colour entanglement, diagrams containing the three-gluon vertex are essential. Furthermore, the Glauber region turns out to play an important role - in fact, it is possible to assign the full contribution to the dBM cross section at the given order to the region in which the two gluons have Glauber scaling. A similar disentanglement of colour is found for the dS effect.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2017

QCD evolution of (un)polarized gluon TMDPDFs and the Higgs $q_T$-distribution

We provide the proper definition of all the leading-twist (un)polarized gluon transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDPDFs), by considering the Higgs boson transverse momentum distribution in hadron-hadron collisions and deriving the factorization theorem in terms of them. We show that the evolution of all the (un)polarized gluon TMDPDFs is driven by a universal evolution kernel, which can be resummed up to next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic accuracy. Considering the proper definition of gluon TMDPDFs, we perform an explicit next-to-leading-order calculation of the unpolarized ($f_1^g$), linearly polarized ($h_1^{\perp g}$) and helicity ($g_{1L}^g$) gluon TMDPDFs, and show that, as expected, they are free from rapidity divergences. As a byproduct, we obtain the Wilson coefficients of the refactorization of these TMDPDFs at large transverse momentum. In particular, the coefficient of $g_{1L}^g$, which has never been calculated before, constitutes a new and necessary ingredient for a reliable phenomenological extraction of this quantity, for instance at RHIC or the future AFTER@LHC or Electron-Ion Collider. The coefficients of $f_1^g$ and $h_1^{\perp g}$ have never been calculated in the present formalism, although they could be obtained by carefully collecting and recasting previous results in the new TMD formalism. We apply these results to analyze the contribution of linearly polarized gluons at different scales, relevant, for instance, for the inclusive production of the Higgs boson and the $C$-even pseudoscalar bottomonium state $η_{b}$. Applying our resummation scheme we finally provide predictions for the Higgs boson $q_T$-distribution at the LHC.

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arXiv2016

Double parton scattering for perturbative transverse momenta

The cross section for transverse momentum dependent double parton scattering involves transverse momentum dependent double parton distributions (DTMDs). In the region of perturbative transverse momentum the DTMDs can be matched onto collinear double parton distributions. We present the framework and results for this matching, as well as the evolution equations for DTMDs in the region of large distance between the two partons. We discuss explicit results for one-loop matching coefficients and evolution kernels.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2016

Quark-gluon double parton distributions in the light-front dressed quark model

We study parton distributions for two partons, a quark and a gluon, in the light-front dressed quark model, with focus on correlations between the two partons. The model calculation leads to sizable spin-spin and spin-kinematic correlations of interest for studies of double parton scattering (DPS) in high-energy collisions. In particular, we find that the transverse dependence of the double parton distributions (DPDs) does not factorize within the model. The results gives insight to the strengths of correlations in different kinematical regions, which can help in constructing input DPDs in cross section calculations.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2015

Calculating Soft Radiation at One Loop

We present an efficient way to calculate the effect of soft QCD radiation at one loop, which is needed for predictions at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. We use rapidity coordinates and isolate the divergences in the integrand. By performing manipulations with cumulative variables, we avoid complications from plus distributions. We address rapidity divergences, divergences with an azimuthal dependence, complicated jet boundaries and multi-differential measurements. The process and measurements can be easily adjusted, as we demonstrate by reproducing many existing soft functions. The results for a general LHC process with multiple Wilson lines are obtained by treating Wilson lines that are not back-to-back using a boost. We also obtain, for the first time, the N-jettiness soft function for generic jet angularities, and the collinear-soft function for the measurement of two angularities.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2015

Polarization in double parton scattering

We briefly discuss the status of double parton scattering (DPS) on both theoretical and experimental sides and summarize the state of the naive DPS model, where the scatterers are taken completely independent. We then elaborate on some of the effects which are neglected in such an approach, and often ignored in phenomenological studies, with focus on polarization - which arises from the correlation between the spin of two partons inside a proton. Polarization is of particular interest, thanks to its direct and calculable connections to the distribution of particles in the final state. Although the physics described is different, there are strong similarities between polarization in DPS and in single partons scattering with measured transverse momentum, and several of the techniques and results from studies of transverse momentum dependent parton distributions can be translated into the setting of double parton scattering.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2015

Transverse Momentum Dependent (Un)polarized Gluon Distributions in Higgs Production

We combine soft and collinear matrix elements to define transverse momentum dependent parton distributions (TMDs) for gluons, free from rapidity divergences. We establish a factorization theorem at next-to-leading order for the Higgs boson transverse momentum ($q_T$) spectrum, and use it to derive evolution equations for gluon TMDs. The evolution for all gluon TMDs is driven by a universal kernel, i.e. the same for all polarizations. In the region of intermediate $q_T$ we match the unpolarized, helicity and linearly polarized gluon distributions onto PDFs. We calculate the resummed Higgs transverse momentum distribution at NNLL, including the contribution of the linearly polarized gluons, and investigate the impact of non-perturbative models for the transverse distribution of gluons inside the proton.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2015

Polarization effects in double open-charm production at LHCb

Double open-charm production is one of the most promising channels to disentangle single from double parton scattering (DPS) and study different properties of DPS. Several studies of the DPS contributions have been made. A missing ingredient so far has been the study of polarization effects, arising from spin correlations between the two partons inside an unpolarized proton. We investigate the impact polarization has on the double open-charm cross section. We show that the longitudinally polarized gluons can give significant contributions to the cross section, but for most of the considered kinematic region only have a moderate effect on the shape. We compare our findings to the LHCb data in the D0D0 final state, identify observables where polarization does have an impact on the distribution of the final state particles, and suggest measurements which could lead to first experimental indications of, or limits on, polarization in DPS.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2014

Scale evolution of double parton correlations

We review the effect of scale evolution on a number of different correlations in double parton scattering (DPS). The strength of the correlations generally decreases with the scale but at a rate which greatly varies between different types. Through studies of the evolution, an understanding of which correlations can be of experimental relevance in different processes and kinematical regions is obtained.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2014

Constraining double parton correlations and interferences

Double parton scattering (DPS) has become very relevant as a background to interesting analyses performed by the experiments at the LHC. It encodes knowledge of correlations between the proton constituents not accessible in single parton scattering. Within perturbative QCD DPS is described in terms of partonic subprocesses and double parton distributions (DPDs). There exists a large number of different DPDs describing the different possible states of two partons inside a proton. They include correlations between the two partons and interferences between the two hard subprocesses. Taking the probability interpretation of the DPDs as starting point, we derive limits on the interference DPDs and thereby constrain the size of correlations between two partons inside an unpolarized proton.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2014

Progress in Double Parton Scattering Studies

An overview of theoretical and experimental progress in double parton scattering (DPS) is presented. The theoretical topics cover factorization in DPS, models for double parton distributions and DPS in charm production and nuclear collisions. On the experimental side, CMS results for dijet and double J/ψ production, in light of DPS, as well as first results for the 4-jet channel are presented. ALICE reports on a study of open charm and J/ψ multiplicity dependence.

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