arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Tomasz Grzywny.
We derive an explicit representation for the distribution of a Lévy process with total stochastic resetting and use it to investigate the asymptotic behaviour of the corresponding transition densities. The proposed approach applies to several important classes of Lévy processes, including relativistic stable processes, and yields new asymptotic estimates for their transition densities.
While stochastic resetting (or total resetting) is less young and more established concept in stochastic processes, partial stochastic resetting (PSR) is a relatively new field. PSR means that, at random moments in time, a stochastic process gets multiplied by a factor between 0 and 1, thus approaching but not reaching the resetting position. In this paper, we present new results on PSR highlighting the main similarities and discrepancies with total resetting. Specifically, we consider both symmetric $α$-stable Lévy processes (Lévy flights) and Brownian motion with PSR in arbitrary d dimensions. We derive explicit expressions for the propagator and its stationary measure, and discuss in detail their asymptotic behavior. Interestingly, while approaching to stationarity, a dynamical phase transition occurs for the Brownian motion, but not for Lévy flights. We also analyze the behavior of the process around the resetting position and find significant differences between PSR and total resetting.
We consider a family of nonlocal curvatures determined through a kernel which is symmetric and bounded from above by a radial and radially non-increasing profile satisfying an integrability condition. It turns out that such definition encompasses various variants of nonlocal curvatures that have already appeared in the literature, including fractional curvature and anisotropic fractional curvature. The main task undertaken in the article is to study the limit behaviour of the introduced nonlocal curvatures under an appropriate limiting procedure. This enables us to recover known asymptotic results e.g. for the fractional curvature and for the anisotropic fractional curvature. For the convergence of anisotropic fractional curvatures we identify the limit object as the nonlocal curvature being the first variation of the related anisotropic fractional perimeter. We also prove existence, uniqueness and stability of viscosity solutions to the corresponding level-set parabolic Cauchy problem formulated in terms of the investigated nonlocal curvature.
We study a $d$-dimensional stochastic process $\mathbf{X}$ which arises from a Lévy process $\mathbf{Y}$ by partial resetting, that is the position of the process $\mathbf{X}$ at a Poisson moment equals $c$ times its position right before the moment, and it develops as $\mathbf{Y}$ between these two consecutive moments, $c \in (0, 1)$. We focus on $\mathbf{Y}$ being a strictly $α$-stable process with $α\in (0,2]$ having a transition density: We analyze properties of the transition density $p$ of the process $\mathbf{X}$. We establish a series representation of $p$. We prove its convergence as time goes to infinity (ergodicity), and we show that the limit $ρ_{\mathbf{Y}}$ (density of the ergodic measure) can be expressed by means of the transition density of the process $\mathbf{Y}$ starting from zero, which results in closed concise formulae for its moments. We show that the process $\mathbf{X}$ reaches a non-equilibrium stationary state. Furthermore, we check that $p$ satisfies the Fokker--Planck equation, and we confirm the harmonicity of $ρ_{\mathbf{Y}}$ with respect to the adjoint generator. In detail, we discuss the following cases: Brownian motion, isotropic and $d$-cylindrical $α$-stable processes for $α\in (0,2)$, and $α$-stable subordinator for $α\in (0,1)$. We find the asymptotic behavior of $p(t;x,y)$ as $t\to +\infty$ while $(t,y)$ stays in a certain space-time region. For Brownian motion, we discover a phase transition, that is a change of the asymptotic behavior of $p(t;0,y)$ with respect to $ρ_{\mathbf{Y}}(y)$.
Let $L$ be a Lévy operator. A function $h$ is said to be harmonic with respect to $L$ if $L h = 0$ in an appropriate sense. We prove Liouville's theorem for positive functions harmonic with respect to a general Lévy operator $L$: such functions are necessarily mixtures of exponentials. For signed harmonic functions we provide a fairly general result, which encompasses and extends all Liouville-type theorems previously known in this context, and which allows to trade regularity assumptions on $L$ for growth restrictions on $h$. Finally, we construct an explicit counterexample which shows that Liouville's theorem for signed functions harmonic with respect to a general Lévy operator $L$ does not hold.
In this article we obtain a nonlocal version of the Alexandrov Theorem which asserts that the only set with sufficiently smooth boundary and of constant nonlocal mean curvature is an Euclidean ball. We consider a general nonlocal mean curvature given by a radial and monotone kernel and we formulate an easy-to-check condition which is necessary and sufficient for the nonlocal version of the Alexandrov Theorem to hold in the treated context. Our definition encompasses numerous examples of various nonlocal mean curvatures that have been already studied in the literature. To prove the main result we obtain a specific formula for the tangential derivative of the nonlocal mean curvature and combine it with an application of the method of moving planes.
In this article, we introduce and study capacities related to nonlocal Sobolev spaces, with focus on spaces corresponding to zero-order nonlocal operators. In particular, we prove Hardy-type inequalities to obtain Sobolev embeddings and use them to estimate the nonlocal capacities of a ball.
Let $\mathbf{X}=\{X_t\}_{t\geq 0}$ be a Lévy process in $\mathbb{R}^d$ and $Ω$ be an open subset of $\mathbb{R}^d$ with finite Lebesgue measure. In this article we consider the quantity $H(t)=\int_Ω \mathbb{P}^x (X_t\inΩ^c) \, \mathrm{d}x$ which is called the heat content. We study its asymptotic expansion for isotropic $α$-stable Lévy processes and more general Lévy processes, under mild assumptions on the characteristic exponent.
We give Hardy-Stein and Douglas identities for nonlinear nonlocal Sobolev-Bregman integral forms with unimodal Lévy measures. We prove that the corresponding Poisson integral defines an extension operator for the Sobolev-Bregman spaces. We also show that the Poisson integrals are quasiminimizers of the Sobolev-Bregman forms.
We obtain Grönwall type estimates for the gradient of the harmonic functions for a Lévy operator with order strictly larger than 1 and minimal assumptions of its Lévy measure.
We study heat kernels of Schrödinger operators whose kinetic terms are non-local operators built for sufficiently regular symmetric Lévy measures with radial decreasing profiles and potentials belong to Kato class. Our setting is fairly general and novel -- it allows us to treat both heavy- and light-tailed Lévy measures in a joint framework. We establish a certain relative-Kato bound for the corresponding semigroups and potentials. This enables us to apply a general perturbation technique to construct the heat kernels and give sharp estimates of them. Assuming that the Lévy measure and the potential satisfy a little stronger conditions, we additionally obtain the regularity of the heat kernels. Finally, we discuss the applications to the smoothing properties of the corresponding semigroups. Our results cover many important examples of non-local operators, including fractional and quasi-relativistic Schrödinger operators.
We introduce a notion of non-local perimeter which is defined through an arbitrary positive Borel measure on $\mathbb{R}^d$ which integrates the function $1\wedge |x|$. Such definition of non-local perimeter encompasses a wide range of perimeters which have been already studied in the literature, including fractional perimeters and anisotropic fractional perimeters. The main part of the article is devoted to the study of the asymptotic behaviour of non-local perimeters. As direct applications we recover well-known convergence results for fractional perimeters and anisotropic fractional perimeters
We prove sharp estimates on heat kernels and Green functions for subordinate Markov processes with both discrete an continuous time, under relatively weak assumptions about original processes as well as Laplace exponents of subordinators. We also show stability of heat kernel estimates in the discrete settings.
We prove universality of the Yaglom limit of Lipschitz cones among all unimodal Lévy processes sufficiently close to the isotropic $α$-stable Lévy process.
We prove existence and asymptotic behavior of the transition density for a large class of subordinators whose Laplace exponents satisfy lower scaling condition at infinity. Furthermore, we present lower and upper bounds for the density. Sharp estimates are provided if additional upper scaling condition on the Laplace exponent is imposed. In particular, we cover the case when the (minus) second derivative of the Laplace exponent is a function regularly varying at infinity with regularity index bigger than -2.
We investigate densities of vaguely continuous convolution semigroups of probability measures on $\mathbb{R}^d$. First, we provide results that give upper estimates in a situation when the corresponding jump measure is allowed to be highly non-symmetric. Further, we prove upper estimates of the density and its derivatives if the jump measure compares with an isotropic unimodal measure and the characteristic exponent satisfies certain scaling condition. Lower estimates are discussed in view of a recent development in that direction, and in such a way to complement upper estimates. We apply all those results to establish precise estimates of densities of non-symmetric Lévy processes.
We prove sharp two-sided estimates on the tail probability of the first hitting time of bounded interval as well as its asymptotic behaviour for general non-symmetric processes which satisfy an integral condition \[ \int_0^{\infty} \frac{dξ}{1+\operatorname{Re} ψ(ξ)}<\infty. \] To this end, we first prove and then apply the global scale invariant Harnack inequality. Results are obtained under certain conditions on the characteristic exponent. We provide a wide class of Lévy processs which satisfy these assumptions.
In this paper we study the mean of the first exit time from a bounded interval of various Lévy processes. We establish sharp two-sided estimates of the mean for Lévy processes under certain condition on their characteristic exponents. We also study the cumulative distribution function of the supremum and infimum processes. Finally, we establish integral conditions that assure that the renewal function of the ladder height process is comparable with the linear one.