arXiv subjects

Tomasz J. Antosiewicz

Publications and source records attributed to Tomasz J. Antosiewicz.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2018

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering in graphene deposited on Al$_x$Ga$_{1-x}$N/GaN axial heterostructure nanowires

The surface-enhanced Raman scattering in graphene deposited on AlxGa1-xN/GaN axial heterostructure nanowires was investigated. The intensity of graphene Raman spectra was found not to be correlated with aluminium content. Analysis of graphene Raman bands parameters, KPFM and electroreflectance showed a screening of polarization charges. Theoretical calculations showed that plasmon resonance in graphene is far beyond the Raman spectral range. This excludes the presence of an electromagnetic mechanism of SERS and therefore suggests the chemical mechanism of enhancement.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2018

Universal method for realization of strong light-matter coupling in hierarchical microcavity-plasmon-exciton systems

Polaritons are compositional light-matter quasiparticles that arise as a result of strong coupling between a vacuum field of a resonant optical cavity and electronic excitations in quantum emitters. Reaching such a regime is often hard, as it requires materials possessing high oscillator strengths to interact with the relevant optical mode. Two dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have recently emerged as promising candidates for realization of the strong coupling regime at room temperature. However, these materials typically provide coupling strengths in the range of 10-40 meV, which may be insufficient for reaching strong coupling with low quality factor resonators. Here, we demonstrate a universal scheme that allows a straightforward realization of strong and ultra-strong coupling regime with 2D materials and beyond. By intermixing plasmonic excitations in nanoparticle arrays with excitons in a WS2 monolayer inside a resonant metallic microcavity, we fabricate a hierarchical system with the combined Rabi splitting exceeding 500 meV at room temperature. Photoluminescence measurements of the coupled systems show dominant emission from the lower polariton branch, indicating the participation of excitons in the coupling process. Strong coupling has been recently suggested to affect numerous optical- and material-related properties including chemical reactivity, exciton transport and optical nonlinearities. With the universal scheme presented here, strong coupling across a wide spectral range is within easy reach and therefore exploring these exciting phenomena can be further pursued in a much broader class of materials.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2018

Suppression of photo-oxidation of organic chromophores by strong coupling to plasmonic nanoantennas

Intermixed light-matter quasiparticles - polaritons - possess unique optical properties owned to their compositional nature. These intriguing hybrid states have been extensively studied over the past decades in a wide range of realizations aiming at both basic science and emerging applications. However, recently it has been demonstrated that not only optical, but also material-related properties, such as chemical reactivity and charge transport, may be significantly altered in the strong coupling regime of light-matter interactions. Here, we show that a nanoscale system, comprised of a plasmonic nanoprism strongly coupled to excitons in J-aggregated form of organic chromophores, experiences modified excited state dynamics and therefore modified photo-chemical reactivity. Our experimental results reveal that photobleaching, one of the most fundamental photochemical reactions, can be effectively controlled and suppressed by the degree of plasmon-exciton coupling and detuning. In particular, we observe a 100-fold stabilization of organic dyes for the red-detuned nanoparticles. Our findings contribute to understanding of photochemical properties in the strong coupling regime and may find important implications for the performance and improved stability of optical devices incorporating organic dyes.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2017

Quantum-Size Effects in the Visible Photoluminescence of Colloidal ZnO Quantum Dots: A Theoretical Analysis

In this work we develop a simple theory for the green photoluminescence of ZnO quantum dots (QDs) that allows us to understand and rationalize several experimental findings on fundamental grounds. We calculate the spectrum of light emitted in the radiative recombination of a conduction band electron with a deeply trapped hole and find that the experimental behavior of this emission band with particle size can be understood in terms of quantum size effects of the electronic states and their overlap with the deep hole.We focus the comparison of our results on detailed experiments performed for colloidal ZnO nanoparticles in ethanol and find that the experimental evolution of the luminescent signal with particle sizeat room temperature can be better reproduced by assuming the deep hole to be localized at the surface of the nanoparticles. However, the experimental behavior of the intensity and decay time of the signal with temperature can be rationalized in terms of holes predominantly trapped near the center of the nanoparticles at low temperatures being transferred to surface defects at room temperature. Furthermore, the calculated values of the radiative lifetimes are comparable to the experimental values of the decay time of the visible emission signal.We also study the visible emission band as a function of the number of electrons in the conduction band of the nanoparticle, finding a pronounced dependence of the radiative lifetime but a weak dependence of energetic position of the maximum intensity.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2017

Observation of tunable charged exciton polaritons in hybrid monolayer WS2 $-$ plasmonic nanoantenna system

Formation of dressed light-matter states in optical structures, manifested as Rabi splitting of the eigen energies of a coupled system, is one of the key effects in quantum optics. In pursuing this regime with semiconductors, light is usually made to interact with excitons $-$ electrically neutral quasiparticles of semiconductors, meanwhile interactions with charged three-particle states $-$ trions $-$ have received little attention. Here, we report on strong interaction between plasmons in silver nanoprisms and charged excitons $-$ trions $-$ in monolayer tungsten disulphide (WS$_{2}$). We show that the plasmon-exciton interactions in this system can be efficiently tuned by controlling the charged versus neutral exciton contribution to the coupling process. In particular, we show that a stable trion state emerges and couples efficiently to the plasmon resonance at low temperature by forming three bright intermixed plasmon-exciton-trion polariton states. Our findings open up a possibility to exploit electrically charged trion polaritons $-$ previously unexplored mixed states of light and matter in nanoscale hybrid plasmonic systems.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2016

Diffuse Surface Scattering and Quantum Size Effects in the Surface Plasmon Resonances of Low Carrier Density Nanocrystals

The detailed understanding of the physical parameters that determine Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances (LSPRs) is essential to develop new applications for plasmonics. A relatively new area of research has been opened by the identification of LSPRs in low carrier density systems obtained by doping semiconductor quantum dots. We investigate theoretically how diffuse surface scattering of electrons in combination with the effect of quantization due to size (QSE) impact the evolution of the LSPRs with the size of these nanosystems. Two key parameters are the length $R_0$ giving the strength of the QSE and the velocity $β_T$ of the electronic excitations entering in the length scale for diffuse surface scattering. While the QSE itself only produces a blueshift in energy of the LSPRs, the diffuse surface scattering mechanism gives to both energy and linewidth an oscillatory-damped behavior as a function of size, with characteristic lengths that depend on material parameters. Thus, the evolution of the LSPRs with size at the nanometer scale is very dependent on the relation of size to these lengths, which we illustrate with several examples. The variety of behaviors we find could be useful for designing plasmonic devices based on doped semiconductor nano structures having desired properties.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2015

Diffuse Surface Scattering in the Plasmonic Resonances of Ultra-Low Electron Density Nanospheres

Localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) have recently been identified in extremely diluted electron systems obtained by doping semiconductor quantum dots. Here we investigate the role that different surface effects, namely electronic spill-out and diffuse surface scattering, play in the optical properties of these ultra-low electron density nanosystems. Diffuse scattering originates from imperfections or roughness at a microscopic scale on the surface. Using an electromagnetic theory that describes this mechanism in conjunction with a dielectric function including the quantum size effect, we find that the LSPRs show an oscillatory behavior both in position and width for large particles and a strong blueshift in energy and an increased width for smaller radii, consistent with recent experimental results for photodoped ZnO nanocrystals. We thus show that the commonly ignored process of diffuse surface scattering is a more important mechanism affecting the plasmonic properties of ultra-low electron density nanoparticles than the spill-out effect.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2015

Realizing strong light-matter interactions between single nanoparticle plasmons and molecular excitons at ambient conditions

Realizing strong light-matter interactions between individual 2-level systems and resonating cavities in atomic and solid state systems opens up possibilities to study optical nonlinearities on a single photon level, which can be useful for future quantum information processing networks. However, these efforts have been hampered by the unfavorable experimental conditions, such as cryogenic temperatures and ultrahigh vacuum, required to study such systems and phenomena. Although several attempts to realize strong light-matter interactions at room-temperature using so-called plasmon resonances have been made, successful realizations on the single nanoparticle level are still lacking. Here, we demonstrate strong coupling between plasmons confined within a single silver nanoprism and excitons in molecular J-aggregates at ambient conditions. Our findings show that the deep subwavelength mode volumes, $V$, together with high quality factors, $Q$, associated with plasmons in the nanoprisms result in strong coupling figure-of-merit -- $Q/\sqrt{V}$ as high as $\sim6\times10^{3}$~$μ$m$^{-3/2}$ -- a value comparable to state-of-art photonic crystal and microring resonator cavities, thereby suggesting that plasmonic nanocavities and specifically silver nanoprisms can be used for room-temperature quantum optics.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2014

Surface scattering contribution to the plasmon width in embedded Ag nanospheres

Nanometer-sized metal particles exhibit broadening of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in comparison to its value predicted by the classical Mie theory. Using our model for the LSPR dependence on non-local surface screening and size quantization, we quantitatively relate the observed plasmon width to the nanoparticle radius $R$ and the permittivity of the surrounding medium $ε_m$. For Ag nanospheres larger than 8 nm only the non-local dynamical effects occurring at the surface are important and, up to a diameter of 25 nm, dominate over the bulk scattering mechanism. Qualitatively, the LSPR width is inversely proportional to the particle size and has a nonmonotonic dependence on the permittivity of the host medium, exhibiting for Ag a maximum at $ε_m\approx2.5$. Our calculated LSPR width is compared with recent experimental data.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2014

Multilayer metamaterial absorbers inspired by perfectly matched layers

We derive periodic multilayer absorbers with effective uniaxial properties similar to perfectly matched layers (PML). This approximate representation of PML is based on the effective medium theory and we call it an effective medium PML (EM-PML). We compare the spatial reflection spectrum of the layered absorbers to that of a PML material and demonstrate that after neglecting gain and magnetic properties, the absorber remains functional. This opens a route to create electromagnetic absorbers for real and not only numerical applications and as an example we introduce a layered absorber for the wavelength of $8$~$μ$m made of SiO$_2$ and NaCl. We also show that similar cylindrical core-shell nanostructures derived from flat multilayers also exhibit very good absorptive and reflective properties despite the different geometry.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2013

Plasmons do not go that quantum

We develop a theoretical model of the surface plasmon resonance of metallic nanospheres in the size range down to the single nanometer size. Within this model we explicitly show how different microscopic mechanisms, namely quantization due to size (QSE) and electron spill-out, affect the energy of the surface plasmon. We demonstrate, that electron spill-out effects, which can move the surface plasma energy both toward the red or the blue, can be comparable to or even stronger than QSE. Thus, depending on circumstances, QSE may only be observed for ultrasmall metal nanoparticles much closer to 1 nm in size than to 10 nm. Results presented herein are in quantitative agreement with recent published experimental results for Ag and Au.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2012

Oscillatory optical response of amorphous plasmonic nanoparticle arrays

The optical response of metallic nanoparticle arrays is dominated by localized surface plasmon excitations and is the sum of individual particle contributions modified by inter-particle coupling depending on specific array geometry. Here we scrutinize how experimentally measured properties of large scale (30 mm$^{2}$) amorphous Au nanodisk arrays stem from single particle properties and their interaction. They give rise to a distinct oscillatory behavior of the plasmon peak position, full-width at half-maximum, and extinction efficiency which depends on the minimum particle center-to-center (CC) distance.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2008

Corrugated probe for SNOM - Optimization of energy throughput via plasmon excitation

In a previous paper we proposed a modification of metal-coated tapered-fibre aperture probes for scanning near-field optical microscopes. The modification consists of radial corrugations of the metal-dielectric interface oriented inward the core. Their purpose is to facilitate the excitation of propagating surface plasmons, which increase the transport of energy beyond the cut-off diameter and radiate a quasi-dipolar field from the probe output rim. An increase in energy output allows for reduction of the apex diameter, which is the main factor determining the resolution of the microscope. In FDTD simulations we analyse the performance of the new type to SNOM probe. We aim at achieving of maximum energy throughput in probes with corrugations that may be realized in a glass etching process.

physics.optics↗