R-closedness and Upper semicontinuity
Let $\mathcal{F} $ be a pointwise almost periodic decomposition of a compact metrizable space $X$. Then $\mathcal{F} $ is $R$-closed if and only if $\hat{\mathcal{F}} $ is usc. Moreover, if there is a finite index normal subgroup $H$ of an $R$-closed flow $G$ on a compact manifold such that the orbit closures of $H$ consist of codimension $k$ compact connected elements and "few singularities" for $k = 1$ or 2, then the orbit class space of $G$ is a compact $k$-dimensional manifold with conners. In addition, let $v$ be a nontrivial $R$-closed vector field on a connected compact 3-manifold $M$. Then one of the following holds: 1) The orbit class space $M/ \hat{v}$ is $[0,1]$ or $S^1$ and each interior point of $M/ \hat{v}$ is two dimensional. 2) $\mathrm{Per}(v)$ is open dense and $M = \mathrm{Sing}(v) \sqcup \mathrm{Per}(v)$. 3) There is a nontrivial non-toral minimal set. On the other hand, let $G$ be a flow on a compact metrizable space and $H$ a finite index normal subgroup. Then we show that $G$ is $R$-closed if and only if so is $H$.