arXiv subjects

Torstein J. F. Strømme

Publications and source records attributed to Torstein J. F. Strømme.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2019

Time-inconsistent Planning: Simple Motivation Is Hard to Find

With the introduction of the graph-theoretic time-inconsistent planning model due to Kleinberg and Oren, it has been possible to investigate the computational complexity of how a task designer best can support a present-biased agent in completing the task. In this paper, we study the complexity of finding a choice reduction for the agent; that is, how to remove edges and vertices from the task graph such that a present-biased agent will remain motivated to reach his target even for a limited reward. While this problem is NP-complete in general, this is not necessarily true for instances which occur in practice, or for solutions which are of interest to task designers. For instance, a task designer may desire to find the best task graph which is not too complicated. We therefore investigate the problem of finding simple motivating subgraphs. These are structures where the agent will modify his plan at most $k$ times along the way. We quantify this simplicity in the time-inconsistency model as a structural parameter: The number of branching vertices (vertices with out-degree at least $2$) in a minimal motivating subgraph. Our results are as follows: We give a linear algorithm for finding an optimal motivating path, i.e. when $k=0$. On the negative side, we show that finding a simple motivating subgraph is NP-complete even if we allow only a single branching vertex --- revealing that simple motivating subgraphs are indeed hard to find. However, we give a pseudo-polynomial algorithm for the case when $k$ is fixed and edge weights are rationals, which might be a reasonable assumption in practice.

cs.CC↗

arXiv2018

Generalized distance domination problems and their complexity on graphs of bounded mim-width

We generalize the family of $(σ, ρ)$-problems and locally checkable vertex partition problems to their distance versions, which naturally captures well-known problems such as distance-$r$ dominating set and distance-$r$ independent set. We show that these distance problems are XP parameterized by the structural parameter mim-width, and hence polynomial on graph classes where mim-width is bounded and quickly computable, such as $k$-trapezoid graphs, Dilworth $k$-graphs, (circular) permutation graphs, interval graphs and their complements, convex graphs and their complements, $k$-polygon graphs, circular arc graphs, complements of $d$-degenerate graphs, and $H$-graphs if given an $H$-representation. To supplement these findings, we show that many classes of (distance) $(σ, ρ)$-problems are W[1]-hard parameterized by mim-width + solution size.

cs.CC↗

arXiv2018

Partial complementation of graphs

A partial complement of the graph $G$ is a graph obtained from $G$ by complementing all the edges in one of its induced subgraphs. We study the following algorithmic question: for a given graph $G$ and graph class $\mathcal{G}$, is there a partial complement of $G$ which is in $\mathcal{G}$? We show that this problem can be solved in polynomial time for various choices of the graphs class $\mathcal{G}$, such as bipartite, degenerate, or cographs. We complement these results by proving that the problem is NP-complete when $\mathcal{G}$ is the class of $r$-regular graphs.

cs.CC↗

arXiv2017

A width parameter useful for chordal and co-comparability graphs

We investigate new graph classes of bounded mim-width, strictly extending interval graphs and permutation graphs. The graphs $K_t \boxminus K_t$ and $K_t \boxminus S_t$ are graphs obtained from the disjoint union of two cliques of size $t$, and one clique of size $t$ and one independent set of size $t$ respectively, by adding a perfect matching. We prove that : (1) interval graphs are $(K_3\boxminus S_3)$-free chordal graphs; and $(K_t\boxminus S_t)$-free chordal graphs have mim-width at most $t-1$, (2) permutation graphs are $(K_3\boxminus K_3)$-free co-comparability graphs; and $(K_t\boxminus K_t)$-free co-comparability graphs have mim-width at most $t-1$, (3) chordal graphs and co-comparability graphs have unbounded mim-width in general. We obtain several algorithmic consequences; for instance, while Minimum Dominating Set is NP-complete on chordal graphs, it can be solved in time $n^{\mathcal{O}(t)}$ on $(K_t\boxminus S_t)$-free chordal graphs. The third statement strengthens a result of Belmonte and Vatshelle stating that either those classes do not have constant mim-width or a decomposition with constant mim-width cannot be computed in polynomial time unless $P=NP$. We generalize these ideas to bigger graph classes. We introduce a new width parameter sim-width, of stronger modelling power than mim-width, by making a small change in the definition of mim-width. We prove that chordal graphs and co-comparability graphs have sim-width at most 1. We investigate a way to bound mim-width for graphs of bounded sim-width by excluding $K_t\boxminus K_t$ and $K_t\boxminus S_t$ as induced minors or induced subgraphs, and give algorithmic consequences. Lastly, we show that circle graphs have unbounded sim-width, and thus also unbounded mim-width.

cs.DS↗

arXiv2016

Vertex Cover Structural Parameterization Revisited

A pseudoforest is a graph whose connected components have at most one cycle. Let X be a pseudoforest modulator of graph G, i. e. a vertex subset of G such that G-X is a pseudoforest. We show that Vertex Cover admits a polynomial kernel being parameterized by the size of the pseudoforest modulator. In other words, we provide a polynomial time algorithm that for an input graph G and integer k, outputs a graph G' and integer k', such that G' has O(|X|12) vertices and G has a vertex cover of size k if and only if G' has vertex cover of size k'. We complement our findings by proving that there is no polynomial kernel for Vertex Cover parameterized by the size of a modulator to a mock forest (a graph where no cycles share a vertex) unless NP is a subset of coNP/poly. In particular, this also rules out polynomial kernels when parameterized by the size of a modulator to outerplanar and cactus graphs.

cs.DS↗