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Tzu-Liang Chang

Publications and source records attributed to Tzu-Liang Chang.

2 recordsLinked to original sources

How soap bubbles change shape while maintaining a fixed volume of air?

We combine experiments and theoretical derivations to study the evolution of a stretched soap bubble and compare it with an open film to highlight the effect of volume conservation. We identify a critical length for both surfaces, beyond which a bottleneck develops in the middle and begins to shrink irreversibly, ultimately pinching off into multiple compartments. Before leaving the equilibrium regime, surface energy minimization governs the shape, which can be addressed theoretically via the variational method. In contrast to open films, soap bubble volume conservation introduces a Lagrange multiplier, analogous to a pressure difference, mediating long-range shape evolution. By examining how boundary constraints influence deformation, we contrast the bubble's convex-to-concave transition with the behavior of soap films under similar conditions. Our analysis of equilibrium and breakup regimes reveals critical differences between bubble and film stability profiles, shedding light on universal behaviors in non-equilibrium fluid mechanics, with implications for biological and material sciences.

physics.flu-dyn

Self-similarity with universal property for soap film and bubble in roll-off stage

All children enjoy blowing soap bubbles that also show up in our bath and when we wash dishes. We analyze the thinning and breaking of soap bubble neck when it is stretched. To contrast with the more widely studied film whose boundaries are open, we concentrate on the bubble with a conserved air volume V. Like film (F), non-equilibrium state can be divided into four regimes for bubble (B): (1) roll-off, (2) cusp approach, (3) pinch-off and (4) breakup. We establish the existence of self-similarity in F-1, B-1 and B-3, and universal property in F-1 and B-1 for the profile of soap membrane. The former means that the profile at successive times can be mapped to a master curve after being rescaled by the countdown time τ. Whiles, the latter further requires this master curve to be identical for different ring sizes R for film and different V and R for bubble while keeping V/R^3 fixed. The exhibition of universal property indicates that the process of memory erasing starts earlier than regime 3. We also found that the minimum radius scales as h_{min}~τ^{1/2}, independent of V and pulling speed. Note that the validity of our discussion is limited by the duration of roll-off regime from 10^{-2}~10^{-3} s.

cond-mat.soft