arXiv subjects

Uwe Dorner

Publications and source records attributed to Uwe Dorner.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2012

Dissipative quantum light field engineering

We put forward a dissipative preparation scheme for strongly correlated photon states. Our approach is based on a two-photon loss mechanism that is realised via a single four-level atom inside a bimodal optical cavity. Each elementary two-photon emission event removes one photon out of each of the two modes. The dark states of this loss mechanism are given by NOON states and arbitrary superpositions thereof. We find that the steady state of the two cavity modes exhibits entanglement and for certain parameters, a mixture of two coherent entangled states is produced. We discuss how the quantum correlations in the cavity modes and the output fields can be measured.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2011

Quantum metrology with imperfect states and detectors

Quantum enhancements of precision in metrology can be compromised by system imperfections. These may be mitigated by appropriate optimization of the input state to render it robust, at the expense of making the state difficult to prepare. In this paper, we identify the major sources of imperfection an optical sensor: input state preparation inefficiency, sensor losses, and detector inefficiency. The second of these has received much attention; we show that it is the least damaging to surpassing the standard quantum limit in a optical interferometric sensor. Further, we show that photonic states that can be prepared in the laboratory using feasible resources allow a measurement strategy using photon-number-resolving detectors that not only attains the Heisenberg limit for phase estimation in the absence of losses, but also deliver close to the maximum possible precision in realistic scenarios including losses and inefficiencies. In particular, we give bounds for the trade off between the three sources of imperfection that will allow true quantum-enhanced optical metrology.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2011

Real-world Quantum Sensors: Evaluating Resources for Precision Measurement

Quantum physics holds the promise of enabling certain tasks with better performance than possible when only classical resources are employed. The quantum phenomena present in many experiments signify nonclassical behavior, but do not always imply superior performance. Quantifying the enhancement achieved from quantum behavior requires careful analysis of the resources involved. We analyze the specific case of parameter estimation using an optical interferometer, where increased precision can be achieved using quantum probe states. Common performance measures are examined and it is shown that some overestimate the improvement. For the simplest experimental case we compare the different measures and show this overestimate explicitly. We give the preferred analysis of real-world experiments and calculate benchmark values for experimental parameters necessary to realize a precision enhancement.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2008

Phase Transition in Space: How Far Does a Symmetry Bend Before It Breaks?

We extend the theory of symmetry breaking dynamics in non-equilibrium second order phase transitions known as the Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM) to transitions where the change of phase occurs not in time, but in space. This can be due to a time-independent spatial variation of a field that imposes a phase with one symmetry to the left of where it attains critical value, while allowing spontaneous symmetry breaking to the right of that critical borderline. Topological defects need not form in such a situation. We show, however, that the size, in space, of the ``scar'' over which the order parameter adjusts as it ``bends'' interpolating between the phases with different symmetry follows from a KZM - like approach. As we illustrate on the example of a transverse quantum Ising model, in quantum phase transitions this spatial scale -- the size of the scar -- is directly reflected in the energy spectrum of the system: In particular, it determines the size of the energy gap.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗

arXiv2007

A quantum repeater based on decoherence free subspaces

We study a quantum repeater which is based on decoherence free quantum gates recently proposed by Klein et al. [Phys. Rev. A 73, 012332 (2006)]. A number of operations on the decoherence free subspace in this scheme makes use of an ancilla qubit, which undergoes dephasing and thus introduces decoherence to the system. We examine how this decoherence affects entanglement swapping and purification as well as the performance of a quantum repeater. We compare the decoherence free quantum repeater with a quantum repeater based on qubits that are subject to decoherence and show that it outperforms the latter when decoherence due to long waiting times of conventional qubits becomes significant. Thus, a quantum repeater based on decoherence free subspaces is a possibility to greatly improve quantum communication over long or even intercontinental distances.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2006

Dynamics of a Quantum Phase Transition

We present two approaches to the dynamics of a quench-induced phase transition in quantum Ising model. The first one retraces steps of the standard approach to thermodynamic second order phase transitions in the quantum setting. The second one is purely quantum, based on the Landau-Zener formula for transition probabilities in avoided level crossings. We show that the two approaches yield compatible results for the scaling of the defect density with the quench rate. We exhibit similarities between them, and comment on the insights they give into dynamics of quantum phase transitions.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗

arXiv2006

Robust implementations of Quantum Repeaters

We show how to efficiently exploit decoherence free subspaces (DFSs), which are immune to collective noise, for realizing quantum repeaters with long lived quantum memories. Our setup consists of an assembly of simple modules and we show how to implement them in systems of cold, neutral atoms in arrays of dipole traps. We develop methods for realizing robust gate operations on qubits encoded in a DFS using collisional interactions between the atoms. We also give a detailed analysis of the performance and stability of all required gate operations and emphasize that all modules can be realized with current or near future experimental technology.

quant-ph↗