arXiv subjects

V. Aldaya

Publications and source records attributed to V. Aldaya.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

arXiv1997

Global restrictions to the Mixing Angle $θ_W$

We provide the theoretic value 1/2 for the quantity $\sin**2θ_W=e**2/g**2$, as opposite to the experimental value of $\sin**2θ_W=1-M_W**2/M_Z**2 \sim 0.23$, in the electro-weak gauge group $SU(2)\otimes U(1)_Y$. The arguments we use are of topological nature and have to do with natural requirements of globality in the transformations of the gauge algebra. This results supports the idea that the two definitions of $\sin**2θ_W$ cannot be simultaneously identified except, maybe, in an asymptotic limit corresponding to an earlier stage of the Universe, before the spontaneous symmetry breaking had taken place.

hep-th↗

arXiv1997

Algebraic versus Topologic Anomalies

Within the frame of a Group Approach to Quantization anomalies arise in a quite natural way. We present in this talk an analysis of the basic obstructions that can be found when we try to translate symmetries of the Newton equations to the Quantum Theory. They fall into two classes: algebraic and topologic according to the local or global character of the obstruction. We present here one explicit example of each.

hep-th↗

arXiv1997

Algebraic Quantization on the Torus and Modular Invariance

New features of systems with non-trivial topology such as fractional quantum numbers, inequivalent quantizations, good operators, topological anomalies, etc. are described in the framework of an algebraic quantization procedure on a group. Modular invariance naturally appears as a subgroup of good operators in the particular case of the torus.

hep-th↗

arXiv1996

Group Quantization on Configuration Space: Gauge Symmetries and Linear Fields

A new, configuration-space picture of a formalism of group quantization, the GAQ formalism, is presented in the context of a previous, algebraic generalization. This presentation serves to make a comprehensive discussion in which other extensions of the formalism, particularly to incorporate gauge symmetries, are developed as well. Both images are combined in order to analyse, in a systematic manner and with complete generality, the case of linear fields (abelian current groups). To ilustrate these developments we particularize them for several fields and, in particular, we carry out the quantization of the abelian Chern-Simons models over an arbitrary closed surface in detail.

hep-th↗

arXiv1996

The Electromagnetic and Proca Fields Revisited: a Unified Quantization

Quantizing the electromagnetic field with a group formalism faces the difficulty of how to turn the traditional gauge transformation of the vector potential, $A_μ(x)\rightarrow A_μ(x)+\partial_μφ(x)$, into a group law. In this paper it is shown that the problem can be solved by looking at gauge transformations in a slightly different manner which, in addition, does not require introducing any BRST-like parameter. This gauge transformation does not appear explicitly in the group law of the symmetry but rather as the trajectories associated with generalized equations of motion generated by vector fields with null Noether invariants. In the new approach the parameters of the local group, $U(1)(\vec{x},t)$, acquire dynamical content outside the photon mass shell, a fact which also allows a unified quantization of both the electromagnetic and Proca fields.

hep-th↗

arXiv1995

Algebraic Quantization, Good Operators and Fractional Quantum Numbers

The problems arising when quantizing systems with periodic boundary conditions are analysed, in an algebraic (group-) quantization scheme, and the ``failure" of the Ehrenfest theorem is clarified in terms of the already defined notion of {\it good} (and {\it bad}) operators. The analysis of ``constrained" Heisenberg-Weyl groups according to this quantization scheme reveals the possibility for new quantum (fractional) numbers extending those allowed for Chern classes in traditional Geometric Quantization. This study is illustrated with the examples of the free particle on the circumference and the charged particle in a homogeneous magnetic field on the torus, both examples featuring ``anomalous" operators, non-equivalent quantization and the latter, fractional quantum numbers. These provide the rationale behind flux quantization in superconducting rings and Fractional Quantum Hall Effect, respectively.

hep-th↗

arXiv1995

Canonical Coherent States for the Relativistic Harmonic Oscillator

In this paper we construct manifestly covariant relativistic coherent states on the entire complex plane which reproduce others previously introduced on a given $SL(2,R)$ representation, once a change of variables $z\in C\rightarrow z_D \in $ unit disk is performed. We also introduce higher-order, relativistic creation and annihilation operators, $\C,\Cc$, with canonical commutation relation $[\C,\Cc]=1$ rather than the covariant one $[\Z,\Zc]\approx$ Energy and naturally associated with the $SL(2,R)$ group. The canonical (relativistic) coherent states are then defined as eigenstates of $\C$. Finally, we construct a canonical, minimal representation in configuration space by mean of eigenstates of a canonical position operator.

hep-th↗

arXiv1995

Finite-Difference Equations in Relativistic Quantum Mechanics

Relativistic Quantum Mechanics suffers from structural problems which are traced back to the lack of a position operator $\hat{x}$, satisfying $[\hat{x},\hat{p}]=i\hbar\hat{1}$ with the ordinary momentum operator $\hat{p}$, in the basic symmetry group -- the Poincaré group. In this paper we provide a finite-dimensional extension of the Poincaré group containing only one more (in 1+1D) generator $\hatπ$, satisfying the commutation relation $[\hat{k},\hatπ]=i\hbar\hat{1}$ with the ordinary boost generator $\hat{k}$. The unitary irreducible representations are calculated and the carrier space proves to be the set of Shapiro's wave functions. The generalized equations of motion constitute a simple example of exactly solvable finite-difference set of equations associated with infinite-order polarization equations.

hep-th↗

arXiv1995

GROUP QUANTIZATION ON CONFIGURATION SPACE

New features of a previously introduced Group Approach to Quantization are presented. We show that the construction of the symmetry group associated with the system to be quantized (the "quantizing group") does not require, in general, the explicit construction of the phase space of the system, i.e., does not require the actual knowledgement of the general solution of the classical equations of motion: in many relevant cases an implicit construction of the group can be given, directly, on configuration space. As an application we construct the symmetry group for the conformally invariant massless scalar and electromagnetic fields and the scalar and Dirac fields evolving in a symmetric curved space- time or interacting with symmetric classical electromagnetic fields. Further generalizations of the present procedure are also discussed and in particular the conditions under which non-abelian (mainly Kac-Moody) groups can be included.

hep-th↗

arXiv1994

Group-Theoretical Determination of the Mixing Angle in the Electroweak Gauge Group

The assumption that the Weinberg rotation between the gauge fields associated with the third component of the ``weak isospin" ($T_3$) and the hypercharge ($Y$) proceeds in a natural way from a global homomorphism of the $SU(2)\otimes U(1)$ gauge group in some locally isomorphic group (which proves to be $U(2)$), imposes strong restrictions so as to fix the single value $\sin^2θ_W=1/2$. This result can be thought of only as being an asymptotic limit corresponding to an earlier stage of the Universe. It also lends support to the idea that $e^2/g^2$ and $1-M_W^2/M_Z^2$ are in principle unrelated quantities.

hep-th↗

arXiv1994

Optics, Mechanics and Quantization of Reparametrization Systems

In this paper we regard the dynamics obtained from Fermat principle as begin the classical theory of light. We (first-)quantize the action and show how close we can get to the Maxwell theory. We show that Quantum Geometric Optics is not a theory of fields in curved space. Considering Classical Mechanics to be on the same footing, we show the parallelism between Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Geometric Optics. We show that, due to the reparametrization invariance of the classical theories, the dynamics of the quantum theories is given by a Hamiltonian constraint. Some implications of the above analogy in the quantization of true reparameterization invariant systems are discussed.

hep-th↗

arXiv1994

On The Reduced Canonical Quantization Of The Induced 2D-Gravity

The quantization of the induced 2d-gravity on a compact spatial section is carried out in three different ways. In the three approaches the supermomentum constraint is solved at the classical level but they differ in the way the hamiltonian constraint is imposed. We compare these approaches establishing an isomorphism between the resulting Hilbert spaces.

hep-th↗

arXiv1993

Wave Functions of the Induced 2D-Gravity

We consider the induced $2$d-gravity in the minisuperspace approach. The general solution to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation is given in terms of different kind of Bessel functions of purely real or imaginary orders. We study the properties of the corresponding probability distribution finding a kind of phase transition at the critical point $ν=0$.

gr-qc↗