arXiv subjects

V. Aushev

Publications and source records attributed to V. Aushev.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

arXiv2024

DUNE Phase II: Scientific Opportunities, Detector Concepts, Technological Solutions

The international collaboration designing and constructing the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) at the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) has developed a two-phase strategy toward the implementation of this leading-edge, large-scale science project. The 2023 report of the US Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5) reaffirmed this vision and strongly endorsed DUNE Phase I and Phase II, as did the European Strategy for Particle Physics. While the construction of the DUNE Phase I is well underway, this White Paper focuses on DUNE Phase II planning. DUNE Phase-II consists of a third and fourth far detector (FD) module, an upgraded near detector complex, and an enhanced 2.1 MW beam. The fourth FD module is conceived as a "Module of Opportunity", aimed at expanding the physics opportunities, in addition to supporting the core DUNE science program, with more advanced technologies. This document highlights the increased science opportunities offered by the DUNE Phase II near and far detectors, including long-baseline neutrino oscillation physics, neutrino astrophysics, and physics beyond the standard model. It describes the DUNE Phase II near and far detector technologies and detector design concepts that are currently under consideration. A summary of key R&D goals and prototyping phases needed to realize the Phase II detector technical designs is also provided. DUNE's Phase II detectors, along with the increased beam power, will complete the full scope of DUNE, enabling a multi-decadal program of groundbreaking science with neutrinos.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2024

Determination of the CKM angle $ϕ_{3}$ from a combination of Belle and Belle II results

We report a determination of the CKM angle $ϕ_{3}$, also known as $γ$, from a combination of measurements using samples of up to 711~fb$^{-1}$ from the Belle experiment and up to 362~fb$^{-1}$ from the Belle II experiment. We combine results from analyses of $B^+\to DK^+, B^+\to Dπ^+$, and $B^+ \to D^{*}K^+$ decays, where $D$ is an admixture of $D^0$ and $\overline{D}{}^{0}$ mesons, in a likelihood fit to obtain $ϕ_{3} = (78.6^{+7.2}_{-7.3})^{\circ}$. We also briefly discuss the interpretation of this result.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2024

Doping Liquid Argon with Xenon in ProtoDUNE Single-Phase: Effects on Scintillation Light

Doping of liquid argon TPCs (LArTPCs) with a small concentration of xenon is a technique for light-shifting and facilitates the detection of the liquid argon scintillation light. In this paper, we present the results of the first doping test ever performed in a kiloton-scale LArTPC. From February to May 2020, we carried out this special run in the single-phase DUNE Far Detector prototype (ProtoDUNE-SP) at CERN, featuring 720 t of total liquid argon mass with 410 t of fiducial mass. A 5.4 ppm nitrogen contamination was present during the xenon doping campaign. The goal of the run was to measure the light and charge response of the detector to the addition of xenon, up to a concentration of 18.8 ppm. The main purpose was to test the possibility for reduction of non-uniformities in light collection, caused by deployment of photon detectors only within the anode planes. Light collection was analysed as a function of the xenon concentration, by using the pre-existing photon detection system (PDS) of ProtoDUNE-SP and an additional smaller set-up installed specifically for this run. In this paper we first summarize our current understanding of the argon-xenon energy transfer process and the impact of the presence of nitrogen in argon with and without xenon dopant. We then describe the key elements of ProtoDUNE-SP and the injection method deployed. Two dedicated photon detectors were able to collect the light produced by xenon and the total light. The ratio of these components was measured to be about 0.65 as 18.8 ppm of xenon were injected. We performed studies of the collection efficiency as a function of the distance between tracks and light detectors, demonstrating enhanced uniformity of response for the anode-mounted PDS. We also show that xenon doping can substantially recover light losses due to contamination of the liquid argon by nitrogen.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2024

First Measurement of the Total Inelastic Cross-Section of Positively-Charged Kaons on Argon at Energies Between 5.0 and 7.5 GeV

ProtoDUNE Single-Phase (ProtoDUNE-SP) is a 770-ton liquid argon time projection chamber that operated in a hadron test beam at the CERN Neutrino Platform in 2018. We present a measurement of the total inelastic cross section of charged kaons on argon as a function of kaon energy using 6 and 7 GeV/$c$ beam momentum settings. The flux-weighted average of the extracted inelastic cross section at each beam momentum setting was measured to be 380$\pm$26 mbarns for the 6 GeV/$c$ setting and 379$\pm$35 mbarns for the 7 GeV/$c$ setting.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2024

Determination of $|V_{ub}|$ from simultaneous measurements of untagged $B^0\toπ^- \ell^+ ν_{\ell}$ and $B^+\toρ^0 \ell^+ν_{\ell}$ decays

We present a measurement of $|V_{ub}|$ from a simultaneous study of the charmless semileptonic decays $B^0\toπ^- \ell^+ ν_{\ell}$ and $B^+\toρ^0 \ell^+ν_{\ell}$, where $\ell = e, μ$. This measurement uses a data sample of 387 million $B\overline{B}$ meson pairs recorded by the Belle~II detector at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider between 2019 and 2022. The two decays are reconstructed without identifying the partner $B$ mesons. We simultaneously measure the differential branching fractions of $B^0\toπ^- \ell^+ ν_{\ell}$ and $B^+\toρ^0 \ell^+ν_{\ell}$ decays as functions of $q^2$ (momentum transfer squared). From these, we obtain total branching fractions $B(B^0\toπ^- \ell^+ ν_{\ell}) = (1.516 \pm 0.042 (\mathrm{stat}) \pm 0.059 (\mathrm{syst})) \times 10^{-4}$ and $B(B^+\toρ^0 \ell^+ν_{\ell}) = (1.625 \pm 0.079 (\mathrm{stat}) \pm 0.180 (\mathrm{syst})) \times 10^{-4}$. By fitting the measured $B^0\toπ^- \ell^+ ν_{\ell}$ partial branching fractions as functions of $q^2$, together with constraints on the non-perturbative hadronic contribution from lattice QCD calculations, we obtain $|V_{ub}|$ = $(3.93 \pm 0.09 \pm 0.13 \pm 0.19) \times 10^{-3}$. Here, the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is theoretical.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2024

New graph-neural-network flavor tagger for Belle II and measurement of $\sin2ϕ_1$ in $B^0 \to J/ψK^0_\text{S}$ decays

We present GFlaT, a new algorithm that uses a graph-neural-network to determine the flavor of neutral $B$ mesons produced in $Υ(4S)$ decays. It improves previous algorithms by using the information from all charged final-state particles and the relations between them. We evaluate its performance using $B$ decays to flavor-specific hadronic final states reconstructed in a 362 $\text{fb}^{-1}$ sample of electron-positron collisions collected at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB collider. We achieve an effective tagging efficiency of $(37.40 \pm 0.43 \pm 0.36) \%$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic, which is $18\%$ better than the previous Belle II algorithm. Demonstrating the algorithm, we use $B^{0}\to J/ψK^0_\text{S}$ decays to measure the mixing-induced and direct $CP$ violation parameters, $S = (0.724 \pm 0.035 \pm 0.009)$ and $C = (-0.035 \pm 0.026 \pm 0.029)$.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2024

Measurement of branching fractions, CP asymmetry, and isospin asymmetry for $\boldsymbol{B\rightarrowργ}$ decays using Belle and Belle II data

We present measurements of $B^{+}\rightarrowρ^{+}γ$ and $B^{0}\rightarrowρ^{0}γ$ decays using a combined data sample of $772 \times 10^6$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs collected by the Belle experiment and $387\times 10^6$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs collected by the Belle II experiment in $e^{+}e^{-}$ collisions at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance. After an optimized selection, a simultaneous fit to the Belle and Belle II data sets yields $114\pm 12$ $B^{+}\rightarrowρ^{+}γ$ and $99\pm 12$ $B^{0}\rightarrowρ^{0}γ$ decays. The measured branching fractions are $(13.1^{+2.0 +1.3}_{-1.9 -1.2})\times 10^{-7}$ and $(7.5\pm 1.3^{+1.0}_{-0.8})\times 10^{-7}$ for $B^{+}\rightarrowρ^{+}γ$ and $B^{0}\rightarrowρ^{0}γ$ decays, respectively, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. We also measure the isospin asymmetry $A_{\rm I}(B\rightarrowργ)=(10.9^{+11.2 +7.8}_{-11.7 -7.3})\%$ and the direct CP asymmetry $A_{CP}(B^{+}\rightarrowρ^{+}γ)=(-8.2\pm 15.2^{+1.6}_{-1.2})\%$.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2024

Search for the baryon number and lepton number violating decays $τ^-\to Λπ^-$ and $τ^-\to \barΛπ^-$ at Belle II

We present a search for the baryon number $B$ and lepton number $L$ violating decays $τ^- \rightarrow Λπ^-$ and $τ^- \rightarrow \barΛ π^-$ produced from the $e^+e^-\to τ^+τ^-$ process, using a 364 fb$^{-1}$ data sample collected by the Belle~II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider. No evidence of signal is found in either decay mode, which have $|Δ(B-L)|$ equal to $2$ and $0$, respectively. Upper limits at 90\% credibility level on the branching fractions of $τ^- \rightarrow Λπ^-$ and $τ^- \rightarrow \barΛπ^-$ are determined to be $4.7 \times 10^{-8}$ and $4.3 \times 10^{-8}$, respectively.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2024

Measurement of the branching fraction of the decay $B^- \to D^0 ρ(770)^-$ at Belle II

We measure the branching fraction of the decay $B^- \to D^0 ρ(770)^-$ using data collected with the Belle II detector. The data contain 387 million $B\overline{B}$ pairs produced in $e^+e^-$ collisions at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance. We reconstruct $8360\pm 180$ decays from an analysis of the distributions of the $B^-$ energy and the $ρ(770)^-$ helicity angle. We determine the branching fraction to be $(0.939 \pm 0.021\mathrm{(stat)} \pm 0.050\mathrm{(syst)})\%$, in agreement with previous results. Our measurement improves the relative precision of the world average by more than a factor of two.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2024

Search for a $μ^+μ^-$ resonance in four-muon final states at Belle II

We report on a search for a resonance $X$ decaying to a pair of muons in $e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrow μ^+ μ^- X$ events in the 0.212-9.000 GeV/$c^{2}$ mass range, using 178 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected by the BelleII experiment at the SuperKEKB collider at a center of mass energy of 10.58 GeV. The analysis probes two different models of $X$ beyond the standard model: a $Z^{\prime}$ vector boson in the $L_μ-L_τ$ model and a muonphilic scalar. We observe no evidence for a signal and set exclusion limits at the 90$\%$ confidence level on the products of cross section and branching fraction for these processes, ranging from 0.046 fb to 0.97 fb for the $L_μ-L_τ$ model and from 0.055 fb to 1.3 fb for the muonphilic scalar model. For masses below 6 GeV/$c^{2}$, the corresponding constraints on the couplings of these processes to the standard model range from 0.0008 to 0.039 for the $L_μ-L_τ$ model and from 0.0018 to 0.040 for the muonphilic scalar model. These are the first constraints on the muonphilic scalar from a dedicated search.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2024

Study of $Υ(10753)$ decays to $π^{+}π^{-}Υ(nS)$ final states at Belle II

We present an analysis of the process $e^{+}e^{-}\toπ^{+}π^{-}Υ(nS)$ (where $n$ = 1, 2, or 3) reconstructed in $19.6\rm$ $\rm fb^{-1}$ of Belle II data during a special run of the SuperKEKB collider at four energy points near the peak of the $Υ(10753)$ resonance. By analyzing the mass distribution of the $π^+π^-Υ(nS)$ system and the Born cross sections of the $e^{+}e^{-}\toπ^{+}π^{-}Υ(nS)$ process, we report the first observation of $Υ(10753)$ decays to the $π^{+}π^{-}Υ(1S)$ and $π^{+}π^{-}Υ(2S)$ final states, and find no evidence for decays to $π^{+}π^{-}Υ(3S)$. Possible intermediate states in the $π^+π^-Υ(1S,2S)$ transitions are also investigated, and no evidence for decays proceeding via the $π^\mp Z_b^\pm$ or $f_0(980)Υ(nS)$ intermediate states is found. We measure Born cross sections for the $e^{+}e^{-}\toπ^{+}π^{-}Υ(nS)$ process that, combined with results from Belle, improve the precision of measurements of the $Υ(10753)$ mass and width by nearly a factor of two to $(10756.3\pm2.7\pm0.6)$ MeV/$c^2$ and $(29.7\pm8.5\pm1.1)$ MeV, respectively. The relative ratios of the Born cross sections at the $Υ(10753)$ resonance peak are also reported for the first time.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2024

Evidence for $B^{+}\to K^{+}ν\barν$ decays

We search for the rare decay $B^{+}\rightarrow K^{+}ν\barν$ in a $362\ \rm{fb}^{-1}$ sample of electron-positron collisions at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance collected with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB collider. We use the inclusive properties of the accompanying $B$ meson in $Υ(4S) \to B\kern 0.18em\overline{\kern -0.18em B}{}$ events to suppress background from other decays of the signal $B$ candidate and light-quark pair production. We validate the measurement with an auxiliary analysis based on a conventional hadronic reconstruction of the accompanying $B$ meson. For background suppression, we exploit distinct signal features using machine learning methods tuned with simulated data. The signal-reconstruction efficiency and background suppression are validated through various control channels. The branching fraction is extracted in a maximum likelihood fit. Our inclusive and hadronic analyses yield consistent results for the $B^{+}\rightarrow K^{+}ν\barν$ branching fraction of $\left[2.7\pm 0.5(\mathrm{stat})\pm 0.5(\mathrm{syst})\right] \times 10^{-5}$ and $\left[1.1^{+0.9}_{-0.8}(\mathrm{stat}){}^{+0.8}_{-0.5}(\mathrm{syst})\right] \times 10^{-5}$, respectively. Combining the results, we determine the branching fraction of the decay $B^{+}\rightarrow K^{+}ν\barν$ to be $\left[2.3 \pm 0.5(\mathrm{stat})^{+0.5}_{-0.4}(\mathrm{syst})\right]\times 10^{-5}$, providing the first evidence for this decay at $3.5$ standard deviations. The combined result is $2.7$ standard deviations above the standard model expectation.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2024

First Measurement of $R(X_{τ/\ell})$ as an Inclusive Test of the $b \to c τν$ Anomaly

We measure the tau-to-light-lepton ratio of inclusive $B$-meson branching fractions $R(X_{τ/\ell}) \equiv \mathcal{B}(B\to X τν)/\mathcal{B}(B \to X \ell ν)$, where $\ell$ indicates an electron or muon, and thereby test the universality of charged-current weak interactions. We select events that have one fully reconstructed $B$ meson and a charged lepton candidate from $189~\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ of electron-positron collision data collected with the Belle II detector. We find $R(X_{τ/\ell}) = 0.228 \pm 0.016~(\mathrm{stat}) \pm 0.036~(\mathrm{syst})$, in agreement with standard-model expectations. This is the first direct measurement of $R(X_{τ/\ell})$.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2024

Measurement of $CP$ asymmetries in $B^0 \rightarrow K^0_S K^0_S K^0_S$ decays at Belle II

We report a measurement of decay-time dependent charge-parity ($CP$) asymmetries in $B^0 \rightarrow K^0_S K^0_S K^0_S$ decays. We use $387 \times 10^6 B\bar{B}$ pairs collected at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy electron-positron collider. We reconstruct 220 signal events and extract the $CP$-violating parameters $S$ and $C$ from a fit to the distribution of the decay-time difference between the two $B$ mesons. The resulting confidence region is consistent with previous measurements in $B^0 \rightarrow K^0_S K^0_S K^0_S$ and $B^0 \rightarrow (c\bar{c})K^0$ decays, and with predictions based on the standard model.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2024

Performance of a modular ton-scale pixel-readout liquid argon time projection chamber

The Module-0 Demonstrator is a single-phase 600 kg liquid argon time projection chamber operated as a prototype for the DUNE liquid argon near detector. Based on the ArgonCube design concept, Module-0 features a novel 80k-channel pixelated charge readout and advanced high-coverage photon detection system. In this paper, we present an analysis of an eight-day data set consisting of 25 million cosmic ray events collected in the spring of 2021. We use this sample to demonstrate the imaging performance of the charge and light readout systems as well as the signal correlations between the two. We also report argon purity and detector uniformity measurements, and provide comparisons to detector simulations.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2024

Measurement of jet production in deep inelastic scattering and NNLO determination of the strong coupling at ZEUS

A new measurement of inclusive-jet cross sections in the Breit frame in neutral current deep inelastic scattering using the ZEUS detector at the HERA collider is presented. The data were taken in the years 2004 to 2007 at a centre-of-mass energy of $318\,\text{GeV}$ and correspond to an integrated luminosity of $347\,\text{pb}^{-1}$. Massless jets, reconstructed using the $k_t$-algorithm in the Breit reference frame, have been measured as a function of the squared momentum transfer, $Q^2$, and the transverse momentum of the jets in the Breit frame, $p_{\perp,\text{Breit}}$. The measured jet cross sections are compared to previous measurements and to perturbative QCD predictions. The measurement has been used in a next-to-next-to-leading-order QCD analysis to perform a simultaneous determination of parton distribution functions of the proton and the strong coupling, resulting in a value of $α_s(M_Z^2) = 0.1142 \pm 0.0017~\text{(experimental/fit)}$ ${}^{+0.0006}_{-0.0007}~\text{(model/parameterisation)}$ ${}^{+0.0006}_{-0.0004}~\text{(scale)}$, whose accuracy is improved compared to similar measurements. In addition, the running of the strong coupling is demonstrated using data obtained at different scales.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2024

A test of lepton flavor universality with a measurement of $R(D^{*})$ using hadronic $B$ tagging at the Belle II experiment

The ratio of branching fractions $R(D^{*}) = \mathcal{B}(\overline{B} \rightarrow D^{*} τ^{-} \overlineν_τ)$/$\mathcal{B} (\overline{B} \rightarrow D^{*} \ell^{-} \overlineν_{\ell})$, where $\ell$ is an electron or muon, is measured using a Belle~II data sample with an integrated luminosity of $189~\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy $e^{+} e^{-}$ collider. Data is collected at the $Υ(\mathrm{4S})$ resonance, and one $B$ meson in the $Υ(\mathrm{4S})\rightarrow B\overline{B}$ decay is fully reconstructed in hadronic decay modes. The accompanying signal $B$ meson is reconstructed as $\overline{B}\rightarrow D^{*} τ^{-}\overlineν_τ$ using leptonic $τ$ decays. The normalization decay, $\overline{B}\rightarrow D^{*} \ell^{-} \overlineν_{\ell}$, where $\ell$ is an electron or muon, produces the same observable final state particles. The ratio of branching fractions is extracted in a simultaneous fit to two signal-discriminating variables in both channels and yields $R(D^{*}) = 0.262~_{-0.039}^{+0.041}(\mathrm{stat})~_{-0.032}^{+0.035}(\mathrm{syst})$. This result is consistent with the current world average and with standard model predictions.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2024

Measurement of branching fractions and direct $CP$ asymmetries for $B \to Kπ$ and $B\toππ$ decays at Belle II

We report measurements of the branching fractions and direct $\it{CP}$ asymmetries of the decays $B^0 \to K^+ π^-$, $B^+ \to K^+ π^0$, $B^+ \to K^0 π^+$, and $B^0 \to K^0 π^0$, and use these for testing the standard model through an isospin-based sum rule. In addition, we measure the branching fraction and direct $\it{CP}$ asymmetry of the decay $B^+ \to π^+π^0$ and the branching fraction of the decay $B^0 \to π^+π^-$. The data are collected with the Belle II detector from $e^+e^-$ collisions at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance produced by the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy collider and contain $387\times 10^6$ bottom-antibottom meson pairs. Signal yields are determined in two-dimensional fits to background-discriminating variables, and range from 500 to 3900 decays, depending on the channel. We obtain $-0.03 \pm 0.13 \pm 0.04$ for the sum rule, in agreement with the standard model expectation of zero and with a precision comparable to the best existing determinations.

hep-ex↗