arXiv subjects

V. E. Fortov

Publications and source records attributed to V. E. Fortov.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2011

Freezing and melting of 3D complex plasma structures under microgravity conditions driven by neutral gas pressure manipulation

Freezing and melting of large three-dimensional complex plasmas under microgravity conditions is investigated. The neutral gas pressure is used as a control parameter to trigger the phase changes: Complex plasma freezes (melts) by decreasing (increasing) the pressure. Evolution of complex plasma structural properties upon pressure variation is studied. Theoretical estimates allow us to identify main factors responsible for the observed behavior.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2011

Quantum simulations of thermodynamic properties of strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma

A strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma (QGP) of heavy constituent quasi-particles is studied by a path-integral Monte-Carlo method. This approach is a quantum generalization of the model developed by Gelman, Shuryak and Zahed. It is shown that this method is able to reproduce the QCD lattice equation of state and also yields valuable insight into the internal structure of the QGP. The results indicate that the QGP reveals liquid-like rather than gas-like properties. At temperatures just above the critical one it was found that bound quark-antiquark states still survive. These states are bound by effective string-like forces and turns out to be colorless. At the temperature as large as twice the critical one no bound states are observed. Quantum effects turned out to be of prime importance in these simulations.

nucl-th↗

arXiv2010

Quantum simulations of strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma

A strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma (QGP) of heavy constituent quasiparticles is studied by a path-integral Monte-Carlo method, which improves the corresponding classical simulations by extending them to the quantum regime. It is shown that this method is able to reproduce the lattice equation of state and also yields valuable insight into the internal structure of the QGP. The results indicate that the QGP reveals liquid-like rather than gas-like properties. At temperatures just above the critical one it was found that bound quark-antiquark states still survive. These states are bound by effective string-like forces. Quantum effects turned out to be of prime importance in these simulations.

nucl-th↗

arXiv2009

Spallative ablation of dielectrics by X-ray laser

Short laser pulse in wide range of wavelengths, from infrared to X-ray, disturbs electron-ion equilibrium and rises pressure in a heated layer. The case where pulse duration $τ_L$ is shorter than acoustic relaxation time $t_s$ is considered in the paper. It is shown that this short pulse may cause thermomechanical phenomena such as spallative ablation regardless to wavelength. While the physics of electron-ion relaxation on wavelength and various electron spectra of substances: there are spectra with an energy gap in semiconductors and dielectrics opposed to gapless continuous spectra in metals. The paper describes entire sequence of thermomechanical processes from expansion, nucleation, foaming, and nanostructuring to spallation with particular attention to spallation by X-ray pulse.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2009

Equation of state of strongly coupled quark--gluon plasma -- Path integral Monte Carlo results

A strongly coupled plasma of quark and gluon quasiparticles at temperatures from $ 1.1 T_c$ to $3 T_c$ is studied by path integral Monte Carlo simulations. This method extends previous classical nonrelativistic simulations based on a color Coulomb interaction to the quantum regime. We present the equation of state and find good agreement with lattice results. Further, pair distribution functions and color correlation functions are computed indicating strong correlations and liquid-like behavior.

nucl-th↗

arXiv2008

Dynamics of lane formation in driven binary complex plasmas

The dynamical onset of lane formation is studied in experiments with binary complex plasmas under microgravity conditions. Small microparticles are driven and penetrate into a cloud of big particles, revealing a strong tendency towards lane formation. The observed time-resolved lane formation process is in good agreement with computer simulations of a binary Yukawa model with Langevin dynamics. The laning is quantified in terms of the anisotropic scaling index, leading to a universal order parameter for driven systems.

cond-mat.soft↗

arXiv2008

Structures of quantum 2D electron-hole plasmas

We investigate structures of 2D quantum electron-hole (e-h) plasmas by the direct path integral Monte Carlo method (PIMC) in a wide range of temperature, density and hole-to-electron mass ratio. Our simulation includes a region of appearance and decay of the bound states (excitons and biexcitons), the Mott transition from the neutral e-h plasma to metallic-like clusters, formation from clusters the hexatic-like liquid and formation of the crystal-like lattice.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2008

Thermodynamic properties and electrical conductivity of strongly correlated plasma media

We study thermodynamic properties and the electrical conductivity of dense hydrogen and deuterium using three methods: classical reactive Monte Carlo (REMC), direct path integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) and a quantum dynamics method in the Wigner representation of quantum mechanics. We report the calculation of the deuterium compression quasi-isentrope in good agreement with experiments. We also solve the Wigner-Liouville equation of dense degenerate hydrogen calculating the initial equilibrium state by the PIMC method. The obtained particle trajectories determine the momentum-momentum correlation functions and the electrical conductivity and are compared with available theories and simulations.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2008

Electromechanical Effect in Complex Plasmas

Experimental results on an auto-oscillatory pattern observed in a complex plasma are presented. The experiments are performed with an argon plasma which is produced under microgravity conditions using a capacitively-coupled rf discharge at low power and gas pressure. The observed intense wave activity in the complex plasma cloud correlates well with the low-frequency modulation of the discharge voltage and current and is initiated by periodic void contractions. Particle migrations forced by the waves are of long-range repulsive and attractive character.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2007

Correlation effects in partially ionized mass asymmetric electron-hole plasmas

The effects of strong Coulomb correlations in dense three-dimensional electron-hole plasmas are studied by means of unbiased direct path integral Monte Carlo simulations. The formation and dissociation of bound states, such as excitons and bi-excitons is analyzed and the density-temperature region of their appearance is identified. At high density, the Mott transition to the fully ionized metallic state (electron-hole liquid) is detected. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the hole to electron mass ratio $M$ on the properties of the plasma. Above a critical value of about M=80 formation of a hole Coulomb crystal was recently verified [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 95}, 235006 (2005)] which is supported by additional results. Results are related to the excitonic phase diagram of intermediate valent Tm[Se,Te], where large values of $M$ have been observed experimentally.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2006

Path integral Monte Carlo calculations of helium and hydrogen-helium plasma thermodynamics and of the deuterium shock Hugoniot

In this work we calculate the thermodynamic properties of hydrogen-helium plasmas with different mass fractions of helium by the direct path integral Monte Carlo method. To avoid unphysical approximations we use the path integral representation of the density matrix. We pay special attention to the region of weak coupling and degeneracy and compare the results of simulation with a model based on the chemical picture. Further with the help of calculated deuterium isochors we compute the shock Hugoniot of deuterium. We analyze our results in comparison with recent experimental and calculated data on the deuterium Hugoniot.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2005

Hole crystallization in semiconductors

When electrons in a solid are excited to a higher energy band they leave behind a vacancy (hole) in the original band which behaves like a positively charged particle. Here we predict that holes can spontaneously order into a regular lattice in semiconductors with sufficiently flat valence bands. The critical hole to electron effective mass ratio required for this phase transition is found to be of the order of 80.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2005

Crystallization in two-component Coulomb systems

The analysis of Coulomb crystallization is extended from one-component to two-component plasmas. Critical parameters for the existence of Coulomb crystals are derived for both classical and quantum crystals. In the latter case, a critical mass ratio of the two charged components is found which is of the order of 80. Thus, holes in semiconductors with sufficiently flat valence bands are predicted to spontaneously order into a regular lattice. Such hole crystals are intimately related to ion Coulomb crystals in white dwarf and neutron stars as well as to ion crystals produced in the laboratory. A unified phase diagram of two-component Coulomb crystals is presented and is verified by first-principle computer simulations.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2004

Monte Carlo results for the hydrogen Hugoniot

We propose a theoretical Hugoniot obtained by combining results for the equation of state (EOS) from the Direct Path Integral Monte Carlo technique (DPIMC) and those from Reaction Ensemble Monte Carlo (REMC) simulations. The main idea of such proposal is based on the fact that DPMIC provides first-principle results for a wide range of densities and temperatures including the region of partially ionized plasmas. On the other hand, for lower temperatures where the formation of molecules becomes dominant, DPIMC simulations become cumbersome and inefficient. For this region it is possible to use accurate REMC simulations where bound states (molecules) are treated on the Born-Oppenheimer level using a binding potential calculated by Kolos and Wolniewicz. The remaining interaction is then reduced to the scattering between neutral particles which is reliably treated classically applying effective potentials. The resulting Hugoniot is located between the experimental values of Knudson {\textit{et al.}} \cite{1} and Collins {\textit{et al.}} \cite{2}.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2001

Internal energy of high density Hydrogen: Analytical approximations compared with path integral Monte Carlo calculations

The internal energy of high-density hydrogen plasmas in the temperature range $T = 10,000 ... 50,000 K$ is calculated by two different analytical approximation schemes (method of effective ion-ion interaction potential - EIIP and Padé approach within the chemical picture - PACH) and compared with path integral Monte Carlo results. Reasonable agreement between the results obtained from the three independent calculations is found, the reasons for still existing differences is investigated. Interesting high density phenomena such as the formation of clusters and the onset of crystallization are discussed.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2001

Phase Transition in Strongly Degenerate Hydrogen Plasma

Direct fermionic path-integral Monte-Carlo simulations of strongly coupled hydrogen are presented. Our results show evidence for the hypothetical plasma phase transition. Its most remarkable manifestation is the appearance of metallic droplets which are predicted to be crucial for the electrical conductivity allowing to explain the rapid increase observed in recent shock compression measurments.

cond-mat.soft↗

arXiv2001

Thermodynamics of hot dense H-plasmas: Path integral Monte Carlo simulations and analytical approximations

This work is devoted to the thermodynamics of high-temperature dense hydrogen plasmas in the pressure region between $10^{-1}$ and $10^2$ Mbar. In particular we present for this region results of extensive calculations based on a recently developed path integral Monte Carlo scheme (direct PIMC). This method allows for a correct treatment of the thermodynamic properties of hot dense Coulomb systems. Calculations were performed in a broad region of the nonideality parameter $Γ\lesssim 3$ and degeneracy parameter $n_e Λ^3 \lesssim 10$. We give a comparison with a few available results from other path integral calculations (restricted PIMC) and with analytical calculations based on Pade approximations for strongly ionized plasmas. Good agreement between the results obtained from the three independent methods is found.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv1999

Thermodynamic Properties of Correlated Strongly Degenerate Plasmas

An efficient numerical approach to equilibrium properties of strongly coupled systems which include a subsystem of fermionic quantum particles and a subsystem of classical particles is presented. It uses an improved path integral representation of the many-particle density operator and allows to describe situations of strong coupling and strong degeneracy, where analytical theories fail. A novel numerical method is developed, which allows to treat degenerate systems with full account of the spin scatistics. Numerical results for thermodynamic properties such as internal energy, pressure and pair correlation functions are presented over a wide range of degeneracy parameter.

cond-mat.str-el↗