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V. I. Berezhiani

Publications and source records attributed to V. I. Berezhiani.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

On Lorentz Variability of Magnetically Dominated Relativistic Outflows

We show that magnetized relativistic outflows can exhibit a relativistic effect in which Lorentz transformation maps spatially extended magnetic field structure into apparent temporal variability in the observer's frame. Using a force-free Beltrami configurations as representative equilibria of magnetically dominated outflows, we demonstrate that Lorentz mapping of stationary helical magnetic field produces quasi-periodic modulation of observable electromagnetic signatures, without invoking intrinsic plasma variability. The same mechanism naturally generates temporal evolution of the observed polarization properties, producing smooth, generally aperiodic polarization-angle swings in the observer's frame. This effect may be described as an aberration of force-free magnetic fields under Lorentz transformation. The characteristic frequency of the time variability is determined by the helical wave-number of the magnetic field, the viewing angle, and the bulk Lorentz factor of the jet outflow, and scales linearly with $Γ$. This establishes a purely kinematic relativistic origin of variability and introduces the concept of magnetic Lorentz seismology: the inference of magnetic field structure in relativistic outflows directly from observed temporal variability.

astro-ph.HE↗

Prospects of SETI by small size optical telescopes

In the present manuscript we consider the possibility of SETI by the small size (with diameters less than 1 m) optical telescopes. Calculations are performed for typical parameters of the mentioned type of telescopes. In particular, we show that the techno-signatures of Type-2.x and Type-3.x civilizations might be detected. It is demonstrated that it is possible to detect as hot megastructures (up to 4000 K) built around main sequence stars and pulsars as well as von Neumann extraterrestrial probes.

physics.pop-ph↗

Electromagnetic vortex beam dynamics in degenerate electron-positron astrophysical plasmas

For degenerate astrophysical electron-positron plasmas we have considered dynamics of electromagnetic beams carrying angular momentum. It is found for arbitrary level of degeneracy such a beam having the power exceeding a certain critical value breaks up into many filaments, eventually leading to the formation of stable spatial solitons keeping zero field in the center of the structure.

physics.plasm-ph↗

Solitary structure formation and self-guiding of electromagnetic beam in highly degenerate electron plasma

In the present paper we consider the nonlinear interaction of high frequency intense electromagnetic (EM) beam with degenerate electron plasmas. In a slowly varying envelop approximation the beam dynamics is described by the couple of nonlinear equations for the vector and scalar potentials. Numerical simulations demonstrate that for an arbitrary level of degeneracy the plasma supports existence of axially symmetric 2D solitons which are stable against small perturbations. The solitons exist if the power trapped in the structures, being the growing function of soliton amplitude, is above a certain critical value but below the value determining by electron cavitation. The robustness of obtained soliton solutions was verified by simulating the dynamics of initial Gaussian beams with parameters close to the solitonic ones. After few diffraction lengths the beam attains the profile close to the profile of the ground state soliton and propagates for a long distance without detectable distortion. The simulations have been performed for the input Gaussian beams with parameters far from ground state solutions. It is shown that the beam parameters are oscillating near the parameters of the ground soliton solution and thus the formation of oscillating waveguide structures takes place.

physics.plasm-ph↗

Electromagnetic Vortex solitons in the magnetospheres of super-Eddington AGN

Propagation and dynamics of electromagnetic vortex solitons have been studied in the electron positron ion plasmas of super-Eddington active galactic nuclei (AGN). Existence and stability of such structures is demonstrated for highly transparent AGN plasma media. Possible implications of dynamical features and corresponding observational signatures are discussed.

astro-ph.HE↗

Synchrotron emission from the depths of pulsar magnetospheres

In this paper we study the generation of high energy emission from normal pulsars. For this purpose we consider the particles accelerated in the outer magnetosphere sliding along the closed magnetic field lines. It has been shown that in due course of motion the initial small pitch angle increases and at a certain distance from the neutron star the synchrotron emission becomes significant. We found that a region covered from $150$ to $500$ stellar radii the emission pattern is characterised by energies in the interval $(0.1-10)$ MeV.

astro-ph.HE↗

Nonlinear Coupling of Electromagnetic and Electron Acoustic Waves in Multi-Species Degenerate Astrophysical Plasma

Nonlinear wave--coupling is studied in a multi-species degenerate astrophysical plasma consisting of two electron species (at different temperatures): a highly degenerate main component plus a smaller classical relativistic flow immersed in a static neutralizing ion background. It is shown that the high frequency electromagnetic (HF EM) waves, through their strong nonlinear interactions with the electron--acoustic waves (sustained by a multi-electron component (degenerate) plasma surrounding a compact astrophysical object) can scatter to lower frequencies so that the radiation observed faraway will be spectrally shifted downwards. It is also shown that, under definite conditions, the EM waves could settle into stationary Solitonic states. It is expected that the effects of such structures may persist as detectable signatures in forms of modulated micro-pulses in the radiation observed far away from the accreting compact object. Both these effects will advance our abilities to interpret the radiation coming out of the compact objects.

physics.plasm-ph↗

Anomalous Variability of Dyson Megastructures

In the framework of the approach of Dyson megastructures, by assuming that a super-advanced civilization exists and is capable of constructing a ring-like megastructure around their host star, we have considered the observational signatures of cold (300 K) and hot (4000) K astro-engineering to answer the question: are the modern facilities capable to detect theoretically predicted fingerprints? By implying the spectral resolving power and the radial velocity methods it has been shown that the oscillation of the rings might be detected as anomalous variability of the megastructures.

physics.pop-ph↗

On the Relaxed States in the Mixture of Degenerate and Non-Degenerate Hot Plasmas of Astrophysical Objects

It is shown that a small contamination of a relativistically hot electron component can induce a new scale (for structure formation) to a system consisting of an ion-degenerate electron plasma. Mathematically expression of this additional scale length is the increase in the index of quasi-equilibrium Beltrami-Bernoulli states that have been invoked to model several astrophysical systems of interest. The two species of electrons, due to different origin of their relativistic effective masses, behave as two distinct components (each with its own conserved helicity) and add to the richness of the accessible quasi equilibrium states. Determined by the concrete parameters of the system, the new macro-scale lengths (much larger than the short intrinsic scale lengths (skin depths) and generally much shorter than the system size) open new pathways for energy transformations.

physics.plasm-ph↗

On the Filamentation Instability in Degenerate Relativistic Plasmas

The filamentation instability of the electromagnetic (EM) beam in an underdense plasma with high level of degeneracy is examined by means of the momentum equation, continuity equation and Maxwell's equations. It has been demonstrated that the instability develops for weakly as well as strongly relativistic degenerate plasma and arbitrary strong amplitude of EM beams.

physics.plasm-ph↗

3D study of centrifugal acceleration in isotropic photon fields

In this paper we study relativistic dynamics of charged particles co-rotating with prescribed trajectories, having the shape of dipolar magnetic field lines. In particular, we consider the role of the drag force caused by the photon field the forming of equilibrium positions of the charged particles. Alongside a single particle approach we also study behaviour of ensemble of particles in the context of stable positions. As we have shown, together they create surfaces where particles are at stable equilibrium positions. In this paper we examine these shapes and study parameters they depend on. It has been found that under certain conditions there are two distinct surfaces with stable equilibrium positions.

astro-ph.HE↗

On the possibility of the Dyson spheres observable beyond the infrared spectrum

In this paper we revisit the Dysonian approach and assume that a superadvanced civilisation is capable of building a cosmic megastructure located closer than the habitable zone (HZ). Then such a Dyson Sphere (DS) might be visible in the optical spectrum. We have shown that for typical high melting point meta material - Graphene, the radius of the DS should be of the order of $10^{11}$cm, or even less. It has been estimated that energy required to maintain the cooling system inside the DS is much less than the luminosity of a star. By considering the stability problem, we have found that the radiation pressure might stabilise dynamics of the megastructure and as a result it will oscillate, leading to interesting observational features - anomalous variability. The similar variability will occur by means of the transverse waves propagating along the surface of the cosmic megastructure. In the summary we also discuss the possible generalisation of definition of HZs that might lead to very interesting observational features.

physics.pop-ph↗

On the Raman Instability in Degenerate Relativistic Plasmas

The stimulated Raman scattering instability in a fully degenerate electron plasma is studied applying relativistic hydrodynamic and Maxwell equations. We demonstrated that the instability develops for weakly as well as strongly relativistic degenerate plasma. It is shown that in the field of strong radiation relativistically degenerate plasma effectively responses as in the case of weak degeneracy.

physics.plasm-ph↗

Centrifugal acceleration in the isotropic photon field

In this paper we study centrifugal acceleration of particles moving along a prescribed rotating curved trajectories. We consider the physical system embedded in an isotropic photon field and study the influence of the photon drag force on the acceleration process. For this purpose we study three major configurations of the field lines: the straight line; the Archimede's spiral and the dipolar field line configuration. By analysing dynamics of particles sliding along the field lines in the equatorial plane we have found several interesting features of motion. In particular, it has been shown that for rectilinear field lines the particles reach the light cylinder (area where the linear velocity of rotation exactly equals the speed of light) zone relatively slowly for bigger drag forces. Considering the Archimede's spiral, we have found that in cases when the field lines lag behind the rotation, the particles achieve the force-free regime of dynamics regardless of the drag force. Unlike this scenario, when the spiral is screwed up in an opposite direction there the particles do not reach the force free regime, but tend to stable equilibrium locations. Such a behaviour has been found for straight field lines as well.

astro-ph.HE↗

Self-Guiding of Electromagnetic Beams in Degenerate Relativistic Electron-Positron Plasma

The possibility of self-trapped propagation of electromagnetic beams in the fully degenerate relativistic electron-positron plasma has been studied applying Fluid-Maxwell model; it is shown that dynamics of such beams can be described by the generalized Nonlinear Schrödinger equation with specific type of saturating nonlinearity. Existence of radially symmetric localized solitary structures is demonstrated. It is found that stable solitary structures exist for the arbitrary level of degeneracy.

physics.plasm-ph↗

Mechanisms for Multi-Scale Structures in Dense Degenerate Astrophysical Plasmas

Two distinct routes lead to the creation of multi--scale equilibrium structures in dense degenerate plasmas, often met in astrophysical conditions. By analyzing an e-p-i plasma consisting of degenerate electrons and positrons with a small contamination of mobile classical ions, we show the creation of a new macro scale $L_{\rm{macro}}$ (controlled by ion concentration). The temperature and degeneracy enhancement effective inertia of bulk e-p components also makes the effective skin depths larger (much larger) than the standard skin depth. The emergence of these intermediate and macro scales lends immense richness to the process of structure formation, and vastly increases the channels for energy transformations. The possible role played by this mechanism in explaining the existence of large-scale structures in astrophysical objects with degenerate plasmas, is examined.

astro-ph.SR↗

Standing Electromagnetic Solitons in Degenerate Relativistic Plasmas

The existence of standing high frequency electromagnetic (EM) solitons in a fully degenerate overdense electron plasma is studied applying relativistic hydrodynamics and Maxwell equations. The stable soliton solutions are found in both relativistic and nonrelativistic degenerate plasmas.

physics.plasm-ph↗

Electromagnetic Solitons in Degenerate Relativistic Electron-Positron Plasma

The existence of soliton-like electromagnetic (EM) distributions in a fully degenerate electron-positron plasma is studied applying relativistic hydrodynamic and Maxwell equations. For circularly polarized wave it is found that the soliton solutions exist both in relativistic as well as nonrelativistic degenerate plasmas. Plasma density in the region of soliton pulse localization is reduced considerably. The possibility of plasma cavitation is also shown.

physics.plasm-ph↗