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V. V. Khruschov

Publications and source records attributed to V. V. Khruschov.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

On new definitions of SI base units. Why is the "atomic" kilogram preferable

We discuss the role of fundamental constants and measurement data for the Planck, Avogadro and Boltzmann constants and the elementary electric charge in connection with the planned transition to new definitions of four base SI units (the kilogram, mole, ampere and kelvin) in terms of fixed values of these constants. It is proposed to choose a new definition of any base SI unit in terms of a particular fundamental physical constant using a number of criteria, or principles, such as succession relative to the current SI, a sufficient stability of the new unit standards, and concordance between physical dimensions of the unit and the corresponding fundamental constant. It is argued that a redefinition of the kilogram and mole by fixing the values of the atomic mass unit and the Avogadro constant satisfies all these criteria and bears some more advantages against the version with fixed Planck constant: a well founded approach to definition of the ampere and the opportunity to preserve the current relationship between definitions of the mole and the kilogram. It is also argued that the kelvin can be redefined independently of the other three units.

physics.ins-det↗

Neutrino mass characteristics in a phenomenological 3+2+1 model

The basic characteristics used for the description of both Dirac and Majorana massive neutrinos are studied. Currently available experimental data for these characteristics are presented with an evidence of possible anomalies beyond the Standard Model with three light neutrinos. Special attention has been paid to ways to determine the neutrino mass absolute scale. In accordance with the available data, the permissible values of the neutrino mass matrix elements are found numerically against the minimal mass of neutrino. Some phenomenological relations for the masses, the angles and the CP-violating phases of the neutrino mixing matrix are discussed, and the values of the neutrino mass characteristics and the Dirac CP-violating phase are evaluated for a model of bimodal neutrinos. The estimations made for masses of sterile neutrinos, the values of the neutrino mass characteristics and the Dirac CP-violating phase can be used for interpretation and prediction of the results of various neutrino experiments.

hep-ph↗

Stepwise redefinition of the SI base units

The four SI base units are proposed to be redefined in two stages: first, the kilogram, mole and ampere should be defined, and then the kelvin. To realize the redefinition of a base unit of the SI in terms of fundamental physical constant (FPC), a principle of coincidence of their physical dimensions is put forward. Direct applying this principle will lead to the changing of the sets of base and derived units in the new SI. If we want to preserve the continuity of the division between base and derived units in the new and the current SI, the principle is to be generalized with the time dimension factor be included. The status of the mole as the base unit of measurement is considered in the current and new SI. It is proposed to redefine the kilogram using a fixed value of the Avogadro constant and then to redefine the kelvin, after the measurement accuracy of the Boltzmann constant has been increased and agreed with the values of other constants of molecular physics.

physics.ins-det↗

Comments on redefinition of SI units based on fundamental physical constants with fixed values

Advantages and disadvantages of fixation of fundamental physical constants' values for definition of SI units are considered. The case with a new definition of the mass unit on the base of a fixed value of the Avogadro constant is studied in detail. Criteria on choosing of a optimum FPC set with fixed values for the redefinition of the SI units are suggested. The minimal optimum FPC set that is consistent with the criteria is presented. The set comprises the speed of light, the constant of the ground state hyperfine transition of the caesium-133 atom, the Avogadro constant, the mass of the carbon-12 atom and the absolute magnitude of the electron charge. Comment on the redefinition of the kelvin is also made.

physics.atom-ph↗

Snyder-Yang algebra and confinement of color particles

A model of color particle confinement is considered. The model is based on the Snyder-Yang algebra, which takes into account a non-commutativity of generalized momenta and coordinates of a color particle and contains two new constants. An extended kinematical invariance in a quantum phase space of a color particle gives rise to an invariant equation with an oscillator rising potential. The presence of the oscillator rising potential can simulate a confinement of a color particle. Mass and lenght parameters involved in the Snyder-Yang commutation relations along with parameters of current and constituent quarks are estimated.

hep-ph↗

Some examples of uses of Dirac equation and its generalizations in particle physics

Applications of the Dirac equation with an anomalous magnetic moment are considered for description of characteristics of electrons, muons and quarks. The Dirac equation with four-dimensional scalar and vector potentials is reduced to a form suitable for a numerical integration. When a certain type of the potential is chosen, solutions can approximate quark states inside hadrons. In view of complicated behaviour of quarks in a confinement domain some generalizations are considered such as the Dirac-Gursey-Lee equation, the Dirac equation in a five-dimensional Minkowski space, the Dirac equation in a quantum phase space. Extended symmetries for the Dirac equation and its generalizations are considered, which can be used for investigation of properties of solutions of these equations and subsequent applications in particle physics.

hep-ph↗

Symmetries of fundamental interactions in quantum phase space

Quantum operators of coordinates and momentum components of a particle in Minkowski space-time belong to a noncommutative algebra and give rise to a quantum phase space. Under some constraints, in particular, the Lorentz invariance condition, the algebra of observables, including Lorentz group generators, depends on additional fundamental physical constants with the dimensions of mass, length and action. Generalized symmetries in a quantum phase space and some consequences for fundamental interactions of particles are considered.

hep-th↗

Evaluation of neutrino masses from $m_{ββ}$ values

A neutrino mass matrix is considered under conditions of a CP invariance and a small reactor mixing $θ_{13}$ angle. Absolute mass values for three neutrinos are evaluated for normal and inverted hierarchy spectra on the ground of data for oscillation mixing neutrino parameters and an effective neutrino mass $m_{ββ}$ related to a probability of neutrinoless two beta decay.

hep-ph↗

Generalized kinematical symmetries of quantum phase space

Continuous symmetries generated with observables of a quantum theory in the Minkowski spacetime are discussed. An example of an originated in this way algebra of observables is the algebra of observables of the canonical quantum theory, that is contained the Lorentz group algebra and the Heisenberg algebra of phase space operators. In the general case commutation relations between observables depend on c, h and additional fundamental constants. Free field equations are considered, which are invariant with respect to generalized kinematical symmetries of the quantum phase space.

math-ph↗

Constants of extended Standard Model and search for their temporal variations

Some methods for the determination and the most precise values of constants of an extended Standard Model, which include the gravitation interaction and massive neutrinos, are presented. Accuracies of constants at different energy scales are compared and the possible manifestations of temporal variations of constants are considered. Theoretical estimations and obtained experimental bounds of variations are listed, that is important as for search of SM generalizations as to account for possible influence on metrological characteristics of measurement standards.

hep-ph↗

Fundamental interactions in quantum phase space specified by extra dimensional constants

A generalized algebra of quantum observables, depending on extra dimensional constants, is considered. Some limiting forms of the algebra are investigated and their possible applications to the descriptions of interactions of fundamental particles are proposed. A relation between current and constituent quark masses is found using a modified quark equation of Dirac-Gursey-Lee type and restrictions on the results of simultaneous measurements of momentum components are pointed out.

hep-th↗

Phenomenological relations for quark and neutrino mixing angles

The recent experimental data on mixing angles for quarks and neutrino have been discussed. Quarks mixing angles are calculated in the phenomenological approach of Fritzsch-Scadron-Delbourgo-Rupp (FSDR approach) using mass values of light and heavy constituent quarks. The neutrino mixing angles have been calculated with the high degree of precision with the help of the hypothesis of quarks and neutrino mixing angles complementarity, the results obtained do not contradict with the present experimental data.

hep-ph↗

Calculation of pseudoscalar and vector mesons' masses in extended model of quasi-independent quarks

Masses of pseudoscalar and vector mesons, which are ground states of light or/and heavy quarks and antiquarks, have been calculated in the framework of an extended model of quasi-independent quarks with absolute uncertainties about 30 MeV. It is shown that the assumption on equidistant discrete levels for a mean field energy does not contradict to existing data and permits to reduce a number of model parameters. It is obtained, that a difference between neighbouring mean field energy levels is flavour independent. Values of spin-spin interaction between quarks and antiquarks with different flavours in pseudoscalar and vector mesons are presented.

hep-ph↗

Calculations of meson mass spectra in the model of quasi-independent quarks

A method of calculations of meson mass spectra in the framework of the model of quasi-independent quarks is discussed. Meson mass spectra evaluated with the help of the Dirac equation with the quasi-Coulombic potential and the confinement potential, as well as with the help of phenomenological mass formulae, are presented. Parameters of the quasi-independent quarks model, which are calulated on the basis of mass values of pseudoscalar and vector mesons, are given. Possible relations between parameters of the quasi-independent quarks model and constants of the Standard model of strong and electroweak interactions are considered.

hep-ph↗

Determination of constants of Standard Model and some generalized models

Methods of determination of constants of the Standard Model are considered. The constants values obtained now are presented and experiments for improving some values are pointed out. A few possible generalized models are considered together with their groups of gauge and kinematical symmetries.

hep-ph↗

Mass spectra of excited meson states consisting of u-, d-quarks and antiquarks

Mass spectra of excited meson states consisting of u-, d-quarks and antiquarks with I = 1 are considered. The comparison between the existing experimental data and the mass values evaluated with phenomenological formulae is carried out. Problems of identification of vector and scalar meson excited states are discussed.

hep-ph↗