Cancellable elements of the lattices of varieties of semigroups and epigroups
We completely determine all semigroup [epigroup] varieties that are cancellable elements of the lattice of all semigroup [respectively epigroup] varieties.
arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V. Yu. Shaprynskii.
We completely determine all semigroup [epigroup] varieties that are cancellable elements of the lattice of all semigroup [respectively epigroup] varieties.
We study special elements of eight types (namely, neutral, standard, costandard, distributive, codistributive, modular, lower-modular and upper-modular elements) in the lattice EPI of all epigroup varieties. Neutral, standard, costandard, distributive and lower-modular elements are completely determined. A strong necessary condition and a sufficient condition for modular elements are found. Modular elements are completely classified within the class of commutative varieties, while codistributive and upper-modular elements are completely determined within the wider class of strongly permutative varieties. It is verified that an element of EPI is costandard if and only if it is neutral; is standard if and only if it is distributive; is modular whenever it is lower-modular; is neutral if and only if it is lower-modular and upper-modular simultaneously. We found also an application of results concerning neutral and lower-modular elements of EPI for studying of definable sets of epigroup varieties.
We describe overcommutative varieties of semigroups whose lattice of overcommutative subvarieties satisfies a non-trivial identity or quasiidentity. These two properties turn out to be equivalent.
The paper contains three main results. First, we show that if a commutative semigroup variety is a modular element of the lattice Com of all commutative semigroup varieties then it is either the variety COM of all commutative semigroups or a nil-variety or the join of a nil-variety with the variety of semilattices. Second, we prove that if a commutative nil-variety is a modular element of Com then it may be given within COM by 0-reduced and substitutive identities only. Third, we completely classify all lower-modular elements of Com. As a corollary, we prove that an element of Com is modular whenever it is lower-modular. All these results are precise analogues of results concerning modular and lower-modular elements of the lattice of all semigroup varieties obtained earlier by Jezek, McKenzie, Vernikov, and the author. As an application of a technique developed in this paper, we provide new proofs of the `prototypes' of the first and the third our results.
We completely determine all lower-modular elements of the lattice of all semigroup varieties. As a corollary, we show that a lower-modular element of this lattice is modular.
We completely determine all distributive, codistributive, standard, costandard, and neutral elements in the lattice of overcommutative semigroup varieties, thus correcting a gap contained in an earlier article by the second author.