arXiv subjects

Vilmos Prokaj

Publications and source records attributed to Vilmos Prokaj.

13 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2022

Example of a Dirichlet process whose zero energy part has finite p-variation

Let $B^H$ be a fractional Brownian motion on $\mathbb{R}$ with Hurst parameter $H\in(0,1)$, $F$ be its pathwise antiderivative with $F(0)=0$, and let $B$ be a standard Brownian motion, independent of $B^H$. We show that the zero energy part $A_t=F(B_t)-\int_0^t F'(B_s)dB_s$ of $F(B)$ has positive and finite $p$-variation in a special sense for $p_0=\frac{2}{1+H}$. We also present some simulation results about the zero energy part of a certain median process which suggest that its $4/3$-variation is positive and finite.

math.PR↗

arXiv2022

On the lack of semimartingale property

In this work we extend the characterization of semimartingale functions in Cinlar et al. (1980) to the non-Markovian setting. We prove that if a function of a semimartingale remains a semimartingale, then under certain conditions the function must have intervals where it is a difference of two convex functions. Under suitable conditions this property also holds for random functions. As an application, we prove that the median process defined in Prokaj et al. (2011) is not a semimartingale. The same process appears also in Hu and Warren (2000) where the question of the semimartingale property is raised but not settled.

math.PR↗

arXiv2019

Angular measures and Birkhoff orthogonality in Minkowski planes

Let $x$ and $y$ be two unit vectors in a normed plane $\mathbb{R}^2$. We say that $x$ is Birkhoff orthogonal to $y$ if the line through $x$ in the direction $y$ supports the unit disc. A B-measure (Fankhänel 2011) is an angular measure $μ$ on the unit circle for which $μ(C)=π/2$ whenever $C$ is a shorter arc of the unit circle connecting two Birkhoff orthogonal points. We present a characterization of the normed planes that admit a B-measure.

math.MG↗

arXiv2018

Local martingales in discrete time

For any discrete-time $P$--local martingale $S$ there exists a probability measure $Q \sim P$ such that $S$ is a $Q$--martingale. A new proof for this result is provided. The core idea relies on an appropriate modification of an argument by Chris Rogers, used to prove a version of the fundamental theorem of asset pricing in discrete time. This proof also yields that, for any $\varepsilon>0$, the measure $Q$ can be chosen so that $\frac{dQ}{dP} \leq 1+\varepsilon$.

math.PR↗

arXiv2016

Stochastic Integral Equations for Walsh Semimartingales

We construct planar semimartingales that include the Walsh Brownian motion as a special case, and derive Harrison-Shepp-type equations and a change-of-variable formula in the spirit of Freidlin-Sheu for these so-called "Walsh semimartingales". We examine the solvability of the resulting system of stochastic integral equations. In appropriate Markovian settings we study two types of connections to martingale problems, questions of uniqueness in distribution for such processes, and a few examples.

math.PR↗

arXiv2015

Shadow price in the power utility case

We consider the problem of maximizing expected power utility from consumption over an infinite horizon in the Black-Scholes model with proportional transaction costs, as studied in Shreve and Soner [Ann. Appl. Probab. 4 (1994) 609-692]. Similar to Kallsen and Muhle-Karbe [Ann. Appl. Probab. 20 (2010) 1341-1358], we derive a shadow price, that is, a frictionless price process with values in the bid-ask spread which leads to the same optimal policy.

q-fin.PM↗

arXiv2014

On the exactness of the Levy-transformation

In a recent paper we gave a sufficient condition for the strong mixing property of the Levy-transformation. In this note we show that it actually implies a much stronger property, namely exactness.

math.PR↗

arXiv2014

Diversity and no arbitrage

A stock market is called diverse if no stock can dominate the market in terms of relative capitalization. On one hand, this natural property leads to arbitrage in diffusion models under mild assumptions. On the other hand, it is also easy to construct diffusion models which are both diverse and free of arbitrage. Can one tell whether an observed diverse market admits arbitrage? In the present paper we argue that this may well be impossible by proving that the known examples of diverse markets in the literature (which do admit arbitrage) can be approximated uniformly (on the logarithmic scale) by models which are both diverse and arbitrage-free.

q-fin.PM↗

arXiv2014

Diffusions with rank-based characteristics and values in the nonnegative quadrant

We construct diffusions with values in the nonnegative orthant, normal reflection along each of the axes, and two pairs of local drift/variance characteristics assigned according to rank; one of the variances is allowed to vanish, but not both. The construction involves solving a system of coupled Skorokhod reflection equations, then ``unfolding'' the Skorokhod reflection of a suitable semimartingale in the manner of Prokaj (Statist. Probab. Lett. 79 (2009) 534-536). Questions of pathwise uniqueness and strength are also addressed, for systems of stochastic differential equations with reflection that realize these diffusions. When the variance of the laggard is at least as large as that of the leader, it is shown that the corner of the quadrant is never visited.

math.PR↗

arXiv2013

The solution of the perturbed Tanaka-equation is pathwise unique

The Tanaka equation $dX_t={\operatorname{sign}}(X_t)\,dB_t$ is an example of a stochastic differential equation (SDE) without strong solution. Hence pathwise uniqueness does not hold for this equation. In this note we prove that if we modify the right-hand side of the equation, roughly speaking, with a strong enough additive noise, independent of the Brownian motion B, then the solution of the obtained equation is pathwise unique.

math.PR↗

arXiv2013

Some sufficient conditions for the ergodicity of the Lévy transformation

We propose a possible way of attacking the question posed originally by Daniel Revuz and Marc Yor in their book published in 1991. They were asking whether the Lévy transformation of the Wiener--space is ergodic. Our main results are formulated in terms of a strongly stationary sequence of random variables obtained by evaluating the iterated paths at time one. Roughly speaking, this sequence has to approach zero "sufficiently fast". For example, one of our results states that if the expected hitting time of small neighbourhoods of the origin do not growth faster then the inverse of the size of these sets then the Lévy transformation is strongly mixing, hence ergodic.

math.PR↗

arXiv2012

Planar Diffusions with Rank-Based Characteristics: Transition Probabilities, Time Reversal, Maximality and Perturbed Tanaka equations

We construct a planar diffusion process whose infinitesimal generator depends only on the order of the components of the process. Speaking informally and a bit imprecisely for the moment, imagine you run two Brownian-like particles on the real line. At any given time, you assign positive drift g and diffusion σ to the laggard; and you assign negative drift -h and diffusion ρ to the leader. We compute the transition probabilities of this process, discuss its realization in terms of appropriate systems of stochastic differential equations, study its dynamics under a time reversal, and note that these involve singularly continuous components governed by local time. Crucial in our analysis are properties of Brownian and semimartingale local time; properties of the generalized perturbed Tanaka equation which we study here in detail; and those of a one-dimensional diffusion with bang-bang drift. We also show that our planar diffusion can be represented in terms of a process with bang-bang drift, its local time at the origin, and an independent standard Brownian motion, in a form which can be construed as a two-dimensional analogue of the stochastic equation satisfied by the so-called skew Brownian motion.

math.PR↗

arXiv2011

The Fixed Point of the Composition of Derivatives

We give an affirmative answer to a question of K. Ciesielski by showing that the composition $f\circ g$ of two derivatives $f,g:[0,1]\to[0,1]$ always has a fixed point. Using Maximoff's Theorem we obtain that the composition of two $[0,1]\to[0,1]$ Darboux Baire-1 functions must also have a fixed point.

math.CA↗