arXiv subjects

Vincenzo Cirigliano

Publications and source records attributed to Vincenzo Cirigliano.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2023

Quantum Information Science and Technology for Nuclear Physics. Input into U.S. Long-Range Planning, 2023

In preparation for the 2023 NSAC Long Range Plan (LRP), members of the Nuclear Science community gathered to discuss the current state of, and plans for further leveraging opportunities in, QIST in NP research at the Quantum Information Science for U.S. Nuclear Physics Long Range Planning workshop, held in Santa Fe, New Mexico on January 31 - February 1, 2023. The workshop included 45 in-person participants and 53 remote attendees. The outcome of the workshop identified strategic plans and requirements for the next 5-10 years to advance quantum sensing and quantum simulations within NP, and to develop a diverse quantum-ready workforce. The plans include resolutions endorsed by the participants to address the compelling scientific opportunities at the intersections of NP and QIST. These endorsements are aligned with similar affirmations by the LRP Computational Nuclear Physics and AI/ML Workshop, the Nuclear Structure, Reactions, and Astrophysics LRP Town Hall, and the Fundamental Symmetries, Neutrons, and Neutrinos LRP Town Hall communities.

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arXiv2023

Scrutinizing CKM unitarity with a new measurement of the $K_{μ3}/K_{μ2}$ branching fraction

Precision tests of first-row unitarity of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix currently display two intriguing tensions, both at the $3σ$ level. First, combining determinations of $V_{ud}$ from superallowed $β$ decays with $V_{us}$ from kaon decays suggests a deficit in the unitarity relation. At the same time, a tension of similar significance has emerged between $K_{\ell 2}$ and $K_{\ell 3}$ decays. In this Letter, we point out that a measurement of the $K_{\mu3}/K_{μ2}$ branching fraction at the level of $0.2\%$ would have considerable impact on clarifying the experimental situation in the kaon sector, especially in view of tensions in the global fit to kaon data as well as the fact that the $K_{\mu2}$ channel is currently dominated by a single experiment. Such a measurement, as possible for example at NA62, would further provide important constraints on physics beyond the Standard Model, most notably on the role of right-handed vector currents.

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arXiv2023

Nucleon form factors and the pion-nucleon sigma term

This talk summarizes the progress made since Lattice 2021 in understanding and controlling the contributions of towers of multihadron excited states with mass gaps starting lower than of radial excitations, and in increasing our confidence in the extraction of ground state nucleon matrix elements. The most clear evidence for multihadron excited state contributions (ESC) is in axial/pseudoscalar form factors that are required to satisfy the PCAC relation between them. The talk examines the broader question--which and how many of the theoretically allowed positive parity states $N(\textbf p)π(-\textbf p)$, $N(\textbf 0)π(\textbf 0)π(\textbf 0)$, $N(\textbf p)π(\textbf 0)$, $N(\textbf 0)π(\textbf p),\ \ldots$ make significant contributions to a given nucleon matrix element? New data for the axial, electric and magnetic form factors are presented. They continue to show trends observed in Ref[1]. The N${}^2$LO $χ$PT analysis of the ESC to the pion-nucleon sigma term, $σ_{πN}$, has been extended to include the $Δ$ as an explicit degree of freedom [2]. The conclusion reached in Ref [3] that $N π$ and $N ππ$ states each contribute about 10 MeV to $σ_{πN}$, and the consistency between the lattice result with $N π$ state included and the phenomenological estimate is not changed by this improvement.

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arXiv2023

nEDM from the theta-term and chromoEDM operators

In a previous work, we showed that unresolved excited state contaminations provide a major source of systematic uncertainty in the calculation of the nucleon electric dipole moment due to the QCD topological term theta. Here we extend the calculation to the quark chromo-electric dipole moment operator (qcEDM). We also show quantitatively the impact of the mixing of the qcEDM with lower-dimensional operators on the lattice. Finally, we present preliminary results from a unitary clover-on-clover calculation for the QCD topological term.

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arXiv2022

Lattice QCD and Particle Physics

Contribution from the USQCD Collaboration to the Proceedings of the US Community Study on the Future of Particle Physics (Snowmass 2021).

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arXiv2022

Report of the Snowmass 2021 Topical Group on Lattice Gauge Theory

Lattice gauge theory continues to be a powerful theoretical and computational approach to simulating strongly interacting quantum field theories, whose applications permeate almost all disciplines of modern-day research in High-Energy Physics. Whether it is to enable precision quark- and lepton-flavor physics, to uncover signals of new physics in nucleons and nuclei, to elucidate hadron structure and spectrum, to serve as a numerical laboratory to reach beyond the Standard Model, or to invent and improve state-of-the-art computational paradigms, the lattice-gauge-theory program is in a prime position to impact the course of developments and enhance discovery potential of a vibrant experimental program in High-Energy Physics over the coming decade. This projection is based on abundant successful results that have emerged using lattice gauge theory over the years: on continued improvement in theoretical frameworks and algorithmic suits; on the forthcoming transition into the exascale era of high-performance computing; and on a skillful, dedicated, and organized community of lattice gauge theorists in the U.S. and worldwide. The prospects of this effort in pushing the frontiers of research in High-Energy Physics have recently been studied within the U.S. decadal Particle Physics Planning Exercise (Snowmass 2021), and the conclusions are summarized in this Topical Report.

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arXiv2022

On Baryon and Lepton Number Violation

In this report we discuss the main theories to understand the origin of baryon and lepton number violation in physics beyond the Standard Model. We present the theoretical predictions for rare processes such as neutrinoless double beta decay, proton decay, and neutron-antineutron oscillation, and overview the prospects to discover these rare processes in the near future. The possibility to observe baryon and lepton violating signatures at current and future colliders and through precision studies of other rare processes, and the testability of different baryogenesis mechanisms is discussed in detail. A healthy and broad experimental program looking for proton decay, neutrinoless double beta decay and neutron-antineutron oscillations is essential to make new discoveries in this field. These searches are carried out at various experimental facilities in the US and abroad, and use instrumentation arching across traditional HEP/NP boundaries. In addition, experiments such as those at the Large Hadron Collider could discover exotic baryon and/or lepton number violating signatures connected to low energy scale theories for neutrino masses, supersymmetric models with R-parity violation, new gauge theories or other mechanisms for physics beyond the Standard Model. The landscape presented in this report could be crucial to discover the underlying mechanism for neutrino masses and the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe.

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arXiv2022

Ab initio calculation of the $β$ decay spectrum of $^6$He

We calculate the $β$ spectrum in the decay of $^6$He using Quantum Monte Carlo methods with nuclear interactions derived from chiral Effective Field Theory and consistent weak vector and axial currents. We work at second order in the multipole expansion, retaining terms suppressed by $\mathcal O(q^2/m_π^2)$, where $q$ denotes low-energy scales such as the reaction's $\mathcal Q$-value or the electron energy, and $m_π$ the pion mass. We go beyond the impulse approximation by including the effects of two-body vector and axial currents. We estimate the theoretical error on the spectrum by using four potential models in the Norfolk family of local two- and three-nucleon interactions, which have different cut-off, fit two-nucleon data up to different energies and use different observables to determine the couplings in the three-body force. We find the theoretical uncertainty on the $β$ spectrum, normalized by the total rate, to be well below the permille level, and to receive contributions of comparable size from first and second order corrections in the multipole expansion. We consider corrections to the $β$ decay spectrum induced by beyond-the-Standard Model charged-current interactions in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory, with and without sterile neutrinos, and discuss the sensitivity of the next generation of experiments to these interactions.

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arXiv2022

Semileptonic tau decays beyond the Standard Model

Hadronic $τ$ decays are studied as probe of new physics. We determine the dependence of several inclusive and exclusive $τ$ observables on the Wilson coefficients of the low-energy effective theory describing charged-current interactions between light quarks and leptons. The analysis includes both strange and non-strange decay channels. The main result is the likelihood function for the Wilson coefficients in the tau sector, based on the up-to-date experimental measurements and state-of-the-art theoretical techniques. The likelihood can be readily combined with inputs from other low-energy precision observables. We discuss a combination with nuclear beta, baryon, pion, and kaon decay data. In particular, we provide a comprehensive and model-independent description of the new physics hints in the combined dataset, which are known under the name of the Cabibbo anomaly.

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arXiv2022

Snowmass 2021 White Paper: Charged lepton flavor violation in the tau sector

Charged lepton flavor violation has long been recognized as unambiguous signature of New Physics. Here we describe the physics capabilities and discovery potential of New Physics models with charged lepton flavor violation in the tau sector as its experimental signature. Current experimental status from the B-Factory experiments BaBar, Belle and Belle II, and future prospects at Super Tau Charm Factory, LHC, EIC and FCC-ee experiments to discover New Physics via charged lepton flavor violation in the tau sector are discussed in detail. Submitted to the Proceedings of the US Community Study on the Future of Particle Physics (Snowmass 2021)

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arXiv2022

Next-to-leading order scalar contributions to $μ\rightarrow e$ conversion

Within a class of models in which lepton flavor violation is induced dominantly by scalar particle exchanges, we estimate the $μ\to e$ conversion rate in several nuclei. We include next-to-leading order (NLO) terms in the one- and two-nucleon interactions in chiral effective theory, rectifying some incorrect results in the previous literature. We provide an uncertainty budget for the conversion rates and we find that NLO contributions affect the amplitudes at the level of $10\%$, which could be larger than the uncertainty on the leading order couplings, dominated by the strange and non-strange nucleon sigma terms. We study the implications of our results for testing Higgs-mediated CLFV in the future by combining results from various experimental searches, such as $μ\to e$ conversion in multiple target nuclei and $μ\to e γ$.

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arXiv2022

Testing Lepton Flavor Universality with Pion, Kaon, Tau, and Beta Decays

We present an overview of searches fo violation of lepton flavor universality with focus on low energy precision probes using pions, kaons, tau leptons, and nuclear beta decays. The current experimental results are reviewed, the theoretical status within the context of the Standard Model is summarized, and future prospects (both experimental and theoretical) are discussed. We review the implications of these measurements for physics beyond the Standard Model by performing a global model-independent fit to modified $W$ couplings to leptons and four-fermion operators. We also discuss new physics in the context of simplified models and review Standard Model extensions with focus on those which can explain a possible deviation from unitarity of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark mixing matrix.

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arXiv2022

Beta-decay implications for the W-boson mass anomaly

We point out the necessity to consider $β$-decay observables in resolutions of the $W$-boson anomaly in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory that go beyond pure oblique corrections. We demonstrate that present global analyses that explain the $W$-boson mass anomaly predict a large, percent-level, violation of first-row CKM unitarity. We investigate what solutions to the $W$-boson mass anomaly survive after including $β$-decay constraints.

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arXiv2022

Electric dipole moments and the search for new physics

Static electric dipole moments of nondegenerate systems probe mass scales for physics beyond the Standard Model well beyond those reached directly at high energy colliders. Discrimination between different physics models, however, requires complementary searches in atomic-molecular-and-optical, nuclear and particle physics. In this report, we discuss the current status and prospects in the near future for a compelling suite of such experiments, along with developments needed in the encompassing theoretical framework.

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arXiv2022

Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay: A Roadmap for Matching Theory to Experiment

The observation of neutrino oscillations and hence non-zero neutrino masses provided a milestone in the search for physics beyond the Standard Model. But even though we now know that neutrinos are massive, the nature of neutrino masses, i.e., whether they are Dirac or Majorana, remains an open question. A smoking-gun signature of Majorana neutrinos is the observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay, a process that violates the lepton-number conservation of the Standard Model. This white paper focuses on the theoretical aspects of the neutrinoless double-beta decay program and lays out a roadmap for future developments. The roadmap is a multi-scale path starting from high-energy models of neutrinoless double-beta decay all the way to the low-energy nuclear many-body problem that needs to be solved to supplement measurements of the decay rate. The path goes through a systematic effective-field-theory description of the underlying processes at various scales and needs to be supplemented by lattice quantum chromodynamics input. The white paper also discusses the interplay between neutrinoless double-beta decay, experiments at the Large Hadron Collider and results from astrophysics and cosmology in probing simplified models of lepton-number violation at the TeV scale, and the generation of the matter-antimatter asymmetry via leptogenesis. This white paper is prepared for the topical groups TF11 (Theory of Neutrino Physics), TF05 (Lattice Gauge Theory), RF04 (Baryon and Lepton Number Violating Processes), NF03 (Beyond the Standard Model) and NF05 (Neutrino Properties) within the Theory Frontier, Rare Processes and Precision Frontier, and Neutrino Physics Frontier of the U.S. Community Study on the Future of Particle Physics (Snowmass 2021).

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arXiv2022

Excited states and precision results for nucleon charges and form factors

The exponentially falling signal-to-noise ratio in all nucleon correlation functions, and the presence of towers of multihadron excited states with relatively small mass gaps makes extraction of matrix elements of various operators within the ground state nucleon challenging. Theoretically, the allowed positive parity states with the smallest mass gaps are the $N(\bm p)π(-\bm p)$, $N(\bm 0)π(\bm 0)π(\bm 0)$, $N(\bm p)π(\bm 0)$, $N(\bm 0)π(\bm p),\ \ldots$, states. A priori, the contribution of these states arises at one loop in chiral perturbation theory ($χ$PT), however, in many cases the contributions are enhanced. In this talk, I will review four such cases: the correlation functions from which the axial form factors, electric and magnetic form factors, the $Θ$-term contribution to neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM), and the pion-nucleon sigma term are extracted. Including appropriate multihadron states in the analysis can lead to significantly different results compared to standard analyses with the mass gaps taken from fits to 2-point functions. The $χ$PT case for $N π$ states is the most clear in the axial/pseudoscalar form factors which need to satisfy the PCAC relation between them. Our analyses, supported by $χ$PT, suggests similarly large effects in the calculations of the $Θ$-term and the pion-nucleon sigma term that have significant phenomenological implications.

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arXiv2022

Calculation of neutron electric dipole moment due to the QCD topological term, Weinberg three-gluon operator and the quark chromoelectric moment

We present results for the neutron electric dipole moment due to the dimension 4 and dimension 6 gluonic CP violation, and the isovector quark chromoelectric dipole moment using clover valence quarks on HISQ dynamical ensembles generated by the MILC Collaboration. For the gluonic operators, we use the gradient flow scheme to obtain divergence-free continuum results. For the chromoelectric dipole moment operator, we use the unflowed local operator but discuss how the quadratically divergent mixing with the pseudoscalar operator can be controlled nonperturbatively.

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arXiv2022

Pion-induced radiative corrections to neutron beta-decay

We compute the electromagnetic corrections to neutron beta decay using a low-energy hadronic effective field theory. We identify and compute new radiative corrections arising from virtual pions that were missed in previous studies. The largest correction is a percent-level shift in the axial charge of the nucleon proportional to the electromagnetic part of the pion-mass splitting. Smaller corrections, comparable to anticipated experimental precision, impact the $β$-$ν$ angular correlations and the $β$-asymmetry. We comment on implications of our results for the comparison of the experimentally measured axial charge with first-principle computations using lattice QCD and on the potential of $β$-decay experiments to constrain beyond-the-Standard-Model interactions.

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