arXiv subjects

Vipin P. Veetil

Publications and source records attributed to Vipin P. Veetil.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Allocation Condensation in Redistributive Networks

We study a fixed network on which new mass is allocated in proportion to a power of each node's stock and then redistributed. Transport retains a fraction of both old and new mass at each node and divides the rest according to fixed background shares. We show that a small amount of retention can sustain concentration on networks where complete redistribution would leave every node's share of new mass vanishing as the network grows. A node receiving most new mass may retain little relative to the network total, yet much more than redistribution alone would supply. For a power above one, the allocation rule amplifies this relative stock advantage at the next step. We identify retention rates tending to zero with network size that allow widely spread and concentrated stationary allocations to coexist on the same network. One of them stays close to the allocation under complete redistribution. Each node can also dominate a separate concentrated allocation, receiving a share of new mass tending to one. The stocks supporting these allocations attract nearby trajectories, although every stationary stock approaches the same background, with even its largest share tending to zero. These allocations continue to coexist under specified changes in transport that preserve the background. Redistribution can therefore spread the stock widely without spreading new allocations in the same way.

physics.soc-ph↗

arXiv2026

Shock Propagation and Macroeconomic Fluctuations

We study how idiosyncratic firm-level shocks generate aggregate volatility and tail risk when they propagate through a production network under overlapping adjustment: new productivity draws arrive before the economy reaches the static equilibrium associated with earlier draws. Each innovation generates a `productivity wave' that mixes and dissipates over time as it travels through the production network. Macroeconomic fluctuations emerge from the interference between these waves of different vintages. The interference between these waves is governed by the dominant transient eigenvalue of the production network, and therefore so are the macroeconomic fluctuations they generate. In such a dynamic regime, the tail of the degree distribution is a markedly weaker determinant of macro fluctuations than in the fully adjusted static benchmark. And the macroeconomic significance of the degree-heterogeneity of production networks cannot be known without knowing the rate at which the economy converges to equilibrium or equivalently the spectral properties of the production network. More concretely, once we permit the time-averaging of shocks, granular shocks may account for only a small fraction of the empirically observed aggregate volatility.

econ.TH↗

arXiv2026

Macroeconomic Risks from Maritime Trade Disruptions

This paper develops a model of maritime chokepoint closures in which interrupting a shipping passage produces losses that are not measured, or even bounded, by the value of the trade that transits it. The losses stem from disruptions to the flow of intermediate inputs that are complementary in downstream production. Re-matching displaced trade on the buyer and seller sides of the market limits the damage but, at the calibrated recovery friction, does not eliminate it. Across countries, the incidence of these losses is heavy-tailed, and it reaches economies whose cargo never crosses the passage. The two ends of a severed corridor lose unequally, the exporting side by several times at the typical corridor and by a factor of twelve at the largest energy gate, as economic geography funnels commodity-concentrated sellers through a single passage while their buyers re-source. Joint maritime chokepoint closures depart from the sum of their parts: the Middle East scenario is sub-additive, while the East Asia and Russia--Europe scenarios are super additive. The Strait of Hormuz, the largest of the energy gates and the sole sea exit of the Persian Gulf, closed at the end of February 2026. The model prices a sustained closure of it at 1.6% of world GDP, and at roughly half that once the overland crude pipelines the episode mobilized are credited.

econ.GN↗

arXiv2026

When Is Degree Enough? Bounds on Degree-Eigenvector Misalignment in Assortative Structured Networks

A tight alignment between the degree vector and the leading eigenvector arises naturally in networks with neutral degree mixing and the absence of local structures. Many real-world networks, however, violate both conditions. We derive bounds on the divergence between the degree vector and the eigenvector in networks with degree assortativity and local mesoscopic structures such as communities, core-peripheries, and cycles. Our approach is constructive. We design sufficiently general degree-preserving rewiring algorithms that start from a neutral benchmark and monotonically increase assortativity and the strength of local structures, with each step inducing a perturbation of the adjacency matrix. Using the Stewart--Sun Perturbation Bound, together with explicit spectral-norm control of the rewiring steps, we derive upper bounds on the angle between the eigenvector and the degree vector for modest levels of assortativity and local structures. Our analytical bounds delineate regions of `spectral safety' in which a node's degree can be used as a reliable measure of its systemic importance in real-world networks. We also substantiate our analytical bounds with numerical simulations that compute the exact angles of deviation.

cs.SI↗

arXiv2026

How Vulnerable is India's Economy to Foreign Sanctions?

This paper develops a simple model of the world supply chain to estimate the effects of sanctions that restrict the flow of inputs from one country to another. Such restrictions operate through changes in the weights of the global production network: the sanctioning country ceases supplying certain inputs to the target country and reallocates its production to other destinations. Using the OECD Inter-Country Input--Output tables, we calibrate the model to assess the vulnerability of the Indian economy. We consider two classes of counterfactuals: restrictions on a single sector of a foreign country supplying India, and restrictions on all sectors of a foreign country supplying India. We then rank foreign countries and foreign country-sectors by the risk that their supply restrictions pose to economic activity in India. Our results show that India's greatest country-level vulnerability is to China, followed by the United Arab Emirates, the United States, Saudi Arabi and Russia, with the vulnerability to China being twice as much that to the UAE.

econ.GN↗