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Volker Runde

Publications and source records attributed to Volker Runde.

50 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
arXiv2003

Operator biflatness of the Fourier algebra and approximate indicators for subgroups

We investigate if, for a locally compact group $G$, the Fourier algebra $A(G)$ is biflat in the sense of quantized Banach homology. A central role in our investigation is played by the notion of an approximate indicator of a closed subgroup of $G$: The Fourier algebra is operator biflat whenever the diagonal in $G \times G$ has an approximate indicator. Although we have been unable to settle the question of whether $A(G)$ is always operator biflat, we show that, for $G = SL(3,C)$, the diagonal in $G \times G$ fails to have an approximate indicator.

math.FA↗
arXiv2003

Operator amenability of Fourier-Stieltjes algebras

The notion of operator amenability was introduced by Z.-J. Ruan in 1995. He showed that a locally compact group G is amenable if and only if its Fourier algebra A(G) is operator amenable. In this paper, we investigate the operator amenability of the Fourier-Stieltjes algebra B(G) and of the reduced Fourier-Stieltjes algebra B_r(G). The natural conjecture is that any of these algebras is operator amenable if and only if G is compact. We partially prove this conjecture with mere operator amenability replaced by operator C-amenability for some constant C < 5. In the process, we obtain a new decomposition of B(G), which can be interpreted as the non-commutative counterpart of the decomposition of M(G) into the discrete and the continuous measures. We further introduce a variant of operator amenability - called operator Connes-amenability - which also takes the dual space structure on B(G) and B_r(G) into account. We show that B_r(G) is operator Connes-amenable if and only if G is amenable. Surprisingly, B(F_2) is operator Connes-amenable although F_2, the free group in two generators, fails to be amenable.

math.FA↗
arXiv2003

Operator Figa-Talamanca-Herz algebras

Let G be a locally compact group. We use the canonical operator space structure on the spaces $L^p(G)$ for $p \in [1,\infty]$ introduced by G. Pisier to define operator space analogues $OA_p(G)$ of the classical Figa-Talamanca-Herz algebras $A_p(G)$. If $p \in (1,\infty)$ is arbitrary, then $A_p(G) \subset OA_p(G)$ such that the inclusion is a contraction; if p = 2, then $OA_2(G) \cong A(G)$ as Banachspaces spaces, but not necessarily as operator spaces. We show that $OA_p(G)$ is a completely contractive Banach algebra for each $p \in (1,\infty)$, and that $OA_q(G) \subset OA_p(G)$ completely contractively for amenable $G$ if $1 < p \leq q \leq 2$ or $2 \leq q \leq p < \infty$. Finally, we characterize the amenability of G through the existence of a bounded approximate identity in $OA_p(G)$ for one (or equivalently for all) $p \in (1,\infty)$.

math.FA↗
arXiv2002

Abstract harmonic analysis, homological algebra, and operator spaces

In 1972, B. E. Johnson proved that a locally compact group $G$ is amenable if and only if certain Hochschild cohomology groups of its convolution algebra $L^1(G)$ vanish. Similarly, $G$ is compact if and only if $L^1(G)$ is biprojective: In each case, a classical property of $G$ corresponds to a cohomological propety of $L^1(G)$. Starting with the work of Z.-J. Ruan in 1995, it has become apparent that in the non-commutative setting, i.e. when dealing with the Fourier algebra $A(G)$ or the Fourier-Stieltjes algebra $B(G)$, the canonical operator space structure of the algebras under consideration has to be taken into account: In analogy with Johnson's result, Ruan characterized the amenable locally compact groups $G$ through the vanishing of certain cohomology groups of $A(G)$. In this paper, we give a survey of historical developments, known results, and current open problems.

math.FA↗
arXiv2002

The operator amenability of uniform algebras

We prove a quantized version of a theorem by M. V. Sheinberg: A uniform algebra equipped with its canonical, i.e. minimal, operator space structure is operator amenable if and only if it is a commutative $C^\ast$-algebra.

math.FA↗
arXiv2002

Noether

We give a short biographical sketch of Emmy Noether.

math.HO↗
arXiv2002

Banach space properties forcing a reflexive amenable Banach algebra to be trivial

It is an open problem whether an infinite-dimensional amenable Banach algebra exists whose underlying Banach space is reflexive. We give sufficient conditions for a reflexive, amenable Banach algebra to be finite-dimensional (and thus a finite direct sum of full matrix algebras). If $A$ is a reflexive, amenable Banach algebra such that for each maximal left ideal $L$ of $A$ (i) the quotient $A / L$ has the approximation property and (ii) the canonical map from $A \check{\otimes} L^\perp$ to $(A / L) \wtensor L^\perp$ is open, then $A$ is finite-dimensional. As an application, we show that, if $A$ is an a menable Banach algebra whose underlying Banach space is an ${\cal L}^p$-space with $p \in (1,\infty)$ such that for each maximal left ideal $L$ the quotient $A / L$ has the approximation property, then $A$ is finite-dimensional.

math.FA↗
arXiv2002

Amenability for dual Banach algebras

We define a Banach algebra A to be dual if $A = (A_\ast)^\ast$ for a closed submodule $A_\ast$ of $A^\ast$. The class of dual Banach algebras includes all $W^\ast$-algebras, but also all algebras M(G) for locally compact groups G, all algebras L(E) for reflexive Banach spaces E, as well as all biduals of Arens regular Banach algebras. The general impression is that amenable, dual Banach algebras are rather the exception than the rule. We confirm this impression. We first show that under certain conditions an amenable dual Banach algebra is already super-amenable and thus finite-dimensional. We then develop two notions of amenability - Connes-amenability and strong Connes-amenability - which take the $w^\ast$-topology on dual Banach algebras into account. We relate the amenability of an Arens regular Banach algebra A to the (strong) Connes-amenability of $A^{\ast\ast}$; as an application, we show that there are reflexive Banach spaces with the approximation property such that L(E) is not Connes-amenable. We characterize the amenability of inner amenable locally compact groups in terms of their algebras of pseudo-measures. Finally, we give a proof of the known fact that the amenable von Neumann algebras are the subhomogeneous ones which avoids the equivalence of amenability and nuclearity for $C^\ast$-algebras.

math.FA↗
arXiv2002

The flip is often discontinuous

Let $A$ be a Banach algebra. The flip on $A \otimes A^\op$ is defined through $A \otimes A^\op \ni a \tensor b \mapsto b \tensor a$. If $A$ is ultraprime, $\El(A)$, the algebra of all elementary operators on $A$, can be algebraically identified with $A \otimes A^\op$, so that the flip is well defined on $\El(\A)$. We show that the flip on $\El(A)$ is discontinuous if $A = K(E)$ for a reflexive Banach space $E$ with the approximation property.

math.FA↗
arXiv2002

An amenable, radical Banach algebra

We give an example of an amenable, radical Banach algebra, relying on results from non-abelian harmonic analysis due to H. Leptin, D. Poguntke and J. Boidol.

math.FA↗
arXiv2002

Gelfand theory for non-commutative Banach algebras

Let $A$ be a Banach algebra. We call a pair $(G, B)$ a Gelfand theory for $A$ if the following axioms are satisfied: (G 1) $B$ is a $C^\ast$-algebra, and $G : A \to B$ is a homomorphism; (G 2) the assignment $L \mapsto G^{-1}(L)$ is a bijection between the sets of maximal modularleft ideals of $B$ and $A$, respectively; (G 3) for each maximal modular left ideal $L$ of $B$, the linear map $G_L : A / G^{-1}(L) \to B /L $ induced by $B$ has dense range. The Gelfand theory of a commutative Banach algebra is easily seen to be characterized by these axioms. Gelfand theories of arbitrary Banach algebras enjoy many of the properties of commutative Gelfand theory. We show that unital, homogeneous Banach algebras always have a Gelfand theory. For liminal $C^\ast$-algebras with discrete spectrum, we show that the identity is the only Gelfand theory (up to an appropriate notion of equivalence).

math.FA↗
arXiv2002

Weierstraß

We give a short biographical sketch of Karl Weierstrass.

math.HO↗