arXiv subjects

Vyron Vellis

Publications and source records attributed to Vyron Vellis.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Sobolev spaces on snowtrees

We introduce a discrete-energy Sobolev space $\mathcal{W}^{1,p}_{\mathscr V}(T)$ on Ahlfors regular snowtrees, a class of metric trees where every arc is a snowflake of the same type. Our main result shows that, for every partition $\mathscr V$ and every $1<p<\infty$, this discrete space coincides quantitatively with the Korevaar--Schoen space on $T$. This fact and the independence of the space on the particular partition used to define $\mathcal{W}^{1,p}_{\mathscr V}(T)$ are both novel even for the class of geodesic trees. We also determine the critical Korevaar-Schoen exponent for Ahlfors regular snowtrees and prove capacity attainment and upper estimates, which reveal the appropriate walk dimension needed for the corresponding probabilistic profile on these trees.

math.MG↗

arXiv2026

Flatness, Menger curvature, and parametrization

We show that on linearly locally contractible (LLC) manifolds, the beta numbers (which describe unilateral flatness) are comparable to the theta numbers (which describe bilateral flatness), quantitatively. As an application, we show that if $M\subset\mathbb{R}^n$ is a compact LLC $m$-manifold with finite Menger $p$-energy for some $p>m(m+2)$, then $M$ is in fact a $C^{1,\alpha}$ manifold. We also show that the bound $m(m+2)$ is critical by constructing, for each $n\geq 3$, an LLC $n$-sphere in $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ that has finite Menger $p$-energy for every $p<m(m+2)$ but is not even quasisymmetrically equivalent to the standard $n$-sphere.

math.MG↗

arXiv2026

Tangents to Lipschitz and Sobolev images

We develop geometric versions of Rademacher and Calderon type differentiability theorems in two categories. A special case of our results is that for any Lipschitz or continuous $W^{1,p}$ Sobolev map $f$ from $[0,1]^n$ into a Euclidean space with $p>n$, the image $f([0,1]^n)$ has a unique tangent set (Attouch-Wets convergence) at almost every point with respect to the $n$-dimensional Hausdorff measure. In the analogous case when $f$ is a continuous $N^{1,p}$ map from $[0,1]^n$ into a metric space, we show that the image $f([0,1]^n)$ has a unique metric tangent (Gromov-Hausdorff convergence) almost everywhere. These results complement, but are distinct from Federer's theorem on existence and uniqueness of approximate tangents of $n$-rectifiable sets in $\mathbb{R}^d$. We show that approximate tangents to Sobolev images can be upgraded to Attouch-Wets or Gromov-Hausdorff tangents by first proving that the $n$-packing content of Sobolev images is finite, then proving that the inability to upgrade on a set of positive measure implies infinite packing content.

math.MG↗

arXiv2025

Hölder curves with exotic tangent spaces

An important implication of Rademacher's Differentiation Theorem is that every Lipschitz curve $Γ$ infinitesimally looks like a line at almost all of its points in the sense that at $\mathcal{H}^1$-almost every point of $Γ$, the only tangent to $Γ$ is a straight line through the origin. In this article, we show that, in contrast, the infinitesimal structure of Hölder curves can be much more extreme. First we show that for every $s>1$ there exists a $(1/s)$-Hölder curve $Γ_s$ in a Euclidean space with $\mathcal{H}^s(Γ_s)>0$ such that $\mathcal{H}^s$-almost every point of $Γ_s$ admits infinitely many topologically distinct tangents. Second, we study the tangents of self-similar connected sets (which are canonical examples of Hölder curves) and prove that the curves $Γ_s$ have the additional property that $\mathcal{H}^s$-almost every point of $Γ_s$ admits infinitely many homeomorphically distinct tangents to $Γ_s$ which are not admitted as (not even bi-Lipschitz to) tangents to any self-similar set at typical points.

math.MG↗

arXiv2025

Hölder spiral arcs

We establish a quantitative necessary and sufficient condition for a spiral arc to be a Hölder arc. The class of spiral arcs contains the polynomial spirals studied by Fraser, and the elliptical spirals studied by Burrell-Falconer-Fraser. As an application, we recover the sharp result on the Hölder winding problem for polynomial spirals. Moreover, we provide a sharp exponent estimate for the Hölder classification of polynomial spirals, which coincides with the corresponding quasiconformal classification estimate, and improve certain exponent bounds of Burrell-Falconer-Fraser on the Hölder classification of elliptical spirals.

math.CA↗

arXiv2025

Quasisymmetric rectifiability of uniformly disconnected sets

We prove that uniformly disconnected subsets of metric measure spaces with controlled geometry (complete, Ahlfors regular, supporting a Poincare inequality, and a mild topological condition) are contained in a quasisymmetric arc. This generalizes a result of MacManus in 1999 from Euclidean spaces to abstract metric setting. Along the way, we prove a geometric strengthening of the classical Denjoy-Riesz theorem in metric measure spaces. Finally, we prove that the complement of a uniformly disconnected set in such a metric space is uniform, quantitatively.

math.MG↗

arXiv2024

Universal quasiconformal trees

A quasiconformal tree is a doubling (compact) metric tree in which the diameter of each arc is comparable to the distance of its endpoints. We show that for each integer $n\geq 2$, the class of all quasiconformal trees with uniform branch separation and valence at most $n$, contains a quasisymmetrically ''universal'' element, that is, an element of this class into which every other element can be embedded quasisymmetrically. We also show that every quasiconformal tree with uniform branch separation quasisymmetrically embeds into $\mathbb{R}^2$. Our results answer two questions of Bonk and Meyer from 2022, in higher generality, and partially answer one question of Bonk and Meyer from 2020.

math.MG↗

arXiv2024

Genus $g$ Cantor sets and germane Julia sets

The primary aim of this paper is to give topological obstructions to Cantor sets in $\mathbb{R}^3$ being Julia sets of uniformly quasiregular mappings. Our main tool is the genus of a Cantor set. We give a new construction of a genus $g$ Cantor set, the first for which the local genus is $g$ at every point, and then show that this Cantor set can be realized as the Julia set of a uniformly quasiregular mapping. These are the first such Cantor Julia sets constructed for $g\geq 3$. We then turn to our dynamical applications and show that every Cantor Julia set of a hyperbolic uniformly quasiregular map has a finite genus $g$; that a given local genus in a Cantor Julia set must occur on a dense subset of the Julia set; and that there do exist Cantor Julia sets where the local genus is non-constant.

math.DS↗

arXiv2024

Time complexity of the Analyst's Traveling Salesman algorithm

The Analyst's Traveling Salesman Problem asks for conditions under which a (finite or infinite) subset of $\mathbb{R}^N$ is contained on a curve of finite length. We show that for finite sets, the algorithm constructed by Schul (2007)and Badger-Naples-Vellis (2019) that solves the Analyst's Traveling Salesman Problem has polynomial time complexity and we determine the sharp exponent.

cs.DS↗

arXiv2024

Parametrizability of infinitely generated attractors

An infinite iterated function system (IIFS) is a countable collection of contraction maps on a compact metric space. In this paper we study the conditions under which the attractor of a such system admits a parameterization by a continuous or Hölder continuous map of the unit interval.

math.MG↗

arXiv2024

Bi-Lipschitz arcs in metric spaces with controlled geometry

We generalize a bi-Lipschitz extension result of David and Semmes from Euclidean spaces to complete metric measure spaces with controlled geometry (Ahlfors regularity and supporting a Poincaré inequality). In particular, we find sharp conditions on metric measure spaces $X$ so that any bi-Lipschitz embedding of a subset of the real line into $X$ extends to a bi-Lipschitz embedding of the whole line. Along the way, we prove that if the complement of an open subset $Y$ of $X$ has small Assouad dimension, then it is a uniform domain. Finally, we prove a quantitative approximation of continua in $X$ by bi-Lipschitz curves.

math.MG↗

arXiv2022

Bi-Lipschitz geometry of quasiconformal trees

A quasiconformal tree is a doubling metric tree in which the diameter of each arc is bounded above by a fixed multiple of the distance between its endpoints. We study the geometry of these trees in two directions. First, we construct a catalog of metric trees in a purely combinatorial way, and show that every quasiconformal tree is bi-Lipschitz equivalent to one of the trees in our catalog. This is inspired by results of Herron-Meyer and Rohde for quasi-arcs. Second, we show that a quasiconformal tree bi-Lipschitz embeds in a Euclidean space if and only if its set of leaves admits such an embedding. In particular, all quasi-arcs bi-Lipschitz embed into some Euclidean space.

math.MG↗

arXiv2022

Decomposing Multitwists

The Decomposition Problem in the class $LIP(\mathbb{S}^2)$ is to decompose any bi-Lipschitz map $f:\mathbb{S}^2 \to \mathbb{S}^2$ as a composition of finitely many maps of arbitrarily small isometric distortion. In this paper, we construct a decomposition for certain bi-Lipschitz maps which spiral around every point of a Cantor set $X$ of Assouad dimension strictly smaller than one. These maps are constructed by considering a collection of Dehn twists on the Riemann surface $\mathbb{S}^2 \setminus X$. The decomposition is then obtained via a bi-Lipschitz path which simultaneously unwinds these Dehn twists. As part of our construction, we also show that $X \subset \mathbb{S}^2$ is uniformly disconnected if and only if the Riemann surface $\mathbb{S}^2 \setminus X$ has a pants decomposition whose cuffs have hyperbolic length uniformly bounded above, which may be of independent interest.

math.MG↗

arXiv2021

Bi-Lipschitz embeddings of quasiconformal trees

A quasiconformal tree is a doubling metric tree in which the diameter of each arc is bounded above by a fixed multiple of the distance between its endpoints. In this paper we show that every quasiconformal tree bi-Lipschitz embeds in some Euclidean space, with the ambient dimension and the bi-Lipschitz constant depending only on the doubling and bounded turning constants of the tree. This answers Question 1.6 in \cite{DV} (arXiv:2007.12297).

math.MG↗

arXiv2021

Uniformization of Cantor sets with bounded geometry

In this note we provide a quasisymmetric taming of uniformly perfect and uniformly disconnected sets that generalizes a result of MacManus from 2 to higher dimensions. In particular, we show that a compact subset of $\mathbb{R}^n$ is uniformly perfect and uniformly disconnected if and only if it is ambiently quasiconformal to the standard Cantor set $\mathcal{C}$ in $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$.

math.MG↗

arXiv2020

Hölder parameterization of iterated function systems and a self-affine phenomenon

We investigate the Hölder geometry of curves generated by iterated function systems (IFS) in a complete metric space. A theorem of Hata from 1985 asserts that every connected attractor of an IFS is locally connected and path-connected. We give a quantitative strengthening of Hata's theorem. First we prove that every connected attractor of an IFS is $(1/s)$-Hölder path-connected, where $s$ is the similarity dimension of the IFS. Then we show that every connected attractor of an IFS is parameterized by a $(1/α)$-Hölder curve for all $α>s$. At the endpoint, $α=s$, a theorem of Remes from 1998 already established that connected self-similar sets in Euclidean space that satisfy the open set condition are parameterized by $(1/s)$-Hölder curves. In a secondary result, we show how to promote Remes' theorem to self-similar sets in complete metric spaces, but in this setting require the attractor to have positive $s$-dimensional Hausdorff measure in lieu of the open set condition. To close the paper, we determine sharp Hölder exponents of parameterizations in the class of connected self-affine Bedford-McMullen carpets and build parameterizations of self-affine sponges. An interesting phenomenon emerges in the self-affine setting. While the optimal parameter $s$ for a self-similar curve in $\mathbb{R}^n$ is always at most the ambient dimension $n$, the optimal parameter $s$ for a self-affine curve in $\mathbb{R}^n$ may be strictly greater than $n$.

math.MG↗

arXiv2020

On uniformly disconnected Julia sets

It is well-known that the Julia set of a hyperbolic rational map is quasisymmetrically equivalent to the standard Cantor set. Using the uniformization theorem of David and Semmes, this result comes down to the fact that such a Julia set is both uniformly perfect and uniformly disconnected. We study the analogous question for Julia sets of UQR maps in $\mathbb{S}^n$, for $n\geq 2$. Introducing hyperbolic UQR maps, we show that the Julia set of such a map is uniformly disconnected if it is totally disconnected. Moreover, we show that if $E$ is a compact, uniformly perfect and uniformly disconnected set in $\mathbb{S}^n$, then it is the Julia set of a hyperbolic UQR map $f:\mathbb{S}^N \to \mathbb{S}^N$ where $N=n$ if $n=2$ and $N=n+1$ otherwise.

math.DS↗

arXiv2019

Hölder curves and parameterizations in the Analyst's Traveling Salesman theorem

We investigate the geometry of sets in Euclidean and infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. We establish sufficient conditions that ensure a set of points is contained in the image of a $(1/s)$-Hölder continuous map $f:[0,1]\rightarrow l^2$, with $s>1$. Our results are motivated by and generalize the "sufficient half" of the Analyst's Traveling Salesman Theorem, which characterizes subsets of rectifiable curves in $\mathbb{R}^N$ or $l^2$ in terms of a quadratic sum of linear approximation numbers called Jones' beta numbers. The original proof of the Analyst's Traveling Salesman Theorem depends on a well-known metric characterization of rectifiable curves from the 1920s, which is not available for higher-dimensional curves such as Hölder curves. To overcome this obstacle, we reimagine Jones' non-parametric proof and show how to construct parameterizations of the intermediate approximating curves $f_k([0,1])$. We then find conditions in terms of tube approximations that ensure the approximating curves converge to a Hölder curve. As an application, we provide sufficient conditions that guarantee fractional rectifiability of pointwise doubling measures in $\mathbb{R}^N$.

math.CA↗