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W. Grimus

Publications and source records attributed to W. Grimus.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

Neutrino survival probabilities in magnetic fields

We show that, for Majorana neutrinos propagating in a constant magnetic field, the flavour survival probabilities for left-handed neutrinos is the same as for right-handed neutrinos, i.e., $P^M (ν_{αL}\toν_{αL}) = P^M (ν_{αR}\toν_{αR})$, where $α= e, μ, τ$, whereas in the Dirac case the corresponding probabilities $P^D (ν_{αL}\toν_{αL})$ and $P^D (\barν_{αR}\to\barν_{αR})$ are in general different. This might lead to a novel way to search for the nature of neutrinos. We also discuss how this relation for Majorana neutrinos gets modified when the magnetic field is not constant. However, if matter effects become important the relation does not hold anymore.

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Is it possible to determine the S-factor of the hep process from a laboratory experiment?

We discuss the problem of solar hep neutrinos originating from the reaction p + 3He -> 4He + e+ + nu and obtain a relation between the astrophysical S-factor of the hep process and the cross section of the process e- + 4He -> 3H + n + nu near threshold. The relation is based on the isotopic invariance of strong interactions. The measurement of the latter cross section would allow to obtain experimental information on S(hep), the value of which, at the moment, is known only from theoretical calculations.

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3-Neutrino Mass Spectrum from Combining Seesaw and Radiative Neutrino Mass Mechanisms

We extend the Standard Model by adding a second Higgs doublet and a right-handed neutrino singlet with a heavy Majorana mass term. In this model, there are one heavy and three light Majorana neutrinos with a mass hierarchy m_3 >> m_2 >> m_1 such that that only m_3 is non-zero at the tree level and light because of the seesaw mechanism, m_2 is generated at the one-loop and m_1 at the two-loop level. We show that the atmospheric neutrino oscillations and large mixing MSW solar neutrino transitions with $Δm^2_\mathrm{atm} \simeq m_3^2$ and $Δm^2_\mathrm{solar} \simeq m_2^2$, respectively, are naturally accommodated in this model without employing any symmetry.

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Two-Particle Correlations and Meson-Antimeson Mixing Effects

We discuss 2-particle correlations which arise in the time evolution of C-odd and C-even meson--antimeson states of flavoured neutral mesons. In order to keep our discussion general, we do not use the Weisskopf -- Wigner approximation. Possible deviations from quantum-mechanical coherence effects are parameterized by a so-called decoherence parameter $ζ$. In particular, we study the $ζ$-dependence of the asymmetry of unlike and like-flavoured events which was recently observed experimentally in the $K^0 \bar{K}^0$ system. In this $ζ$-dependence, we point out some important general features which do not rely on the Weisskopf -- Wigner approximation. Some other related results are derived more generally than in the literature.

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Phenomenology of Neutrino Masses and Mixing

We discuss all possible schemes with four massive neutrinos inspired by the existing experimental indications in favour of neutrino mixing, namely the atmospheric, solar and LSND neutrino experiments. We argue that the scheme with a neutrino mass hierarchy is not compatible with the experimental results, likewise all other schemes with the masses of three neutrinos close together and the fourth mass separated by a gap needed to incorporate the LSND neutrino oscillation result. Only two schemes with two pairs of neutrinos with nearly degenerate masses separated by this gap of the order of 1 eV are in agreement with the results of all experiments, including those where no indications for neutrino oscillations have been found. We also point out the possible effect of big-bang nucleosynthesis on the 4-neutrino mixing matrix and its consequences for neutrino oscillations. Finally, we study predictions for neutrino oscillation experiments and $^3$H and $(ββ)_{0ν}$ decays, following from the two favoured neutrino mass spectra and mixing schemes. These predictions can be conceived as checks of the input used for arriving at the two favoured schemes.

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Field-Theoretical Treatment of Neutrino Oscillations: The Strength of the Canonical Oscillation Formula

We discuss conceptual aspects of neutrino oscillations with the main emphasis on the field-theoretical approach. This approach includes the neutrino source and detector processes and allows to obtain the neutrino transition or survival probabilities as cross sections derived from the Feynman diagram of the combined source - detection process. In this context, the neutrinos which are supposed to oscillate appear as propagators of the neutrino mass eigenfields, connecting the source and detection processes. We consider also the question why the canonical neutrino oscillation formula is so robust against corrections and discuss the nature of the oscillating neutrino state emerging in the field-theoretical approach.

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Constraints from Neutrino Oscillation Experiments on the Effective Majorana Mass in Neutrinoless Double $β$-Decay

We determine the possible values of the effective Majorana neutrino mass $|< m > |= |\sum_j U_{ej}^2 m_j|$ in the different phenomenologically viable three and four-neutrino scenarios. The quantities $U_{αj}$ ($α= e,μ,τ,...$) denote the elements of the neutrino mixing matrix and the Majorana neutrino masses $m_j$ ($j=1,2,3,...$) are ordered as $m_1 < m_2 < ... $ Assuming $m_1 \ll m_3$ in the three-neutrino case and $m_1 \ll m_4$ in the four-neutrino case, we discuss, in particular, how constraints on $| < m > |$ depend on the mixing angle relevant in solar neutrino oscillations and on the three mass-squared differences obtained from the analyses of the solar, atmospheric and LSND data. If neutrinoless double $β$-decay proceeds via the mechanism involving $|< m >|$, conclusions about neutrinoless double $β$-decay can be drawn. If one of the two viable four-neutrino schemes (Scheme A) is realized in nature, $|< m >|$ can be as large as 1 eV and neutrinoless double $β$-decay could possibly be discovered in the near future. In this case a Majorana CP phase of the mixing matrix $U$ could be determined. In the other four-neutrino scheme (Scheme B) there is an upper bound on $|< m >|$ of the order of $10^{-2}$ eV. In the case of three-neutrino mixing the same is true if the neutrino mass spectrum is hierarchical, however, if there exist two quasi-degenerate neutrinos and the first neutrino has a much smaller mass, values of $|< m >|$ as large as $\sim 0.1$ eV are possible.

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Phenomenology of Neutrino Oscillations

This review is focused on neutrino mixing and neutrino oscillations in the light of the recent experimental developments. After discussing possible types of neutrino mixing for Dirac and Majorana neutrinos and considering in detail the phenomenology of neutrino oscillations in vacuum and matter, we review all existing evidence and indications in favour of neutrino oscillations that have been obtained in the atmospheric, solar and LSND experiments. We present the results of the analyses of the neutrino oscillation data in the framework of mixing of three and four massive neutrinos and investigate possibilities to test the different neutrino mass and mixing schemes obtained in this way. We also discuss briefly future neutrino oscillation experiments.

hep-ph↗

A 4-neutrino model with a Higgs triplet

We take as a starting point the Gelmini -- Roncadelli model enlarged by a term with explicit lepton number violation in the Higgs potential and add a neutrino singlet field coupled via a scalar doublet to the usual leptons. This scenario allows us to take into account all three present indications in favour of neutrino oscillations provided by the solar, atmospheric and LSND neutrino oscillation experiments. Furthermore, it suggests a model which reproduces naturally one of the two 4-neutrino mass spectra favoured by the data. In this model the solar neutrino problem is solved by large mixing MSW ν_e\toν_τtransitions and the atmospheric neutrino problem by transitions of ν_μinto a sterile neutrino.

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Field-theoretical treatment of neutrino oscillations

We discuss the field-theoretical approach to neutrino oscillations. This approach includes the neutrino source and detector processes and allows to obtain the neutrino transition or survival probabilities as cross sections derived from the Feynman diagram of the combined source -- detection process. In this context, the neutrinos which are supposed to oscillate appear as propagators of the neutrino mass eigenfields, connecting the source and detection processes.

hep-ph↗

Four-neutrino spectrum from oscillation data

It is shown that the Super-Kamiokande atmospheric up--down asymmetry, together with the results of all other neutrino oscillation experiments, allows to constraint the possible spectra of four massive neutrinos. The two schemes with two pairs of neutrinos with close masses separated by a gap of about 1 eV are favored by the data.

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Four-Neutrino Mass Spectra and the Super-Kamiokande Atmospheric Up-Down Asymmetry

In the framework of schemes with mixing of four massive neutrinos, which can accommodate the atmospheric, solar and LSND ranges of Delta m^2, we show that, in the whole region of Delta m^2_{LSND} allowed by LSND, the Super-Kamiokande up-down asymmetry excludes all mass spectra with a group of three close neutrino masses separated from the fourth mass by the LSND gap of order 1 eV. Only two schemes with mass spectra in which two pairs of close masses are separated by the LSND gap can describe the Super-Kamiokande up-down asymmetry and all other existing neutrino oscillation data.

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Quantum mechanics, Furry's hypothesis and a measure of decoherence in the K^0 \bar{K}^0 system

We consider strangeness correlations of the EPR type in K^0 \bar{K}^0 pairs created in a J^{PC} = 1^{--} state as a function of time under the hypothesis that spontaneous decoherence takes place. We parameterize the degree of decoherence by a factor (1-ζ) which multiplies the quantum-mechanical interference terms occurring in the amplitudes for like and unlike strangeness events and discuss the dependence of this procedure on the basis chosen in the K^0--\bar{K}^0 space to which the interference terms correspond. Consequently, all statements about the ``decoherence parameter'' ζinferred from experimental data are basis-dependent as well. We illustrate this point by estimating the value of ζfor the two bases {K_L, K_S} and {K^0, \bar{K}^0} with the help of recent data of the CPLEAR experiment.

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Neutrino mass spectrum and mixing from neutrino oscillation data

Two schemes of mixing of four massive neutrinos with two close neutrino masses separated by a gap of Delta m^2 about 1 eV^2 can accommodate solar, atmospheric and LSND neutrino oscillation data. It is shown that long-baseline nu(e)->nu(x) and nu(mu)->nu(e) transitions are strongly suppressed in these schemes. The scheme of mixing of three massive neutrinos with a mass hierarchy that can describe solar and atmospheric data is also discussed. It is shown that in this scheme the effective Majorana mass that characterizes the matrix element of neutrinoless double-beta decay is smaller than about 10^{-2} eV.

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Four-neutrino mixing, oscillations and BBN

We investigate the implications for neutrino mixing implied by the results of all neutrino oscillation experiments and by the standard Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis constraint on the number of light neutrinos.

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On the neutrino mass spectrum and neutrino mixing from oscillation data

Two schemes of mixing of four massive neutrinos with two couples of close neutrino masses separated by a gap of the order of 1 eV can accommodate solar, atmospheric and LSND neutrino oscillation data. It is shown that long-baseline nu(e)->nu(e) and nu(mu)->nu(e) transitions are strongly suppressed in these schemes. The scheme of mixing of three neutrino masses with a mass hierarchy that can describe solar and atmospheric neutrino data is also discussed. It is shown that in this scheme the effective Majorana mass | | that characterizes the matrix element of neutrinoless double-beta decay is less than 10^{-2} eV.

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The field-theoretical approach to coherence in neutrino oscillations

We study the conditions for the existence of neutrino oscillations in the field-theoretical approach which combines neutrino production and detection processes in a single Feynman graph. The ``oscillating neutrino'' is represented by an inner line of this graph where, due to the macroscopic distance L between source and detector, the neutrino propagators for neutrinos with definite mass are replaced by the projection operators unto the neutrino states on mass shell. We use as a concrete model reaction the neutrino source and detector as given in the LSND experiment and we carefully take into account the finite lifetime of the stopped muons which provide the anti-muon neutrino beam. We show that the field-theoretical approach provides a solid method to locate all possible conditions and allows to separate unambiguously their different origins. Some of these conditions are independent of L whereas others state that coherence is lost when L exceeds a certain ``coherence length''. Also it turns out that, at least in the concrete situation considered here, the concept of neutrino wave packets is not supported by the field-theoretical approach for realistic experimental conditions, i.e., the neutrino energy spread is incoherent in origin.

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