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Wai-Yee Keung

Publications and source records attributed to Wai-Yee Keung.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

When CoGeNT met PAMELA

If the excess events from the CoGeNT experiment arise from elastic scatterings of a light dark matter off the nuclei, crossing symmetry implies non-vanishing annihilation cross-sections of the light dark matter into hadronic final states inside the galactic halo, which we confront with the anti-proton spectrum measured by the PAMELA collaboration. We consider two types of effective interactions between the dark matter and the quarks: 1) contact interactions from integrating out heavy particles and 2) long-range interactions due to the electromagnetic properties of the dark matter. The lack of excess in the anti-proton spectrum results in tensions for a scalar and, to a less extent, a vector dark matter interacting with the quarks through the Higgs portal.

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Electromagnetic properties of dark matter: dipole moments and charge form factor

A neutral dark matter particle may possess an electric dipole moment (EDM) or a magnetic dipole moment (MDM), so that its scattering with nuclei is governed by electromagnetic interactions. If the moments are associated with relevant operators of dimension-5, they may be detectable in direct search experiments. We calculate complete expressions of the scattering cross sections and the recoil energy spectra for dark matter with these attributes. We also provide useful formulae pertinent to dark matter that interacts via an electric charge form factor (CFF) which is related to the charge radius defined by an effective dimension-6 operator. We show that a 7 GeV dark matter particle with an EDM, MDM or CFF easily reproduces the CoGeNT excess while remaining consistent with null searches.

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Triple-Top Signal of New Physics at the LHC

We present leading-order (LO) cross sections for the production of three top quarks ($tt\tb$,$t\tb\tb$) at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We find a total LO cross section for triple-top production in the Standard Model of $σ\approx 2 $ fb at $\sqrt{s}=14$ TeV and we give examples of two new physics models which have a significant enhancement to this channel. In the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), there are regions of parameter space where the decays of gluino pairs into final states including three tops has a cross section $σ\approx 41$ fb. In a leptophobic $Z'$ model featuring right-handed couplings of the $u$-quark to the top, we find $σ\approx 28$ fb. With efficient identification and reconstruction of the top quarks, the triple-top signal could potentially provide evidence for new physics at the LHC.

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Asymmetric Left-Right Model and the Top Pair Forward-Backward Asymmetry

The forward-backward asymmetry measurement in top-pair production at the Tevatron is about $2σ$ from the Standard Model prediction. We propose an asymmetric left-right model, which includes a $W'$ boson with a right-handed coupling of down to top quark, and a $Z'$ boson with diagonal couplings to the up, top, and down quarks with $M_{W'}\approx175$ GeV and $M_{Z'}\approx 900$ GeV. The model accounts for the asymmetry while remaining consistent with the top-pair total cross-section and invariant mass distribution.

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The Higgs Mechanism and Loop-induced Decays of a Scalar into Two Z Bosons

We discuss general on-shell couplings of a scalar with two Z bosons using an operator analysis. In addition to the operator originated from the Higgs mechanism, two dimension-five operators, one CP-even and one CP-odd, are generated only at the loop-level. Simple formulas are derived for the differential decay distributions when the Z pair subsequently decay into four leptons by computing the helicity amplitudes, from which it is shown the CP-odd operator merely induces a phase shift in the azimuthal angular distribution between the two decay planes of the Z bosons. We also investigate new physics scenarios giving rise to loop-induced decays of a scalar into ZZ pair, and argue that the total decay width of such a scalar would be order-of-magnitude smaller than that of a Higgs boson, should such decays be observed in the early running of the LHC. Therefore, the total decay width alone is a strong indicator of the Higgs nature, or the lack thereof, of a scalar resonance in ZZ final states. In addition, we study the possibility of using the azimuthal angular distribution to disentangle effects among all three operators.

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Top Quark Forward-Backward Asymmetry

The recent forward-backward asymmetry recorded by the CDF Collaboration for the top and anti-top quark pair production indicates more than $2σ$ deviation from the Standard Model prediction, while its total production cross section remains consistent. We propose a $W'$ boson that couples to down and top quarks. We identify the parameter space that can give rise a large enough forward-backward asymmetry without producing too many top and anti-top quark pairs. Other models presented erstwhile in the literature that can produce such effects are also discussed.

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Electroweak and finite quark-mass effects on the Higgs boson transverse momentum distribution

We perform a detailed study of the various one-loop contributions leading to production of the Standard Model Higgs boson in association with a hard jet. This production mode contributes to the current Tevatron exclusion limit of the Standard Model Higgs with 160 GeV < M_H < 170 GeV, and will also be important for discovery and interpretation of new scalar bosons at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We include top- and bottom-quark initiated contributions, maintaining the exact dependence on the quark masses, and also study previously neglected W- and Z-boson mediated effects which shift the qg and q\bar{q} production modes. We consider the deviations from commonly used approximations for the Higgs boson transverse momentum spectrum caused by the finite top-quark mass, bottom quark contributions, and electroweak gauge boson terms. All three effects act to decrease the Higgs boson transverse momentum distribution for observable momenta, with shifts reaching -8% at the Tevatron and -30% at the LHC. The shifts have a significant dependence on the Higgs p_T, and are especially important if large momenta are selected by experimental cuts.

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Phenomenology of iQuarkonium

Phenomenology of uncolored iquarks - hypothetical fermions charged under a new confining unbroken non-abelian gauge group as well as the standard electroweak gauge group - is investigated for the iquark mass in the range near and above 100 GeV. If the new confining scale turns out to be higher than MeV but much less than the iquark mass, the iquark-antiiquark pair produced in the collider will promptly relaxed into the ground state of the iquarkonium. Subsequent pair annihilation into standard model particles gives useful information of the iquark dynamics. We formulate in details production and decays of the iquark-antiiquark bound states. Decay patterns of the iquarkonium can be distinguished from the superheavy quarkonium of a sequential fourth generation of quarks with degenerate mass.

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Landau-Yang Theorem and Decays of a Z' Boson into Two Z Bosons

We study the decay of a Z' boson into two Z bosons by extending the Landau-Yang theorem to a parent particle decaying into two Z bosons. For a spin-1 parent the theorem predicts: 1) there are only two possible couplings and 2) the normalized differential cross-section depends on kinematics only through a phase shift in the azimuthal angle between the two decay planes of the Z boson. When the parent is a Z' the two possible couplings are anomaly-induced and CP-violating, respectively. At the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) effects of the two couplings could be disentangled when both Z bosons decay leptonically.

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Unparticle Phenomenology -- A Mini Review

We review some collider phenomenology of unparticle physics, including real emissions and virtual exchanges of unparticle. Existing experimental constraints from collider physics as well as astrophysics are briefly discussed.

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Spin Dependence of Dark Matter Scattering

New experiments designed to discover a weakly interacting dark matter (DM) particle via spin dependent scattering can distinguish models of electroweak symmetry breaking. The plane of spin dependent versus spin independent DM scattering cross sections is a powerful model diagnostic. We detail representative predictions of mSUGRA, singlet extended SM and MSSM, a new Dirac neutrino, Littlest Higgs with T-parity (LHT) and Minimal Universal Extra Dimensions (mUED) models. Of these models, the nMSSM has the largest spin dependent (SD) cross section. It has a very light neutralino which would give lower energy nuclear recoils. The Focus Point region of mSUGRA, mUED and the right handed neutrino also predict a very large SD cross section and predict a large signal of high energy neutrinos in the IceCube experiment from annihilations of dark matter in the Sun. We also describe a model independent treatment of the scattering of DM particles of different intrinsic spins.

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Unparticle physics with broken scale invariance

If scale invariance is exact, unparticles are unlikely to be probed in colliders since there are stringent constraints from astrophysics and cosmology. However these constraints are inapplicable if scale invariance is broken at a scale mu >~ 1 GeV. The case 1 GeV <~ mu < M_Z is particularly interesting since it allows unparticles to be probed at and below the Z pole. We show that mu can naturally be in this range if only vector unparticles exist, and briefly remark on implications for Higgs phenomenology. We then obtain constraints on unparticle parameters from e+ e- -> mu+ mu- cross-section and forward-backward asymmetry data, and compare with the constraints from mono-photon production and the Z hadronic width.

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Decay of Z Boson into Photon and Unparticle

We study the decay of the standard model Z boson into unparticle plus a single photon through a one-loop process. As in the anomaly type decay, only the axial-vector part of the Z coupling matching with the vector unparticle and/or the vector part of the Z coupling matching with the axial-vector unparticle can give a nonzero contribution to the decay. We show that the photon spectrum terminates at the end point in accord with Yang's theorem. Existing data on single photon production at LEP I is used to constrain the unparticle sector.

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Electron Electric Dipole Moment induced by Octet-Colored Scalars

An appended sector of two octet-colored scalars, each an electroweak doublet, is an interesting extension of the simple two Higgs doublet model motivated by the minimal flavor violation. Their rich CP violating interaction gives rise to a sizable electron electric dipole moment, besides the quark electric dipole moment via the two-loop contribution of Barr-Zee mechanism.

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Monochromatic Neutrino Signals from Dark Matter Annihilation

Dark matter annihilations in the Sun to neutrino-antineutrino pairs have striking signatures in neutrino detectors such as IceCube and KM3. We make a model independent study of the signals after propagation of the neutrinos from the center of the Sun to the Earth. A large spin-dependent DM capture cross section in the Sun make the discovery prospects robust.

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High energy neutrinos from neutralino annihilations in the Sun

Neutralino annihilations in the Sun to weak boson and top quark pairs lead to high-energy neutrinos that can be detected by the IceCube and KM3 experiments in the search for neutralino dark matter. We calculate the neutrino signals from real and virtual WW, ZZ, Zh, and $t \bar t$ production and decays, accounting for the spin-dependences of the matrix elements, which can have important influences on the neutrino energy spectra. We take into account neutrino propagation including neutrino oscillations, matter-resonance, absorption, and nu_tau regeneration effects in the Sun and evaluate the neutrino flux at the Earth. We concentrate on the compelling Focus Point (FP) region of the supergravity model that reproduces the observed dark matter relic density. For the FP region, the lightest neutralino has a large bino-higgsino mixture that leads to a high neutrino flux and the spin-dependent neutralino capture rate in the Sun is enhanced by 10^3 over the spin-independent rate. For the standard estimate of neutralino captures, the muon signal rates in IceCube are identifiable over the atmospheric neutrino background for neutralino masses above M_Z up to 400 GeV.

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Collider signatures for unparticle

We summarize the works presented in Refs. \cite{1,2} on collider phenomenology of the unparticle physics associated with an exact scale invariant sector possessing a non-trivial infrared fixed point at a high energy scale. We give highlights on the motivations of unparticle and derivation of the phase space and the unparticle propagator. We study two categories of phenomenology: (i) real emission of unparticle that gives rise to peculiar missing energy signatures, and (ii) virtual exchange of unparticle that interferes with the standard model amplitudes.

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Bottomed Analog of Z+(4433)

The newly observed $Z^+ (4433)$ resonance by BELLE is believed to be a tetraquark bound state made up of $(cu)(\bar c \bar d)$. We propose the bottomed analog of this bound state, namely, by replacing one of the charm quarks by a bottom quark, thus forming $Z_{bc}^{0, \pm, \pm\pm}$. One of the $Z_{bc}$ is doubly charged. The predicted mass of $Z_{bc}$ is around 7.6 GeV. This doubly-charged bound state can be detected by its decay into $B_c^\pm π^\pm$. Similarly, we can also replace both charm quark and antiquark of the $Z^+ (4433)$ by bottom quark and antiquark, respectively, thus forming $Z_{bb}$ the bottomonium analog of $Z^+ (4433)$. The predicted mass of $Z_{bb}$ is about 10.7 GeV.

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