arXiv subjects

Wei Xiang

Publications and source records attributed to Wei Xiang.

142 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

arXiv2017

Two-dimensional steady supersonic exothermically reacting Euler flows with strong contact discontinuity over Lipschitz wall

In this paper, we established the global existence of supersonic entropy solutions with a strong contact discontinuity over Lipschitz wall governed by the two-dimensional steady exothermically reacting Euler equations, when the total variation of both initial data and the slope of Lipschitz wall is sufficiently small. Local and global estimates are developed and a modified Glimm-type functional is carefully designed. Next the validation of the quasi-one-dimensional approximation in the domain bounded by the wall and the strong contact discontinuity is rigorous justified by proving that the difference between the average of weak solution and the solution of quasi-one-dimensional system can be bounded by the square of the total variation of both initial data and the slope of Lipschitz wall. The methods and techniques developed here is also helpful for other related problems.

math.AP↗

arXiv2017

Downlink Small-cell Base Station Cooperation Strategy in Fractal Small-cell Networks

Coordinated multipoint (CoMP) communications are considered for the fifth-generation (5G) small-cell networks as a tool to improve the high data rates and the cell-edge throughput. The average achievable rates of the small-cell base stations (SBS) cooperation strategies with distance and received signal power constraints are respectively derived for the fractal small-cell networks based on the anisotropic path loss model. Simulation results are presented to show that the average achievable rate with the received signal power constraint is larger than the rate with a distance constraint considering the same number of cooperative SBSs. The average achievable rate with distance constraint decreases with the increase of the intensity of SBSs when the anisotropic path loss model is considered. What's more, the network energy efficiency of fractal smallcell networks adopting the SBS cooperation strategy with the received signal power constraint is analyzed. The network energy efficiency decreases with the increase of the intensity of SBSs which indicates a challenge on the deployment design for fractal small-cell networks.

cs.NI↗

arXiv2016

Internet of Things Cloud: Architecture and Implementation

The Internet of Things (IoT), which enables common objects to be intelligent and interactive, is considered the next evolution of the Internet. Its pervasiveness and abilities to collect and analyze data which can be converted into information have motivated a plethora of IoT applications. For the successful deployment and management of these applications, cloud computing techniques are indispensable since they provide high computational capabilities as well as large storage capacity. This paper aims at providing insights about the architecture, implementation and performance of the IoT cloud. Several potential application scenarios of IoT cloud are studied, and an architecture is discussed regarding the functionality of each component. Moreover, the implementation details of the IoT cloud are presented along with the services that it offers. The main contributions of this paper lie in the combination of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) servers to offer IoT services in the architecture of the IoT cloud with various techniques to guarantee high performance. Finally, experimental results are given in order to demonstrate the service capabilities of the IoT cloud under certain conditions.

cs.NI↗

arXiv2016

Energy-Efficient Localization and Tracking of Mobile Devices in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are effective for locating and tracking people and objects in various industrial environments. Since energy consumption is critical to prolonging the lifespan of WSNs, we propose an energy-efficient LOcalization and Tracking} (eLOT) system, using low-cost and portable hardware to enable highly accurate tracking of targets. Various fingerprint-based approaches for localization and tracking are implemented in eLOT. In order to achieve high energy efficiency, a network-level scheme coordinating collision and interference is proposed. On the other hand, based on the location information, mobile devices in eLOT can quickly associate with the specific channel in a given area, while saving energy through avoiding unnecessary transmission. Finally, a platform based on TI CC2530 and the Linux operating system is built to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed scheme in terms of localization accuracy and energy efficiency.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2016

Joint Data Detection and Phase Noise Mitigation for Light Field Video Transmission in MIMO-OFDM Systems

Previous studies in the literature for video transmission over wireless communication systems focused on combating the effects of additive channel noise and fading channels without taking the impairments in the physical layer such as phase noise (PHN) into account. Oscillator phase noise impairs the performance of multi-input multi-output- orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems in providing high data rates for video applications and may lead to decoding failure. In this paper, we propose a light field (LF) video transmission system in wireless channels, and analyze joint data detection and phase mitigation in MIMO-OFDM systems for LF video transmission. The signal model and rate-distortion (RD) model for LF video transmission in the presence of multiple PHNs are discussed. Moreover, we propose an iterative algorithm based on the extended Kalman filter for joint data detection and PHN tracking. Numerical results show that the proposed detector can significantly improve the average bit-error rate (BER) and peak-to-noise ratio (PSNR) performance for LF video transmission compared to existing algorithms. Moreover, the BER and PSNR performance of the proposed system is closer to that of the ideal case of perfect PHN estimation. Finally, it is demonstrated that the proposed system model and algorithm are well suited for LF video transmission in wireless channels.

cs.MM↗

arXiv2016

Incompressible Limit of Solutions of Multidimensional Steady Compressible Euler Equations

A compactness framework is formulated for the incompressible limit of approximate solutions with weak uniform bounds with respect to the adiabatic exponent for the steady Euler equations for compressible fluids in any dimension. One of our main observations is that the compactness can be achieved by using only natural weak estimates for the mass conservation and the vorticity. Another observation is that the incompressibility of the limit for the homentropic Euler flow is directly from the continuity equation, while the incompresibility of the limit for the full Euler flow is from a combination of all the Euler equations. As direct applications of the compactness framework, we establish two incompressible limit theorems for multidimensional steady Euler flows through infinitely long nozzles, which lead to two new existence theorems for the corresponding problems for multidimensional steady incompressible Euler equations.

math.AP↗

arXiv2016

Improved N-continuous OFDM for 5G Wireless Communications

N-continuous orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (NC-OFDM) is a promising technique to obtain significant sidelobe suppression for baseband OFDM signals, in future 5G wireless communications. However, the precoder of NC-OFDM usually causes severe interference and high complexity. To reduce the interference and complexity, this paper proposes an improved time-domain N-continuous OFDM (TD-NC-OFDM) by shortening the smooth signal, which is linearly combined by rectangularly pulsed OFDM basis signals truncated by a smooth window. Furthermore, we obtain an asymptotic spectrum analysis of the TD-NC-OFDM signals by a closed-form expression, calculate its low complexity in OFDM transceiver, and derive a closed-form expression of the received signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). Simulation results show that the proposed low-interference TD-NC-OFDM can achieve similar suppression performance but introduce negligible bit error rate (BER) degradation and much lower computational complexity, compared to conventional NC-OFDM.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2016

A Class of Low-Interference N-Continuous OFDM Schemes

N-continuous orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (NC-OFDM) was demonstrated to provide significant sidelobe suppression for baseband OFDM signals. However, it will introduce severe interference to the transmit signals. Hence in this letter, we specifically design a class of low-interference NC-OFDM schemes for alleviating the introduced interference. Meanwhile, we also obtain an asymptotic spectrum analysis by a closed-form expression. It is shown that the proposed scheme is capable of reducing the interference to a negligible level, and hence to save the high complexity of signal recovery at the receiver, while maintaining similar sidelobe suppression performance compared to traditional NC-OFDM.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2015

Radio Resource Allocation in LTE-Advanced Cellular Networks with M2M Communications

Machine-to-machine (M2M) communications are expected to provide ubiquitous connectivity between machines without the need of human intervention. To support such a large number of autonomous devices, the M2M system architecture needs to be extremely power and spectrally efficient. This article thus briefly reviews the features of M2M services in the third generation (3G) long-term evolution and its advancement (LTE-Advanced) networks. Architectural enhancements are then presented for supporting M2M services in LTE-Advanced cellular networks. To increase spectral efficiency, the same spectrum is expected to be utilized for human-to-human (H2H) communications as well as M2M communications. We therefore present various radio resource allocation schemes and quantify their utility in LTE-Advanced cellular networks. System-level simulation results are provided to validate the performance effectiveness of M2M communications in LTE-Advanced cellular networks.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2015

Tuning and Optimizing the Finite Element Analysis with Elements of Large Nodal DOF on a Linux Cluster

The finite element analysis of high frequency vibrations of quartz crystal plates is a necessary process required in the design of quartz crystal resonators of precision types for applications in filters and sensors. The anisotropic materials and extremely high frequency in radiofrequency range of resonators determine that vibration frequency spectra are complicated with strong couplings of large number of different vibration modes representing deformations which do not appear in usual structural problems. For instance, the higher-order thickness-shear vibrations usually representing the sharp deformation of thin plates in the thickness direction, expecting the analysis is to be done with refined meshing schemes along the relatively small thickness and consequently the large plane area. To be able to represent the precise vibration mode shapes, a very large number of elements are needed in the finite element analysis with either the three-dimensional theory or the higher-order plate theory, although considerable reduction of numbers of degree-of-freedom (DOF) are expected for the two-dimensional analysis without scarifying the accuracy. In this paper, we reviewed the software architecture for the analysis and demonstrated the evaluation and tuning of parameters for the improvement of the analysis with problems of elements with a large number of DOF in each node, or a problem with unusually large bandwidth of the banded stiffness and mass matrices in comparison with conventional finite element formulation. Such a problem can be used as an example for the optimization and tuning of problems from multi-physics analysis which are increasingly important in applications with excessive large number of DOF and bandwidth in engineering.

physics.comp-ph↗

arXiv2014

Channel, Phase Noise, and Frequency Offset in OFDM Systems: Joint Estimation, Data Detection, and Hybrid Cramer-Rao Lower Bound

Oscillator phase noise (PHN) and carrier frequency offset (CFO) can adversely impact the performance of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems, since they can result in inter carrier interference and rotation of the signal constellation. In this paper, we propose an expectation conditional maximization (ECM) based algorithm for joint estimation of channel, PHN, and CFO in OFDM systems. We present the signal model for the estimation problem and derive the hybrid Cramer-Rao lower bound (HCRB) for the joint estimation problem. Next, we propose an iterative receiver based on an extended Kalman filter for joint data detection and PHN tracking. Numerical results show that, compared to existing algorithms, the performance of the proposed ECM-based estimator is closer to the derived HCRB and outperforms the existing estimation algorithms at moderate-to-high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In addition, the combined estimation algorithm and iterative receiver are more computationally efficient than existing algorithms and result in improved average uncoded and coded bit error rate (BER) performance.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2013

N-continuous OFDM: System Optimization and Performance Analysis

N-continuous orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (NC-OFDM) is a promising technique to achieve significant sidelobe suppression of baseband OFDM signals. However, the high complexity limits its application. Based on conventional NC-OFDM, in this paper, a new technique, called time-domain N-continuous OFDM (TD-NC-OFDM), is proposed to transfer the original frequency-domain processing to the time domain, by the linear combination of a novel basis set to smooth the consecutive OFDM symbols and their high-order derivatives. We prove that TD-NC-OFDM is an equivalent to conventional one while consuming much lower complexity. Furthermore, via the time-domain structure, a closed-form spectral expression of NC-OFDM signals is derived and a compact upper bound of sidelobe decaying is derived. This paper also investigates the impact of the TD-NC-OFDM technique on received signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and provides a closed-form analytical expression. Theoretical analyses and simulation results show that TD-NC-OFDM can prohibitively suppress the sidelobe with much lower complexity.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2013

Shock Diffraction by Convex Cornered Wedges for the Nonlinear Wave System

We are concerned with rigorous mathematical analysis of shock diffraction by two-dimensional convex cornered wedges in compressible fluid flow governed by the nonlinear wave system. This shock diffraction problem can be formulated as a boundary value problem for second-order nonlinear partial differential equations of mixed elliptic-hyperbolic type in an unbounded domain. It can be further reformulated as a free boundary problem for nonlinear degenerate elliptic equations of second order. We establish a first global theory of existence and regularity for this shock diffraction problem. In particular, we establish that the optimal regularity for the solution is $C^{0,1}$ across the degenerate sonic boundary. To achieve this, we develop several mathematical ideas and techniques, which are also useful for other related problems involving similar analytical difficulties.

math.AP↗

arXiv2012

Weakly Nonlinear Geometric Optics for Hyperbolic Systems of Conservation Laws

We present a new approach to analyze the validation of weakly nonlinear geometric optics for entropy solutions of nonlinear hyperbolic systems of conservation laws whose eigenvalues are allowed to have constant multiplicity and corresponding characteristic fields to be linearly degenerate. The approach is based on our careful construction of more accurate auxiliary approximation to weakly nonlinear geometric optics, the properties of wave front-tracking approximate solutions, the behavior of solutions to the approximate asymptotic equations, and the standard semigroup estimates. To illustrate this approach more clearly, we focus first on the Cauchy problem for the hyperbolic systems with compact support initial data of small bounded variation and establish that the $L^1-$estimate between the entropy solution and the geometric optics expansion function is bounded by $O(\varepsilon^2)$, {\it independent of} the time variable. This implies that the simpler geometric optics expansion functions can be employed to study the behavior of general entropy solutions to hyperbolic systems of conservation laws. Finally, we extend the results to the case with non-compact support initial data of bounded variation.

math.AP↗

arXiv2012

Selective Transfer Learning for Cross Domain Recommendation

Collaborative filtering (CF) aims to predict users' ratings on items according to historical user-item preference data. In many real-world applications, preference data are usually sparse, which would make models overfit and fail to give accurate predictions. Recently, several research works show that by transferring knowledge from some manually selected source domains, the data sparseness problem could be mitigated. However for most cases, parts of source domain data are not consistent with the observations in the target domain, which may misguide the target domain model building. In this paper, we propose a novel criterion based on empirical prediction error and its variance to better capture the consistency across domains in CF settings. Consequently, we embed this criterion into a boosting framework to perform selective knowledge transfer. Comparing to several state-of-the-art methods, we show that our proposed selective transfer learning framework can significantly improve the accuracy of rating prediction tasks on several real-world recommendation tasks.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2012

Global Steady Subsonic Flows through Infinitely Long Nozzles for the Full Euler Equations

We are concerned with global steady subsonic flows through general infinitely long nozzles for the full Euler equations. The problem is formulated as a boundary value problem in the unbounded domain for a nonlinear elliptic equation of second order in terms of the stream function. It is established that, when the oscillation of the entropy and Bernoulli functions at the upstream is sufficiently small in $C^{1,1}$ and the mass flux is in a suitable regime, there exists a unique global subsonic solution in a suitable class of general nozzles. The assumptions are required to prevent from the occurrence of supersonic bubbles inside the nozzles. The asymptotic behavior of subsonic flows at the downstream and upstream, as well as the critical mass flux, have been clarified.

math.AP↗