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Wei Zhou

Publications and source records attributed to Wei Zhou.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources

Integrated Digital Inverters Based on Two-dimensional Anisotropic ReS2 Field-effect Transistors

Semiconducting two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are emerging as top candidates for post-silicon electronics. While most of 2D TMDs exhibit isotropic behavior, lowering the lattice symmetry could induce anisotropic properties, which are both scientifically interesting and potentially useful. Here, we present atomically thin rhenium disulfide (ReS2) flakes with a unique distorted 1T structure, which exhibit in-plane anisotropic properties. We fabricated mono- and few-layer ReS2 field effect transistors (FETs), which exhibit competitive performance with large current on/off ratios (~107) and low subthreshold swings (100 mV dec-1). The observed anisotropic ratio along two principle axes reaches 3.1, which is the highest among all known 2D semiconducting materials. Furthermore, we successfully demonstrated an integrated digital inverter with good performance by utilizing two ReS2 anisotropic FETs, suggesting the promising implementation of large-scale 2D logic circuits. Our results underscore the unique properties of 2D semiconducting materials with low crystal symmetry for future electronic applications.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

Highly tunable ultra-narrow-resonances with optical nano-antenna phased arrays in the infrared

We report our recent development in pursuing high Quality-Factor (high-Q factor) plasmonic resonances, with vertically aligned two dimensional (2-D) periodic nanorod arrays. The 2-D vertically aligned nano-antenna array can have high-Q resonances varying arbitrarily from near infrared to terahertz regime, as the antenna resonances of the nanorod are highly tunable through material properties, the length of the nanorod, and the orthogonal polarization direction with respect to the lattice surface,. The high-Q in combination with the small optical mode volume gives a very high Purcell factor, which could potentially be applied to various enhanced nonlinear photonics or optoelectronic devices. The 'hot spots' around the nanorods can be easily harvested as no index-matching is necessary. The resonances maintain their high-Q factor with the change of the environmental refractive index, which is of great interest for molecular sensing.

physics.optics↗

Fast and deterministic computation of the determinant of a polynomial matrix

Given a square, nonsingular matrix of univariate polynomials $\mathbf{F}\in\mathbb{K}[x]^{n\times n}$ over a field $\mathbb{K}$, we give a deterministic algorithm for finding the determinant of $\mathbf{F}$. The complexity of the algorithm is $\bigO \left(n^ωs\right)$ field operations where $s$ is the average column degree or the average row degree of $\mathbf{F}$. Here $\bigO$ notation is Big-$O$ with log factors omitted and $ω$ is the exponent of matrix multiplication.

cs.SC↗

Bulk Superconductivity in Fe1+yTe0.6Se0.4 Induced by Removal of Excess Fe

Experimental evidences from transport, magnetic, and magneto-optical (MO) image measurements confirmed that arsenic (As) vapor annealing was another effective way to induce bulk superconductivity with isotropic, large, and homogenous superconducting critical current density (Jc) in Fe1+yTe0.6Se0.4 single crystal. Since As is an exotic and easily detectable heavy element to Fe1+yTe0.6Se0.4 single crystal, As vapor annealing is very advantageous for the study of annealing mechanism. Detailed micro-structural and elemental analyses exclude the possibility that intercalating or doping effect may happen in the other post-annealing methods, proving that Fe reacts with As on the surface of the crystal and the reaction itself acts as a driving force to drag excess Fe out. The removal of excess Fe results in the good superconductivity performance.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

Anisotropic Superconductivity of Ca1-xLaxFeAs2 (x ~ 0.18) Single Crystal

Anisotropic superconducting properties including the upper critical field Hc2, thermal activation energy U0, and critical current density Jc are systematically studied in a large Ca1-xLaxFeAs2 single crystal (x ~ 0.18). The obtained Hc2 bears a moderate anisotropy gamma of approximately 2-4.2, located between those of '122' Ba1-xKxFe2As2 (1 < gamma < 2) and '1111' NdFeAsO1-xFx (5 < gamma < 9.2). Both the magnitude of U0 and its field dependence are very similar to those of NdFeAsO1-xFx, also indicating anisotropic superconductivity. Moreover, high and anisotropic Jc's exceeding 10^5 A/cm2 have been calculated from the magnetization hysteresis loops, indicating the existence of strong bulk-dominated pinning in the present superconducting material.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

Interior regularity of fully nonlinear degenerate elliptic equations, I: Bellman equations with constant coefficients

This is the first of a series of papers on the interior regularity of fully nonlinear degenerate elliptic equations. We consider a stochastic optimal control problem in which the diffusion coefficients, drift coefficients and discount factor are independent of the spacial variables. Under suitable assumptions, for $k=0,1$, when the terminal and running payoffs are globally $C^{k,1}$, we obtain the $C^{k,1}$-smoothness of the value function, which yields the existence and uniqueness of the solution to the associated Dirichlet problem for the degenerate Bellman equation.

math.AP↗

Interior regularity of fully nonlinear degenerate elliptic equations, II: real and complex Monge-Ampère equations

We first obtain the interior $C^{1,1}$-regularity and solvability for the degenerate real Monge-Ampère equation in a bounded, $C^3$-smooth and strictly convex domain in $\mathbb R^d$ ($d\ge2$), assuming that the boundary data is only globally $C^{1,1}$, and the $d$-th root of the nonnegative right-hand side is globally $C^{0,1}$ and convex after adding $K|x|^2$ for some constant $K$. Then we establish the interior $C^{1,1}$-regularity and solvability for the degenerate complex Monge-Ampère equation in a bounded, $C^3$-smooth and strictly pseudoconvex domain in $\mathbb C^d$, under the global $C^{1,1}$-regularity assumption on the boundary data and the $d$-th root of the nonnegative right-hand side. Since the derivatives may blow up along non-tangent directions at the boundary under our regularity assumptions on the boundary data, we also estimate the derivatives up to second order in both problems. Our technique is probabilistic by following Krylov's approach. The result in the real case extends N. Trudinger and J. Urbas's interior $C^{1,1}$-regularity result for the homogeneous case [N. Trudinger and J. Urbas, Bull. Austral. Math. Soc., 30(3): 321~334, 1984.] in the sense of considering the nonnegative right-hand side. The result in the complex case generalizes E. Bedford and B. A. Taylor's interior $C^{1,1}$-regularity result in a ball [E. Bedford and B. A. Taylor, Invent. Math., 37(1): 1~44, 1976.] by allowing the domain be any bounded, sufficiently smooth and strictly pseudoconvex one.

math.AP↗

Representation and regularity for the Dirichlet problem for real and complex degenerate Hessian equations

We consider the Dirichlet problem for positively homogeneous, degenerate elliptic, concave (or convex) Hessian equations. Under natural and necessary conditions on the geometry of the domain, with the $C^{1,1}$ boundary data, we establish the interior $C^{1,1}$-regularity of the unique (admissible) solution, which is optimal even if the boundary data is smooth. Both real and complex cases are studied by the unified (Bellman equation) approach.

math.AP↗

On representation and regularity of viscosity solutions to degenerate Isaacs equations and certain nonconvex Hessian equations

We study the smoothness of the upper and lower value functions of stochastic differential games in the framework of time-homogeneous (possibly degenerate) diffusion processes in a domain, under the assumption that the diffusion, drift and discount coefficients are all independent of the spatial variables. Under suitable conditions (see Assumptions 2.1 and 2.2), we obtain the optimal local Lipschitz continuity of the value functions, provided that the running and terminal payoffs are globally Lipschitz. As applications, we obtain the stochastic representation and optimal interior $C^{0,1}$-regularity of the unique viscosity solution to the Dirichlet problem for certain degenerate elliptic, nonconvex Hessian equations in suitable domains, with Lipschitz boundary data.

math.AP↗

Quasiderivative method for derivative estimates of solutions to degenerate elliptic equations

We give an example of quasiderivatives constructed by random time change, Girsanov's Theorem and Levy's Theorem. As an application, we investigate the smoothness and estimate the derivatives up to second order for the probabilistic solution to the Dirichlet problem for the linear degenerate elliptic partial differential equation of second order, under the assumption of non-degeneracy with respect to the normal to the boundary and an interior condition to control the moments of quasiderivatives, which is weaker than non-degeneracy.

math.PR↗

A probabilistic approach to interior regularity of fully nonlinear degenerate elliptic equations in smooth domains

We consider the value function of a stochastic optimal control of degenerate diffusion processes in a domain $D$. We study the smoothness of the value function, under the assumption of the non-degeneracy of the diffusion term along the normal to the boundary and an interior condition weaker than the non-degeneracy of the diffusion term. When the diffusion term, drift term, discount factor, running payoff and terminal payoff are all in the class of $C^{1,1}(\bar D)$, the value function turns out to be the unique solution in the class of $C_{loc}^{1,1}(D)\cap C^{0,1}(\bar D)$ to the associated degenerate Bellman equation with Dirichlet boundary data. Our approach is probabilistic.

math.PR↗

LogMaster: Mining Event Correlations in Logs of Large scale Cluster Systems

This paper presents a methodology and a system, named LogMaster, for mining correlations of events that have multiple attributions, i.e., node ID, application ID, event type, and event severity, in logs of large-scale cluster systems. Different from traditional transactional data, e.g., supermarket purchases, system logs have their unique characteristic, and hence we propose several innovative approaches to mine their correlations. We present a simple metrics to measure correlations of events that may happen interleavedly. On the basis of the measurement of correlations, we propose two approaches to mine event correlations; meanwhile, we propose an innovative abstraction: event correlation graphs (ECGs) to represent event correlations, and present an ECGs based algorithm for predicting events. For two system logs of a production Hadoop-based cloud computing system at Research Institution of China Mobile and a production HPC cluster system at Los Alamos National Lab (LANL), we evaluate our approaches in three scenarios: (a) predicting all events on the basis of both failure and non-failure events; (b) predicting only failure events on the basis of both failure and non-failure events; (c) predicting failure events after removing non-failure events.

cs.DC↗

Development of Knife-Edge Ridges on Ion-Bombarded Surfaces

We demonstrate in both laboratory and numerical experiments that ion bombardment of a modestly sloped surface can create knife-edge like ridges with extremely high slopes. Small pre-fabricated pits expand under ion bombardment, and the collision of two such pits creates knife-edge ridges. Both laboratory and numerical experiments show that the pit propagation speed and the precise shape of the knife edge ridges are universal, independent of initial conditions, as has been predicted theoretically. These observations suggest a novel method of fabrication in which a surface is pre-patterned so that it dynamically evolves to a desired target pattern made of knife-edge ridges.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

Phoenix Cloud: Consolidating Different Computing Loads on Shared Cluster System for Large Organization

Different departments of a large organization often run dedicated cluster systems for different computing loads, like HPC (high performance computing) jobs or Web service applications. In this paper, we have designed and implemented a cloud management system software Phoenix Cloud to consolidate heterogeneous workloads from different departments affiliated to the same organization on the shared cluster system. We have also proposed cooperative resource provisioning and management policies for a large organization and its affiliated departments, running HPC jobs and Web service applications, to share the consolidated cluster system. The experiments show that in comparison with the case that each department operates its dedicated cluster system, Phoenix Cloud significantly decreases the scale of the required cluster system for a large organization, improves the benefit of the scientific computing department, and at the same time provisions enough resources to the other department running Web services with varying loads.

cs.DC↗

Scalable Group Management in Large-Scale Virtualized Clusters

To save cost, recently more and more users choose to provision virtual machine resources in cluster systems, especially in data centres. Maintaining a consistent member view is the foundation of reliable cluster managements, and it also raises several challenge issues for large scale cluster systems deployed with virtual machines (which we call virtualized clusters). In this paper, we introduce our experiences in design and implementation of scalable member view management on large-scale virtual clusters. Our research contributions are three-fold: 1) we propose a scalable and reliable management infrastructure that combines a peer-to-peer structure and a hierarchy structure to maintain a consistent member view in virtual clusters; 2) we present a light-weighted group membership algorithm that can reach the consistent member view within a single round of message exchange; and 3) we design and implement a scalable membership service that can provision virtual machines and maintain a consistent member view in virtual clusters. Our work is verified on Dawning 5000A, which ranked No.10 of Top 500 super computers in November, 2008.

cs.DC↗

The longitudinal polarization of hyperons in the forward region in polarized $pp$ collisions

We study the longitudinal polarization of hyperons and anti-hyperons at forward pseudorapidity, $2.5<η<4$, in singly polarized $pp$ collisions at RHIC energies by using different parameterizations of the polarized parton densities and different models for the polarized fragmentation functions. The results show that the $Σ^+$ polarization is able to distinguish different pictures on spin transfer in high energy fragmentation processes; and the polarization of $Λ$ and $\barΛ$ hyperons can provide sensitivity to the helicity distribution of strange sea quarks. The influence from beam remnant to hyperon polarization in the forward region is also discussed.

hep-ph↗

Surface magnetic states of Ni nanochains modified by using different organic surfactants

Three powder samples of Ni nanochains formed of polycrystalline Ni nanoparticles with an estimated diameter of about 30 nm have been synthesized by a wet chemical method using different organic surfactants. These samples, having magnetically/structurally core-shell structures, all with a ferromagnetic Ni core, are Ni@Ni3C nanochains, Ni@NiSG nanochains with a spin glass (SG) surface layer, and Ni@NiNM nanochains with a nonmagnetic (NM) surface layer. The average thickness of the shell for these three samples is determined as about 2 nm. Magnetic properties tailored by the different surface magnetism are studied. In particular, suppression in saturation magnetization usually observed with magnetic nanoparticles is revealed to arise from the surface magnetic states with the present samples.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

Terahertz wave emission from mesoscopic crystals of BSCCO

We study the Terahertz (THz) emission mechanism in BSCCO with an external magnetic field theoretically. The total power is proportional to the square of the number of layers and the frequency. Under the small size limitation, the angular distribution is similar to that in the dipole emission. The present theoretical results for THz power output are in the same order of magnitude as the experimental ones, in contrast with previous simulations. A series of size-dependent intrinsic frequencies are also observed. When the external frequency induced by the external current resonates with intrinsic ones, the distinct THz emission is observed.

cond-mat.supr-con↗