arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Wenjiao Yan.
We prove that the values set of \(S=|A|^2\) attained by closed embedded minimal hypersurfaces in \(\mathbb S^{n+1}(1)\) with constant \(S\) and constant \(f_3=\operatorname{tr}(A^3)\) is locally finite, where \(A\) denotes the shape operator. Neither the topology of the hypersurface nor the value of \(f_3\) is fixed.
The celebrated Chern conjecture asserts that any closed minimal hypersurface in $\mathbb{S}^{n+1}$ with constant scalar curvature is isoparametric. In this paper, we resolve this conjecture in the affirmative for $M^4 \subset \mathbb S^5$ under the assumption that the Gauss-Kronecker curvature $K$ is constant. This result breaks the traditional reliance on consecutive trace conditions, demonstrating that the nonconsecutive spectral invariant set $\{H, S, K\}$ is sufficient to yield complete geometric rigidity. To overcome the analytical singular locus, we construct two novel weighted $3$-forms adapted to $S$ and $K$. Crucially, the global curvature estimates required to close our analysis are obtained unconditionally by proving the Euler characteristic $χ(M)=0$. This local-to-global approach provides a new paradigm for higher-dimensional rigidity problems.
We prove that the angle function associated with the canonical product structure is constant for an isoparametric hypersurface in $\mathbb{S}^{n}\times \mathbb{S}^{m}$, $\mathbb{S}^{n}\times \mathbb{H}^{m}$, or $\mathbb{H}^{n}\times \mathbb{H}^{m}$. This rigidity result enables us to provide a complete classification of isoparametric and homogeneous hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{S}^{n}\times \mathbb{S}^{m}$ and $\mathbb{S}^{n}\times \mathbb{H}^{m}$. Furthermore, we establish a geometric characterization in these two spaces: a hypersurface is isoparametric if and only if it has constant principal curvatures and a constant angle function.
We first show that every isoparametric hypersurface in $\mathbb{S}^{n}\times \mathbb{R}^{m}$ or $\mathbb{H}^{n}\times \mathbb{R}^{m}$ possesses a constant angle function with respect to the canonical product structure. Exploiting this rigidity, we achieve a complete classification of isoparametric and homogeneous hypersurfaces in these product spaces. Furthermore, we prove that an isoparametric hypersurface in $\mathbb{S}^{n}\times \mathbb{R}^{m}$ or $\mathbb{H}^{n}\times \mathbb{R}^{m}$ also has constant principal curvatures.
This paper investigates the isomorphisms between principal distributions $\mathcal{D}_k$ $(k=1,\dots 4)$ on OT--FKM type isoparametric hypersurfaces in spheres. We recover the isomorphism $\mathcal{D}_1 \cong \mathcal{D}_3$ established by Qian--Tang--Yan \cite{Q-T-Y 2}, and further construct the isomorphism $\mathcal{D}_{2}\cong\mathcal{D}_{4}$ in specific cases. More significantly, we provide an explicit construction of a global vector bundle isomorphism $\mathcal{D}_1 \oplus \mathcal{D}_2 \cong \mathcal{D}_3 \oplus \mathcal{D}_4$ for all odd multiplicities $m$. As applications, we employ these isomorphisms to induce nearly Kähler structures on certain OT--FKM hypersurfaces. Finally, we prove that the $*$-Ricci curvature vanishes for any OT--FKM hypersurface admitting an almost Hermitian structure that interchanges principal distributions in pairs.
There exists a complex structure $J$ on a connected open subset $S^3_δ\times S^3$ of $S^6$. The present paper proves that: (1) $J$ can be extended to a global almost complex structure $\widetilde{J}$ on $S^6$; (2) any extension to $S^6$ is necessarily non-integrable. Therefore, it is impossible to deform $\widetilde{J}$ to an integrable almost complex structure on $S^6$ while fixing it on $S^3_δ\times S^3$. This phenomenon indicates that the deformation strategy suggested by S.-T. Yau in his Problem 52 cannot be realized in this sense.
In this paper, we prove that for an $n$-dimensional closed minimal Willmore hypersurface $M^n$ with constant scalar curvature in the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^{n+1}$, the squared norm $S$ of the second fundamental form of $M^n$ satisfies $S\geqslant n+\frac{4n+9-\sqrt{4 n^{2}+60 n+81}}{2}$ if $S>n$. This proves, in the approximate sense, the Chern conjecture about the second gap ($S\geqslant 2n$ if $S>n$), which will be fully verified under a further inequality condition about the 4-th mean curvature.
Explicit representations of complex structures on closed manifolds are valuable, but relatively rare in the literature. Using isoparametric theory, we construct complex structures on isoparametric hypersurfaces with $g=4, m=1$ in the unit sphere, as well as on focal submanifolds $M_+$ of OT-FKM type with $g=4$, $m=2$ and $m=4$ in the definite case. Furthermore, we investigate the existence and non-existence of invariant (almost) complex structures on homogeneous isoparametric hypersurfaces with $g=4$, providing a complete classification of those that admit such structures. Finally, we discuss the geometric properties of the complex structures arising from isoparametric theory.
In this paper, we demonstrate that on an almost Hermitian manifold $(M^{2n}, J, ds^2)$, a 2-form $φ=S^*Φ$, the pulling back of the Kähler form $Φ$ on the twistor bundle over $M^{2n}$, is non-degenerate if the squared norm $|N|^2$ of the Nijenhuis tensor is less than $\frac{64}{5}$ when $n\geq 3$ or less than $16$ when $n=2$. As a corollary, there exists no orthogonal almost complex structure on the standard sphere $(S^6, ds_0^2)$ with $|N|^2<\frac{64}{5}$ everywhere.
The main purpose of this note is to construct almost complex or complex structures on certain isoparametric hypersurfaces in unit spheres. As a consequence, complex structures on $S^1\times S^7\times S^6$, and on $S^1\times S^3\times S^2$ with vanishing first Chern class, are built.
Associated with a symmetric Clifford system $\{P_0, P_1,\cdots, P_{m}\}$ on $\mathbb{R}^{2l}$, there is a canonical vector bundle $η$ over $S^{l-1}$. For $m=4$ and $8$, we construct explicitly its characteristic map, and determine completely when the sphere bundle $S(η)$ associated to $η$ admits a cross-section. These generalize the results in \cite{St51} and \cite{Ja58}. As an application, we establish new harmonic representatives of certain elements in homotopy groups of spheres (cf. \cite{PT97} \cite{PT98}). By a suitable choice of Clifford system, we construct a metric of non-negative curvature on $S(η)$ which is diffeomorphic to the inhomogeneous focal submanifold $M_+$ of OT-FKM type isoparametric hypersurfaces with $m=3$.
For a closed hypersurface $M^n\subset S^{n+1}(1)$ with constant mean curvature and constant non-negative scalar curvature, the present paper shows that if $\mathrm{tr}(\mathcal{A}^k)$ are constants for $k=3,\ldots, n-1$ for shape operator $\mathcal{A}$, then $M$ is isoparametric. The result generalizes the theorem of de Almeida and Brito \cite{dB90} for $n=3$ to any dimension $n$, strongly supporting Chern's conjecture.
An isoparametric family in the unit sphere consists of parallel isoparametric hypersurfaces and their two focal submanifolds. The present paper has two parts. The first part investigates topology of the isoparametric families, namely the homotopy, homeomorphism, or diffeomorphism types, parallelizability, as well as the Lusternik-Schnirelmann category. This part extends substantially the results of Q.M.Wang in \cite{Wa88}. The second part is concerned with their curvatures, more precisely, we determine when they have non-negative sectional curvatures or positive Ricci curvatures with the induced metric.
64 years ago, I. M. James raised two fundamental questions about octonionic Stiefel spaces. The prime objective of this paper is to figure out partial answers to both of them.
Among a family of 2-parameter left invariant metrics on Sp(2), we determine which have nonnegative sectional curvatures and which are Einstein. On the quotiente $\widetilde{N}^{11}=(Sp(2)\times S^4)/S^3$, we construct a homogeneous isoparametric foliation with isoparametric hypersurfaces diffeomorphic to Sp(2). Furthermore, on the quotiente $\widetilde{N}^{11}/S^3$, we construct a transnormal system with transnormal hypersurfaces diffeomorphic to the Gromoll-Meyer sphere $Σ^7$. Moreover, the induced metric on each hypersurface has positive Ricci curvature and quasi-positive sectional curvature simultaneously.
Let $M^n$ be a closed Riemannian manifold on which the integral of the scalar curvature is nonnegative. Suppose $\mathfrak{a}$ is a symmetric $(0,2)$ tensor field whose dual $(1,1)$ tensor $\mathcal{A}$ has $n$ distinct eigenvalues, and $\mathrm{tr}(\mathcal{A}^k)$ are constants for $k=1,\cdots, n-1$. We show that all the eigenvalues of $\mathcal{A}$ are constants, generalizing a theorem of de Almeida and Brito \cite{dB90} to higher dimensions. As a consequence, a closed hypersurface $M^n$ in $S^{n+1}$ is isoparametric if one takes $\mathfrak{a}$ above to be the second fundamental form, giving affirmative evidence to Chern's conjecture.
An isoparametric hypersurface in unit spheres has two focal submanifolds. Condition A plays a crucial role in the classification theory of isoparametric hypersurfaces in [CCJ07], [Chi16] and [Miy13]. This paper determines $C_A$, the set of points with Condition A in focal submanifolds. It turns out that the points in $C_A$ reach an upper bound of the normal scalar curvature $ρ^{\bot}$ (sharper than that in DDVV inequality [GT08], [Lu11]). We also determine the sets $C_P$ (points with parallel second fundamental form) and $C_E$ (points with Einstein condition), which achieve two lower bounds of $ρ^{\bot}$.
This is a survey on the recent progress in several applications of isoparametric theory, including an affirmative answer to Yau's conjecture on the first eigenvalue of Laplacian in the isoparametric case, a negative answer to Yau's 76th problem in his Problem Section, new examples of Willmore submanifolds in spheres, a series of examples to Besse's problem on the generalization of Einstein condition, isoparametric functions on exotic spheres, counterexamples to two conjectures of Leung, as well as surgery theory on isoparametric foliation.